First, an overview of Huang Mufu Shiling's life, the word Mu Fu, also known as Mu Fu, Mrs. Shepherd, was a mountain man in her later years and was tired of traveling. When I was young, my study was called Dwelling House. Middle-aged once became famous as Qingfen Room; In his later years, he lived in a house next to an old tree. Yi county, Anhui. In the 29th year of Qing Daoguang (1849), he was born in Huangcun, his hometown. His father Huang Dehua is a scholar. Besides poetry, he also studied exegetics and wrote Zhu Ji. Influenced by his family, Mu Fu was interested in seal cutting since he was a child, and began to learn carving at the age of eight or nine. In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), his hometown was torn apart by the fierce war between Taiping Army and Qing Army? Its dilemma can be imagined. Shortly after his father's death, Mu Fu's brother, the first brother, proposed separation. He wanted to monopolize half: Mu Fu was born to his stepmother, biological mother and brothers and sisters; Half the victims. Mufu's mother hanged herself for this. According to local customs, unnatural death is not allowed to enter the ancestral temple, and the shepherd just cries for it. I was allowed to stay in the family shrine for the time being. Since the death of his mother, the shepherd has been mourning and dying, lying on the side of his mother's coffin for half a year, and the sound of filial piety is endless in the village. In order to take care of his younger brother and sister, Mu Fu, who is less than twenty years old, was forced to leave his hometown and make a living in Nanchang, Jiangxi.
About Mu Fu's youth life, we can get some news from the postscript of his seal "People Wandering at the End of Ci" when he was 48 years old. Bian's postscript said, "Ling is less disturbed by bandits and has no knowledge. He is strong and strong, lost his parents, and his family is poor. " ? Don't worry about food and clothing. After more than ten years in the market, I lost my job, and the lake and the sea fell. Finally, I can paste my mouth with his words. Now that I am old, I will stick to this to the end. Lettering is a sign of shame. What I'm talking about here is a shop assistant who has worked in Nanchang for many years. According to the article "About Indian Huang Mufu" written by Mr. Fu Baoshi 1940, who grew up in Nanchang and was addicted to Mu Fu (contained in the Collection of Fu Baoshi's Fine Arts), Mu Fu once worked in the "Jobo Xuan" photo studio in Baihuazhou, Donghu, Nanchang, and Mr. Fu Baoshi had seen the signboard of this store when he was young. As for the specific duties of Mufu, it is said that it is to greet all guests who come to take pictures, such as collecting money and writing number plates. Wen Fu also said, "But Mr. Pastor is very irresponsible. Many people come into the store every day instead of taking pictures. They just came to chat with Mr. Pastor, talk about stone painting and calligraphy, and talk for half a day. " The boss is unhappy. Instead of attracting customers, he lost his tea and left the photo studio. Of course, this is by no means what happened when Mu Fu first arrived in Nanchang, but what happened after he lived for a period of time and became famous in art. Mr. Bao Shi also said: Mu Fu had a younger brother, Hou Fu, who was famous for painting portraits in Nanchang, and set up a "Qiu Cheng Pavilion" as a portrait in Dongjiatang Hutong. After losing his job, Mr Mu Fu lived with his younger brother and made a living by selling words and printing. One year, on December 28th of the lunar calendar, someone took a copy of the rubbings of the Han Dynasty and sold them for eight yuan. Mu Fu and his brother are having dinner. They are penniless. Regardless of their brother-in-law's stop, they took off their fur robes and immediately went to the pawnshop to buy rubbings. The life of a poor man eager to pursue art can be seen in the past here. Some people say that Mu Fu and Cong Xiong set up a photo studio in Nanchang, which seems to be a wrong message. However, when Mr. Mu Fu worked as a shop assistant, he still had a good understanding of developing and repairing darkroom technology, even though he was only a clerk. Rong's old manuscript "shogunate miscellanies" has expanded and fixed proofs. How many days did Mu Fu live in Nanchang, leaving no exact record. No charm in body and mind. The giant seal and the postscript read "In Wuyin (that is, 1878, the shepherd just turned 30), in summer and May, yu zhang (that is, Nanchang)" and "Liu Qingsong Seal" and the postscript read "When I was eight years old, I traveled to Jiangxi". In the following year, there was no seal and postscript, and it was impossible to infer its behavior. However, when Renwu published the postscript in the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), a large number of words appeared, such as "Shi Shi", "Written in Tuocheng" and "Written in Guangdong". Maybe he had lived in Nanchang for more than ten years before that.
