Besides keeping fresh air, keeping proper temperature and humidity, and implementing necessary isolation measures, the sanitation of chicken coops also has important contents, such as eliminating possible pollution in chicken farms and chicken coops. The former ensures that chickens are kept in good condition and have strong resistance, which forms environmental conditions that are not conducive to the breeding of pathogens; The latter is to eliminate pathogens and infectious agents in time. Among them, killing insects and rats, dealing with dirt and dead chickens in chicken houses are important contents to improve the hygiene of chicken houses.
Insecticidal: mainly killing insects inside and outside the henhouse environment, especially ticks, mites, lice, fleas, flies, mosquitoes and so on. It is harmful to people and chickens. Because some of these insects are not only parasites on the chicken body surface, but also absorb nutrients from the chicken body, which affects the growth and development and destroys the integrity of the body surface; At the same time, they are also vectors of human and animal infectious diseases. So killing these insects is an important measure to prevent diseases.
Insecticidal methods include physical methods such as high temperature and biological methods using natural enemies, but they are easier to implement, and chemical pesticides are the most commonly used. The widely used pesticides are trichlorfon, dichlorvos and coumaphos.
When applying pesticides, we should first pay attention to pertinence, that is, choose drugs and determine insecticidal methods according to insect characteristics, followed by high efficiency and broad spectrum, low toxicity to people and livestock and poultry; The third is to operate in strict accordance with the medication method and dilution multiple; Fourth, scientifically determine the time of drug use, that is, before the insects multiply, reuse them after an interval of about 10 days (according to the characteristics of insect reproduction), and carry out preventive pesticides 2 ~ 3 times a year; The fifth is to take safety precautions to prevent human and animal poisoning; Sixth, do a good job in the environmental sanitation around the henhouse and eliminate mosquitoes and flies.
Rodent control: Rats not only destroy chicken houses and their facilities, pollute feed, but also carry a variety of pathogens, such as ectoparasites and pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore ... rodent control is an important part of chicken house hygiene. First of all, rats should be prevented from entering the henhouse. When building a henhouse (farm), it is necessary to prevent rats from entering the henhouse and remove all kinds of items that may become the habitat of rats, such as waste piles, mounds and weeds. Secondly, do a good job of rodent control on a regular basis. There are capture method and drug killing method to kill rats. When rats are found occasionally and locally, the former method can be used, which is safer; It is more appropriate to use drugs when killing rats in large quantities. Pay special attention to safety when using rodenticides, because rodenticides are mostly toxic to people and animals.
Harmless treatment of the dirt in the henhouse: the dirt in the henhouse refers to feces, padding, garbage, scraps, etc. , should be centralized disinfection after taking out. The most common methods are piling up, piling up into a dung heap about 1 m high, or piling up dung in a pool, and finally smearing mud outside for natural biological fermentation. 1 ~ 3 months later (depending on the season) can achieve the purpose of disinfection. In chicken farms or farmers with biogas digesters, they can also be put into biogas digesters for fermentation. If you suspect that there are pathogens in the dirt, you need to spray disinfectant first.
Disposal of dead chickens: Dead chickens caused by various reasons must be strictly handled and must not be discarded or slaughtered for sale at will. Specific disposal methods include incineration and deep burial. Incineration has the best sterilization effect, but it needs a fire (pot) furnace, so it is difficult for small chicken farms. In contrast, the deep-buried method is easier to do. Dig a pit about 1 m deep, put chicken carcasses, sprinkle with lime, and then bury them to prevent them from being eaten by dogs or other wild animals.