It is called "the most robust asset allocation model". Poole's quadrant chart of family assets divides assets into four parts, which have different functions and different investment channels. Among them, the money to be spent accounts for 10%, the money to save lives accounts for 20%, the money to invest accounts for 30%, and the money to maintain and increase the value accounts for 40%, which is also commonly known as the 432 1 law.
What common sense should ordinary people know about financial management? (dry goods)
1, the daily expense account, that is, the money to be spent (10%)
About 3-6 months of living expenses, this part is not only the cash in your wallet, but also many other non-cash forms, such as credit cards. If you put your daily money into Yu 'ebao, you can get higher income than bank deposits. At the same time, you can use this money to protect your family's short-term expenses. Daily life, clothes, beauty, travel, etc. Should be paid from this account.
2. Leveraged account, that is, life-saving money (20%)
Leveraged accounts are used to solve large expenditures caused by emergencies, so they must be earmarked to ensure that they or their families have enough money to save their lives in the event of accidents and major diseases. This part of the money can be deposited in the bank as a notice or divided into several time deposits.
3. Investment income account, i.e. currency (30%)
The investment income account is mainly used for financial management and investment. Financial management is as important as work, so you need to think ahead and study ahead. Large-scale Internet platform wealth management products can be tried, and the income can be around 5-7%. The graded fund A is also a good financial product with less risk. P2P products of listed companies or large platforms can also be bought with a profit of about 7- 10%, and the risk is still controllable in the short term.
4, long-term income account, capital preservation and appreciation (40%)
This part is mainly to protect the family's money, which must be used and prepared in advance. Including some low-risk wealth management products, such as bank wealth management, national debt, money fund, convertible bonds, insurance and so on.
Configuration should vary from person to person. There are standard answers to math problems, but financial management is different. The situation of each person and family is different, and there will be different needs at different stages of the individual or family, which need to be targeted. Of course, even if the configuration is different, the four parts of the model are indispensable, and only the proportion and distribution method can be adjusted.
What common sense should ordinary people know about financial management? (dry goods)
Second, the family life cycle theory
Families, like people, have a process of growth, development and change, and the family structure and main financial goals will be different in different periods. After all, money is limited and should be used on the cutting edge. Regardless of consumption or investment, different strategies are needed in different periods for the choice of wealth management tools, wealth management products and product maturity and liquidity.
(1) One-phase: saving money for value-added emergency house purchase.
When you are single, besides working, the most important thing is to form a family. The biggest expense at this time should be buying a house. At this stage, we should improve our working ability as much as possible, save more money, and use this money to make simple investments to increase value. At the same time, we should make a good budget to ensure that we can afford the down payment when we need to get married, so that we can have a warm nest.
(2) Family formation period, from marriage to having children: buying a house and purchasing hardware to save money.
To form a family, we must give consideration to work and children. This period is a leap in our salary growth. During this period, the work pressure is great, and new family members will consume a lot of energy and money, which needs us to balance.
(3) Family growth period: the special emergency goal of asset appreciation in education planning.
After the family grows up, because the work tends to be stable, the income reaches the highest point of the life cycle. During this period, our main concern is the education of children and the appreciation of assets.
(4) special emergency objects with mature families, working children and retired parents.
When the family is mature, the children have already worked. With the growth of age, good health and old-age care are more important.
What common sense should ordinary people know about financial management? (dry goods)
Three. Article 72
The 72 rule is actually a formula: 72/ compound interest = the time for assets to double.
This rule illustrates three facts:
1, it takes time to accumulate wealth;
2. The rate of return is very important;
3. The power of compound interest is terrible;
Assuming that the compound interest after financial distribution is 8%, according to the 72 rule, 72/8=9, the assets will double in about 9 years. Sticking to 9 years is a very long process, which requires us to have enough willpower. Of course, if the compound interest is raised to 15% and 72/ 15=4.8 according to the rule of 72, it will only take us about five years to double the assets and shorten the time by half. If we have an investment fund of 100W and the annual rate of return is 15%, we will get about 6600W after 30 years of investment. Isn't it terrible?
What common sense should ordinary people know about financial management? (dry goods)
IV. VIII Financial Planning
Financial management contains many contents, and financial planning is divided into eight modules:
1, cash planning: mainly to plan our current and future cash needs and ensure that we have the right amount of cash in hand;
2. Consumption expenditure planning: the planning of consumption level and structure, such as buying a house, a car, personal credit, etc.
3. Education planning: children's education;
4. Risk management and insurance planning: money to prevent accidents, whether insurance or other means, needs to be prepared;
5. Tax planning: plan and arrange business, investment and wealth management activities in advance to avoid taxes reasonably;
6, investment planning: according to their own situation to configure the appropriate portfolio of wealth management products, so that our Qian Shengqian;
7. Retirement and pension planning: ensure that the elderly can live a life of "old age, old age and happiness";
What common sense should ordinary people know about financial management? (dry goods)
V. Other financial common sense:
Rule 28: We should focus on a few (20%) activities with high returns.
Article 35: The maximum monthly repayment of loan principal and interest shall not exceed 35% of income.
100 rule: the best ratio of risky products to deposits is (100- age)%.
For example, if you are 35 years old, the proportion of investing in high-risk products should be 65%, and the other 35% can invest in low-risk products such as Yu 'ebao, bank savings and national debt.
Immunization strategy: Immunization strategy is generally used to refer to bond investment and can be applied to family risk prevention. Buy term life insurance and medical insurance for the main source of wealth at home, and then consider children and others.