In the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), Mu Fu came to Guangzhou. He was thirty-four years old. Guangzhou is more active in economy and culture than Nanchang, which is undoubtedly a superior condition for shepherds who want to make a living by entertainment. In the second year after he arrived in Guangdong, the famous scholar Fu made an example of block printing for him and recommended it to him. Changshan, a general in Guangdong at that time, was an elegant scholar and bureaucrat. At that time, there were Shen Zetang, Liang, Liang Dingfen, etc. , or extend to curtains or guests. Zhi Rui, the son of Changshan, was a scholar of Guangxu and later edited. He is the younger brother of Jin Fei and Zhen Fei. He appreciated Mu Fu's seal cutting very much, asked him to carve many seals, and often helped him financially. When we try to read the seal of "Listening to the Autumn Sound Pavilion Seal", we can see that "there is nothing to learn from the division's seal cutting. If shame is not enough for a bosom friend, a foolish teacher likes to scab, and a teacher will be hungry and cold." Lure it and make it right? There will be an idea, that is, look at this. Mu Fu soon got to know a group of scribes and officials who like calligraphy and sculpture. They provided Mu Fu with information about epigraphy and supported him in life. It is because of the recommendation and strong support of powerful figures like Zhirui that I have the opportunity to study in imperial academy.
In August of the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), Mu Fu began to do business in imperial academy. It is the highest institution of higher learning in the country. Because he dropped out of school for a while, he was thirty-seven years old at this time, so he only focused on epigraphy. Beijing is a place where cultural relics gather together. We should learn from famous artists such as Wang, Wu Dayou, etc. We should broaden our horizons and improve our artistic level quickly. During that time, there were many engravings, and there were often words like "stop at the gate of the capital" and "learn from the south and learn from the west" in the printed postscript. In August of the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), Mu Fu was ordered by imperial academy to copy the Song version of Shi Guwen and propose a toast to Yu Sheng. He planned to place the carved stone on the wall of the Chinese Palace and learn to record Cai Gengnian as the proofreading text. Before all the carving was completed, Mu Fu had traveled to Guangzhou, and the work of continuing carving was undertaken by Yin Pengshou, a tribute worker in Zhucheng.
In the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), Governor Zhang Zhidong and Governor Wu Dayou of Guangdong and Guangxi established Guangya Bookstore in Guangzhou to edit classics and history. Mu Fu and Wu Dacheng have a long history. Dacheng invited Mu Fu to be a proofreader in the school library of Guangya Bookstore. Every time there are hundreds of books carved by Guangya Bookstore, there are more seal characters on the title page than Mu Fu's hands, which makes us proud. On the back, he also wrote the words "Huang Shiling Division in a certain year of Guangxu". Mr. Qian Juntao's article and Qiao Zengcuo's Biography of Mr. Huang are both honored guests of Dacheng, and I think it is more appropriate to say that he is honored guests. Mu Fu is by no means an administrative talent, nor is he necessarily interested in Yu. The legend written by the Qiao family is: "(Dacheng) satirizes being an official, and mr. yi disdains it." "I think this is credible. As a scholar of epigraphy, Wu Dacheng needs people like Mu Fu to help him extend and organize many epigraphy cultural relics. In May of the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), Wu Dayou borrowed the Liu Xiong Monument written by Shen Shuyong of Chuansha. My uncle's double hook book was revised, and he asked Mu Fu to use the ending stone as a copy. In July of the same year, Dacheng invited Mu Fu to cooperate with Yin Bohua to arrange and print his ancient seals into 30 volumes of "Sixteen Villages in Jin Fu". Soon, Wu Dacheng was transferred to Hedong Governor. Mu Fu still works in the school library of Guangya Bookstore. (The original site is in the former site of Nanyuan, namely Zhongshan Library at the junction of Wen Ming Road and Wende Road in Guangzhou). Guangya College was founded by Zhang Zhidong, and its principal, Liang Dingfen, is an old friend of Mu Fu, so he has also contributed to this institution. The blue bricks printed with "Guangya Academy" and the tiles printed with "Guangya" were all written by Mu Fu, and even the word "Guangya" on the bookcase was made by Mu Fu. The seal in the yard is engraved. According to the legend of the older generation, he wrote a stone tablet in the hall of innocence, but it is no longer there. However, the seal scripts preserved before the Cultural Revolution, such as The Canon of Guangya Academy, The Memorial of the Establishment of Guangya Academy, Please Grant the Imperial Book a Flat Fold, etc., have no inscriptions, but at first glance they can be known as Mu Fu's calligraphy. Even Zhang Zhidong's Preface to Xu Jun's Exegetics may be seized by Mu Fu. Mu Fu spent his spare time in school, selling and printing books, and his life was not lonely. Among them, Huang, Li Mingke, Ouyang Wuyun, Long Feng, Jiang Renju, Pan, Zhong Baoheng, Wu Yizhuang, etc. There are many prints, ranging from hundreds to dozens. Others include Zhang Zhidong, Liang Dingfen, Pan, Huang Zunxian and Su Ruohu. Many foreign women often write for printing.
