What are the family planning technical services and institutions in China?

The Population and Family Planning Commission introduced the current situation and development ideas of rural family planning services. China's family planning service is a special public service gradually developed in the process of implementing the basic national policy of family planning, giving full play to the role of administrative constraints, mainly including the following three aspects: First, family planning technical services. It mainly refers to providing family planning, reproductive health and family health care services that meet the needs of different levels on the basis of providing free technical services for basic family planning projects based on communities and families, guiding farmers to have fewer children and better children, and helping farmers improve their family planning/reproductive health level. The second is family planning related legal and policy services. Mainly by constantly improving the system of family planning laws and regulations, strengthening the publicity, consultation, education and training of relevant laws, regulations and policies, enhancing the legal awareness of cadres and the masses, urging the masses to consciously fulfill their family planning obligations and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. The third is the necessary production and living services. It mainly refers to giving preferential policies and practical help to family planning families in terms of production funds, projects and social security, helping family planning families solve practical difficulties in production and life, so that they can have a position in society, get economic benefits and have a sense of security for the elderly. First, the measures taken by the current rural family planning service After more than 30 years of practice, the population and family planning system has gradually formed a "trinity" public management and service system of administrative management, technical service and mass work. This is a successful exploration of modern social management service system in China, and it is a supplier of family planning services in rural areas. In implementing the basic national policy of family planning, promoting public management and services, and participating in responding to public emergencies, family planning administrative departments play a leading role in rural family planning services, and undertake many functions such as updating service concepts, grasping development direction, improving policies and regulations, striving for funding guarantee, and supervising service quality. Family planning technical service institutions are the main positions to provide rural family planning services, especially technical services. They have five functions: technical service, publicity and education, personnel training, distribution of contraceptives and information consultation. They are an irreplaceable cornerstone for implementing the basic national policy of family planning and solving the population problem as a whole. Autonomous organizations such as villagers' committees and mass organizations such as family planning associations are bridges and ties between the government and the masses, and play an indispensable role in democratic management and supervision of family planning, publicizing the basic national policy of family planning, helping families with family planning difficulties, and expanding the field of family planning services. Relying on the "trinity" family planning management and service system, the following measures have been taken in recent years to vigorously strengthen family planning services in rural areas: First, strengthening the legal system to protect the family planning/reproductive health rights of the broad masses according to law. At the beginning of the 20th century, under the impetus of the former National Family Planning Commission, the Central the State Council formulated and issued the Decision on Strengthening Population and Family Planning to Stabilize the Low Fertility Level. The Decision clarifies the importance of strengthening family planning/reproductive health services, and requires "respecting the people's status as masters of family planning and safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests". The Law on Population and Family Planning promulgated in 200 1 defines eight rights that citizens enjoy, such as informed choice of fertility and contraceptive methods, legal relief according to law, and responsibility of service providers. The Regulations on the Administration of Family Planning Technical Services promulgated in 20001and revised in 2004 once again clarified that "citizens have the right to know and choose contraceptive methods. The state guarantees citizens' right to receive appropriate family planning technical services. "In the revised and improved local population and family planning regulations of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), detailed provisions have also been made to ensure people's access to family planning/reproductive health services. The second is to actively promote the change of thinking and working methods in population and family planning work and strengthen the people-oriented working concept. In the middle and late 1990s, the former National Family Planning Commission put forward "two changes" according to the change of the situation, namely, "the change of working ideas and working methods from focusing on family planning to closely integrating economic and social development and adopting comprehensive measures to solve the population problem, and from focusing on social constraints to gradually establishing a mechanism that combines interest orientation with social constraints, publicity and education with comprehensive services and scientific management." "Two transformations" fully embodies the people-oriented working concept. /kloc-in the past 0/0 years, the population and family planning system has actively carried out high-quality services and comprehensive reforms, accelerated the transformation of administrative functions, improved management models, expanded the scope of services, improved service quality, combined population and family planning work with economic development, helped the masses to become rich through hard work, and built civilized and happy families, which effectively promoted the development of population and family planning work. The third is to carry out extensive, in-depth and meticulous family planning technical services to meet farmers' contraceptive needs. Over the years, family planning technical service institutions have always adhered to the working principle of "facing the grassroots, going deep into rural areas, providing on-site services, facilitating the people and benefiting the people", and going from village to village all the year round to publicize and educate reproductive health science knowledge such as family planning laws and regulations, contraception, prenatal and postnatal care, and STD/AIDS prevention. , provide contraceptives and related guidance, consultation and follow-up services free of charge, regularly carry out basic project health checks, steadily promote informed choice of contraceptive methods, and conscientiously implement family planning contraceptive operations. According to statistics, county and township family planning service stations undertake 70-80% of family planning operations in rural areas, with an average annual operation volume of 20 million cases. Fourth, vigorously implement the "three major projects" to improve people's reproductive health. Since the 1990s, family planning technical service institutions have drawn lessons from international advanced concepts, focused on fertility, birth control and infertility, gradually expanded their service areas, combined environmental monitoring, pregnancy monitoring with diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases, and vigorously implemented reproductive health promotion projects focusing on informed choice of contraceptive methods, birth defect intervention and reproductive tract infection intervention. Service stations at all levels work closely with medical and health care institutions and maternal and child health care institutions to actively carry out the "birth defect intervention project", focusing on strengthening the publicity of pre-marital medical examination, genetic eugenics consultation, maternal health care, prenatal diagnosis and screening, and reducing the incidence of birth defects. At present, 80% county and township service stations in China have carried out prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections, 67% county stations have carried out eugenics screening, and 84% county stations have carried out diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Fifth, organize and implement some rural family planning reward and assistance systems and the poverty alleviation project of "having fewer children and getting rich quickly" to promote the establishment and improvement of the interest-oriented mechanism of family planning. Over the years, the population and family planning system has actively sought the support of party committees and governments at all levels and relevant departments, given financial, technical and training support and preferential treatment to rural families who practice family planning in economic development, children's education and old-age security, and given priority to poor families who practice family planning in poverty-relief loans, work-for-work relief, poverty-relief projects and social relief, initially forming an interest-oriented mechanism conducive to family planning. In particular, some rural family planning reward and assistance systems and the poverty alleviation project of "having fewer children and getting rich quickly", which began to be piloted in 2004, have been widely praised by relevant departments and public opinion at home and abroad, and have been called "virtuous politics and good deeds" by ordinary people from the heart.