1 Development and existing problems of urban green space system 1. 1 Development course of urban green space system Modern urban green space has gone through several stages, from natural emergence to artificial creation, from public green space to ecological green space system. The natural germination stage mainly refers to the garden for hunting and grazing; The artificial creative stage refers to palaces and monasteries, mainly private gardens and royal residences, aiming at meeting the needs of dignitaries and religions; /kloc-in the middle and late 20th century, it entered the stage of urban public green space. Due to industrialization, the urban population has surged, while the productivity has developed rapidly and the urban sanitation environment has deteriorated, prompting cities to open up public green spaces for citizens to use. Europe and North America set off the first climax of urban park construction, which is called "park movement". At the beginning of the 20th century, especially after World War II, European and Asian countries began to rebuild their urban homes on the ruins. On the one hand, many cities began to expand green space in the old city. On the other hand, many countries began to take measures to evacuate the population of big cities and create new cities. The second historical climax after the construction of urban green space entered the "Park Movement". In the early 1970s, ecology was introduced into green space planning as a design concept, and urban green space construction began to show new characteristics, thus winning the stage of ecological green space with the dual purposes of improving urban environment and satisfying landscape effect. For example, the St. Charles green belt in Maryland, USA, is interconnected to form a network green space system; In the early 1980s, the construction of urban green space entered the stage of theoretical discussion and practical exploration of ecological gardens, and Shenzhen, Beijing, Hefei and other cities in China all made beneficial explorations in this respect. 1.2 Common problems of urban greening in China In recent years, with the continuous improvement of productivity, urban greening in China has made great progress, but at the same time, some common problems have been exposed. 1.2. 1 The per capita public green space index is low and the distribution is unreasonable. China's urban construction and garden departments spend considerable funds to build a number of new green spaces every year, and the absolute value of public green spaces is increasing every year. However, due to the intensification of urban expansion and the surge of floating population in some cities in recent years, the urban population has increased. As a result, the per capita green space in cities is generally less. According to the analysis of the green space planning indicators of 222 cities in China, by 2000, there were 140 cities with a per capita public green space of 7㎡/ person, and the per capita park area was 50㎡/ person in Washington, USA, 70㎡/ person in Canberra, Australia and over 80㎡/ person in Stockholm, Sweden. According to the statistics of 49 cities in the world, it can be seen that compared with foreign cities, the per capita public green space index of China is far behind. In addition, the limited distribution of urban public green space is also unreasonable. The park green space in the city is either in a corner or concentrated on the edge of the city, which is not balanced, which is not conducive to the travel of urban residents and the ecological benefits of green space. 1.2.2 failed to build a complete suburban integrated ecological greening system. For a long time, the green space planning of many cities only pays attention to making a fuss about the urban center. Urban greening and park greening have become deliberate objects, ignoring the greening of suburbs, trunk roads and rivers, and failing to build a complete urban ecological green space system according to the principle of "combining patches, corridors and substrates", resulting in a single greening scope and region, lacking systematicness, scientificity and rationality. 1.2.3 Lack of economic green space and healthy green space Among urban green space types, park green space, residential green space and street green space account for a large proportion of the total green space. Although these green spaces have great ecological benefits in improving environmental quality, the economic and social benefits brought by greening can not be ignored. At present, the construction, maintenance and management of economic green spaces such as nurseries, flower beds, grass beds and green spaces. The lack of healthy green space makes the urban greening construction not well developed. 1.2.4 green land laws and regulations are not perfect, and law enforcement is lax. At present, the laws and regulations of green space in many cities in China are not perfect and the law enforcement is not strict; In the approval of land leasing, transformation of old areas and unit construction projects, the statutory green space planning control indicators have not been audited by the greening authorities, and there is no strict and scientific project completion acceptance system; When encountering specific problems, driven by economic interests, the construction of green space is often reduced, postponed or even stopped, and the built green space is often destroyed by various excuses.
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