Mu Fu still has such an affair in Guangzhou. Li Mingke and his four brothers, Xue Tao and six brothers, are like the sun. At the same time, they worship Mufu as a teacher, or learn seal cutting, or seek calligraphy and painting. Mingke's father admired Han Ji's sheep mirror hidden in Mu Fu and longed for it. However, Mufu regarded his life as his life and refused to give up what he had given up. Li Fu sends handmaids to Mu Fu every day, hoping to get what he wants through this gesture. Soon, he fell in love with his handmaid, and this exquisite Chinese mirror entered the Li family as a dowry. The servant of the Li family, surnamed Zhu, gave birth to a son and two daughters for the shogunate. It is said that Mu Fu once lived in Huaningli, Guangwei Road after her marriage.
Mu Fu came to Guangdong for the first time and lived in Guangdong for nearly four years. I came to Guangdong for the second time and lived there for fourteen years. It was not until May of the 26th year of Guangxu (1900) that I left Guangzhou for Anhui, when I was 52 years old. I have been in Guangdong for eighteen years. The seal and postscript printed on the "Minister's Note" said: "Mu Fu carved the seal and sailed to East Waitan Port in the summer of April (1895). This tells us that Mu Fu visited Anhui during his stay in Guangdong, perhaps to prepare for going back to his hometown.
Mu Fu left his hometown when he was young. When he was old, he remembered his hometown. He later called himself "the Lord of tired travel" and "the Lord of leisure travel", which is a reflection of this mood. At the age of 52, it was the time when Japan was in the middle. Yi Mufu's talent and health at that time should be recreated in art, but he had the idea of retiring prematurely. This is a pity. In the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), he returned to his hometown of yi county and lived there for only two years. In the autumn of the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), Duan Fang, the governor of Hubei and governor of Huguang, took his eldest son Shao Mu to Wuchang to assist Duan Fang in the technical compilation of books such as Tao Zhai Ji Jin Lu. Of course, many seals were carved at this time. In addition to engraving Duan Fang and Chu Deyi, Sheng and other old friends in Guangzhou also wrote for engraving. The "Little Scene of the Tired Wandering Master at the Age of 54" in front of Mr. Huang Mufu the Mountain Man was painted by his brother Hou Fu, who was good at drawing portraits when he lived in Wuchang, and it was as realistic as taking pictures. Mu Fu wrote such a passage on it: "Guangxu Renyin stopped in Ezhou to eat Wuchang fish, which happened to be a good owner. Without plucked strings, he enjoyed the beauty of Jiayu. In the first year, he was rich in appearance. This is just one aspect of life at that time.
In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), Mu Fu returned to his hometown and never came back. At this time, he was only 56 years old. He sent his love to the beautiful landscape of his hometown, and also gave money to the lonely old man and the poor, which was praised by the villagers. For fellow calligraphy and seal cutting lovers, there is a discount of "halving the world". Later, because of building a house for self-occupation, he was falsely accused of occupying land and went to court. The mood is greatly stimulated, asthma recurs, and the body gradually goes downhill. It turns out that after returning to China, Mu Fu didn't relax his research on art. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), in the early spring of the first month, he also carved a seal of "the house next to an ancient tree". Only two or three days later, on the fourth day of the first month, he died at home at the age of sixty.
Mu Fu is a student in imperial academy. He was a guest of your rank twice in his life. If he wants to be an official, it is not without a chance. However, he has been living a simple and self-sufficient life in the entertainment circle. It seems a bit like Deng Shiru, a native of Wanbaishan, who once lived in private. In his later years, Mu Fu often called himself a "mountain man", which may be interesting. Duan Fang wrote in the couplet of Wan Mu Fu: "Hold the vertical rafters and catch up with Qin and Han Dynasties. Stone and stone have the same life, and public virtue. I didn't make a statement; With cloth as your assistant between ministers, you will remain rich and you will be a famous minister and a famous figure. " It can be said to be tickling.
Finally, I want to make some necessary clarifications on some descriptions of Mu Fu by my neighbors. One is where Mu Fu went to study in Beijing and imperial academy. Mr. Qian Juntao's article "Huang Shiling as I Know It" (contained in the eighth edition of Art Forest Collection) said that when Mu Fu was in Nanchang, he often went to an old bookstore to read and borrow books, and wrote many bookmarks and title pages for the bookstore in exchange. Later, a senior official in Jiangxi appreciated his bookmarks and title pages written in seal script, wanted to meet Mu Fu, and introduced him to study in imperial academy. Qiao Zengshou's Biography of Mr. Huang said: "... my father died, but my mother thanked Mrs. Xie for her martyrdom." Mr. Wang's form is ruined. He has been eating vegetables for three years. Filial piety is heard in the countryside. Take part in work and study in imperial academy South of Yanjing. Neither of these paragraphs is accurate. Mu Fu did not go north from Laiyuan, Jiangxi, nor directly from Anhui, but was recommended by powerful people in Guangzhou. This has been explained in detail before, so I won't repeat it here. The other is the year when Mu Fu entered Guangdong twice. Huang Wenkuan said in Preface to Printing in Huang Mufu (see Xian Yuqing's mimeographed Guangdong Printing): "In the eighth year of Guangxu, (Mu Fu) came to Guangdong for the first time and visited Wu Qingqing. He also said, "(Mu Fu) Woods came to Guangdong for the second time and was a guest in Nanmu." This is all wrong. In the eighth year of Guangxu, Wu Dayou was still the minister of Taichang Temple in Beijing. How can he come to Guangdong from where he came from? I went to Guangdong for the second time, neither in materials nor in Zhang Zhidong. I have the original "Posting Seal" handwritten by Wuzi in October, which contains the words "Ding Hai (that is, the year before Wuzi, 1887) once ate under Wu Keweng's door when he came to Guangdong", which can be used as conclusive proof. The above information is afraid of being misquoted, so distinguish it.
Two: Mufu seal cutting.
Mu Fu began to learn seal cutting when he was young. He did not learn from seal carvers, but mainly relied on his own exploration. Mu Fu's younger brother Zhifu said in the postscript of Mu Fu Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra: "When my younger brother was eight or nine years old, he copied poetry, seal cutting, seal cutting of birds and insects, Shang Ding, Qin Bei Han Tuan and so on in his spare time. It has been accumulated for 20 years now, and it has not been temporarily abolished in the cold and hot. As for this, he is addicted to it. What's going on in the world, people who don't indulge in it and don't work can also think about what they have done. Recently, I carved a volume of "Many Hearts Sutra". The composition is elegant and the knife is like a pen tip. I can tell it without cutting it. From here, we can know that Mu Fu learned printing very early, and by the time he was twenty-eight or nine years old, he had written the Heart Sutra. This spectrum is printed, and it can be seen that Deng, Chen Mansheng and other famous artists are taking the road.
Mu Fu came to Guangdong for the first time because he got a printed book for his later years, and studied it repeatedly, and gained a lot. Therefore, the imitation of works in this period made him very popular. He said on the seal of "loyal to your art, you don't know your age": "Zhang came from Jiangnan and bought a printed book for his later years. He knows that I saved it and raised it. According to the doctrine, I closed the door and sought asylum. I got the message and learned the skills. Am I really moved by the old people? The joy is beyond words. However, sometimes, Ding Chong and Manson are still used.
During the three years before and after entering Beijing, I extensively dabbled in Zhou's "The Story of the Stone" and traveled to many divisions, from which I realized that I wanted to print China and Zhao? It is necessary for uncle to seek printing outside India, so he has a new interest in his works. At that time, Mu Fu actively collected information on epigraphy and boldly made various explorations. On one occasion, he engraved "The first year of my life was stamped in Chen Bing." In the postscript, he wrote: "Zhu Bo's residual stone was unearthed not far away. When I arrived in the capital, I got a sneak peek. I am as thin as a bronze inscription of the Han people, and I am the only one on the stone tablet. I like it very much. It was seven dollars when I bought it, and it took a long time between cases. There is also a seal of "Guo Jun Longevity", which was also his work when he was in Beijing. When the printer saw Mu Fu engrave it for him face to face, he was very impressed. He specially wrote a paragraph for Mu Fu to stick on the stone. This passage goes like this: "The difficulty of seal cutting means that it is difficult to use a knife and a pen. I wonder if it means something else. The shepherd's father is good at carving seals. I have seen his seals, which spread out the paper and were born under his arm. It is not hard to believe. This is not a kiss. Stealing a knife makes it difficult to use a pen. It is different to use stone as a knife and paper as a pen. This autumn, when I was a guest in the capital, I was very happy from the case. Generally speaking, I am absorbed and satisfied, but the work of seal cutting is the most difficult, and it is not difficult to lift it after the carving is solved. In other words, it is easy for Yu to make this seal and seal dozens of pieces of paper, but the knife is established. Yu Nai realized that the so-called difficult people are not difficult, and the difficult people are difficult. In other words, it can be seen that the difficulty of what's going on in the world is not difficult. Sincerity is not related to the efficacy of many people, but to the god of solitary transport, and people who speculate outside the bureau are unreasonable. The shepherd's quality, the shepherd should smile at the sun: only. Because begging is carved in stone, it is difficult to understand Tao. Easy to swim in autumn, recorded in the West Park. These words vividly describe Mu Fu's seriousness and spirit of seeking change in the creation of seal script, as well as his dripping joy in seal cutting. If Mu Fu's first visit to Guangdong was a period of imitation in seal cutting, then his stay in Beijing should be a period of transition, and the three years after his second visit to Guangdong should be a period of innovation for Mu Fu.
After a long and painstaking exploration, Mu Fu copied ancient seals and various famous seals, and after forty years old, he formed his own unique style.
His seal cutting features are: seeing the middle flow of the plane, the middle of the strength contains beauty and elegance, and there is no suspicion of delay. He borrowed the bright and clean works of Han and India, and borrowed Zhao? Uncle. ? Uncle used a cutting knife to represent the Chinese seal, while Mu Fu used a punching knife to make the original Chinese seal look sharp and steep. He said in the postscript of seal script: "The erosion of Han and India is due to the age, but the disease, that is, its disease, is also: how can it be effective?" "(see" Ji Nian "printed postscript) and said:" Zhao Yifu (that is? Uncle) Imitating the Han Dynasty, there is no seal, no painting, no smoothness, like a jade man ruling the jade, and there is no discontinuity, while Muran's ancient spirit is no god. Did he imitate and imitate? Uncle's work, but how can it be like this? Uncle, learn the spirit of ancient seal, and don't be fettered by your predecessors? Mu Fu has a process of exploration. In the printing postscript printed for many years, it said: "Imitating Korean Zhu Yin, carrying a knife, is still not out of touch with people." After more than three years, I finally got rid of the knives that famous artists like to use in the Qing Dynasty and used a straightforward punching knife to deal with stones. Of course, it is good for Qing people to use knives, but the last stream of Zhejiang school has become a serrated dovetail, and reform is necessary. You see, Mu Fu revealed on the seal postscript of "Tang Ji" that "the punching knife is an antique copper seal", and this seal is his true colors. At this time, the wooden house really broke its own path. From these seals, we can see the development path of Mufu printing art creation. Mufu carved the seal of "being a teacher for many years" for his student Li Mingke, and wrote on the border: "This Mufu has no stone. Plain and honest, there is nothing very gratifying. I hope Mingke Town will protect it. This teacher's long-term white printing is the most familiar face in Mu Fu. " Easy and honest, there is no very gratifying habit ",simple and clear, and this is exactly what has been done after a decade or two of discussion, as Sun said in his treatise:" Not only can you be in danger, but you can also restore your rights. " He has mastered the steep and extraordinary style of stone, and Mansheng's ingram micro is refreshing, making it stable and natural, and then returning to "carefree and sincere", so it looks dry and practical. In the processing of characters, in order to change the density, he often absorbed the miraculous principle from the imperial edict of the Qin Dynasty. In the change of stroke thickness, appropriate adjustments have also been made. Bai Wen is like this, so is Zhu Wen. Every time the ancestors printed, they made it round and solid at the intersection or combination of strokes, just as Liang Tui 'an ironically said: four round papers were glued to a square with black paint, just like the word "Tian", but they did the opposite. The intersection of Zhu's brushstrokes is particularly sharp and resolute, which makes his hands and eyes bright and shows a clear and straight print. If seal cutting can also be compared with calligraphy, then the ingenuity of Mu Fu's seal cutting is undoubtedly the most suitable to be compared with Yi Bingshou's official script. Yi Bingshou's official script has a straight structure and straight strokes. Because of the change of structural density, every word has one or two dangerous strokes, so the whole word comes alive. Isn't this what Mu Fu said modestly: "People are honest, and there are no very gratifying habits"? At this point, we can also find tangible evidence. Mu Fu confessed on the edge of the seal of "Uncle Ming": "The official script of Yiting Prefecture is bright and clean, but it does not lose its ancient interest, so it is unique and the shepherd learns what he wants." This is the clearest.
Mu Fu has special attainments in composing music. Deng Erya said that he "is especially good at using cloth and white, and he is in the same position as Fiona Fang, and his participation is complicated, so he can't change things." "This is very insightful. He pays great attention to density and the interpenetration of words, as if intentionally or unintentionally, the dense words are clear and interesting. When Mu Fu was in imperial academy, he carved a 47-word multi-character seal with Zhou Jin characters printed on it. However, each word is not arranged in parallel like the Yi inscription, but scattered, up and down, and dense. After carving, he said on the border: "multi-character seals are not easy to arrange, and they are too dull and dense." More than ten years later, he engraved the seal of Forging Guest, and the side section said, "Filling the dense stagnation, dredging the broken. It takes three easy moments to get this, and it is inevitable that both people will suffer. People who know should know the pain in Ling's heart. "Looking at the printed surface and thinking about what the paragraph says can make people realize a lot of truth.
The knife used after Mu Fu established his own family law also has its own characteristics. Li Mingke, his disciple, told people that Mu Fu's knife method for lettering was completely in accordance with tradition, and the knife was extremely vertical, just like a pen. Every time he paints, he takes advantage of the situation lightly. The beginning and end of each line are in one go, flat and neat, and he will never carve intermittently or turn from one to another. We can realize this when we see Zhong Ben. If you get the original woodcut, wash it, and carefully consider the method of using a knife with a magnifying glass, it will further prove that Mingke is well-founded.
Li Mingke once said, "The Hall of Sorrow (refers to Zhao? Uncle) learned, Zhishan (refers to) learned, Ai 'an's works were below the Qin and Han Dynasties, and Zhishan was above three generations. "Many people regard these words as learning, Zhao? Uncle's will not be discussed for the time being. As far as Mu Fu is concerned, its self-contained appearance is really due to Ji Jin, but it is mainly carved in the Han Dynasty, and it is sharp and smooth, no more than three generations. This needs to be identified. He has abundant information, such as Yi Ding, weights, coins, mirror inscriptions, ancient pottery, bricks and tiles, and stone carvings of Zhou, Qin, Han and Wei dynasties. Of course, there is no shortage of seals: he can capture his interest: casting into seal cutting. Before Mufu, there was no in-depth study of ancient seals. I didn't get a glimpse until I got to Mufu, so I used the inscription skillfully. At the age of 40, Huang got it after he carved a "chapter" for him. He wrote to the shogunate: "Getting this antique seal made me stop thinking about the ancient things of Zhou and Qin. Why not?" "I don't think this is blind applause.
Mr. Fu Baoshi once commented on Mu Fu's printing art, saying, "Personally, I often think that his printing is just enough, but the change is not enough. If compared with calligraphy, he seems to be Yan rather than Zhao; Painting is closer to the courtyard than Shi Ge and Liang Kai. His Zhu Wen is better than Bai Wen, and his fine print is better than big print. He can show his skills in nuances; But also transfer between branches. No matter how talented you are, you can learn from Xu Sangeng's rapid fame, but you can't copy his steps in a short time. His value is here! His respect is here! His pity, I think most of it is here! " That's very insightful.
I have to talk about the border money of Mufu. In his early years, he studied the double-knife engraving method of running script in Ming Dynasty (see "No Charm in Body and Mind"), but the most commonly used single-knife engraving method is the regular script engraving method of the Six Dynasties inscriptions, which is thick and sharp, just like his books, big or small, all in pen and ink. Every time the older one sees Shen Xiong, the younger one shows beauty and elegance. I have seen the seal of "Stone Neighboring White Coconut", and the seal is also regular script, but the style is quite similar. Uncle, maybe it was a temporary idea. Occasionally, the shogunate also uses inscriptions on bronze (see Yu Bohui), seal script (see Yixiutang) and official script (see Five Letters of Sorrow). As for the meaning of literary characters, he often expresses his views on printing art, which is noticed by people who like the printing art of Mufu. Mufu made a living by printing for half his life and carved many seals. He carved a lot of seals of friendship, students and huge rooms, which is really a masterpiece; On the whole, however, some leisure and entertainment works are also implicit or plain. This is something we can't hide from the sages.