In cold weather, children are prone to catch cold and get sick. There are some rules to follow to ensure children's health. Children's winter health care should remember the following five points.
First, avoid catching a cold:
There are many cold waves in winter, and the temperature changes greatly. Children are prone to catch a cold and often cause many serious diseases, such as pneumonia, myocarditis, lobar pneumonia and acute nephritis. So keep your child warm in winter to avoid catching a cold.
Second, protect the skin:
Winter is cold and dry, children's skin loses more water, sebaceous glands secrete less, and the skin is easy to dry and itch. Let children eat more fruits and vegetables, drink more boiled water, wash their hands, feet and faces with hot water, and then apply some skin cream appropriately.
Third, pay attention to the room temperature:
The suitable temperature for human body in winter is 18℃. If it is higher than 23 degrees Celsius, people will feel dizzy and tired. In addition, if the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, it is easy to catch a cold.
Fourth, get more sunshine:
Ultraviolet rays in the sun can kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of the human body, help children absorb calcium and phosphorus, and enhance the body's disease resistance. In addition, sunlight can also increase the oxygen content of red blood cells and enhance the skin's thermoregulation ability, as well as enhance the activity function of the nervous system and the physique of young children.
Five, don't sit cold:
In winter, the ground temperature is very low, and when children sit on it, a lot of heat will be lost in the body, which is easy to catch a cold.
Children have nosebleeds for different reasons, and the methods of stopping bleeding are also particular.
Children's nosebleeds are usually caused by injuries in the front of the nasal septum, where several blood vessels meet, especially arteries, so there is a lot of bleeding. Children who are prone to nosebleeds can be roughly divided into the following categories:
First, children with colds-because colds can reduce the resistance of nasal mucosa, symptoms of colds (stuffy nose, runny nose, runny nose, etc. ) will make children do some actions that directly hurt the nasal mucosa (such as blowing your nose hard and picking your nose). ), so it is easy to have a nosebleed.
Second, children with nasal allergies-because the nose is itchy, runny nose, stuffy nose, often picking nostrils, so that the nasal mucosa often hurts and bleeds.
Third, children who are used to picking their nostrils with their fingers-because they often pick their nostrils, the nasal entrance and nasal vestibule are repeatedly injured, scabbed, and then stained with nosebleeds. Children can't help digging, so a vicious circle, over time, the nose entrance and vestibule will fester and bleed easily.
4. Children with blood diseases-these children often have nosebleeds, even though their noses are not injured. Usually the flow rate is slow, but the frequency is very frequent. This type of nosebleed is usually caused by blood diseases. In this case, they must go to the hospital for a blood test immediately, just in case.
Parents should not lose heart when they see a lot of bleeding. It is best to immediately press both sides of the nose with your thumb and middle finger to stop bleeding. After about five minutes, let go and see if the bleeding has stopped. If the bleeding continues, press the nose for another five to ten minutes, and most of them can stop the bleeding. If not, be sure to call an otolaryngologist for emergency treatment.
Many parents often put toilet paper or cotton into their children's nasal cavity to stop bleeding when they see their children with nosebleeds, but they can't stop bleeding because of insufficient pressure or wrong position. At this time, parents often let their children lie down, thinking that this can help stop bleeding. In fact, this is not appropriate, because once the child lies down, the nosebleed that originally flowed out will flow back to his mouth and throat, which will make it difficult for the child to breathe, or swallow a lot of blood, which will stimulate the stomach wall and cause vomiting and blood, and even make parents panic.
In fact, children with nosebleeds don't have to panic. As long as they are handled properly, they can probably be solved, but the most important thing is that prevention is more important than treatment. If the child has a cold, he should see a doctor as soon as possible. Children with nasal allergies should control their allergic attacks for a long time. Children who are used to picking their nostrils should often be discouraged. Children suspected of having blood diseases should be sent to a doctor for examination as soon as possible.
Matters needing attention in children's tooth changing period
Everyone wants to have white and neat teeth, and there are many reasons for the uneven arrangement of teeth. However, the time when children change their teeth is the key. Generally speaking, the age of 7 to 12 is the critical period for the normal replacement of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. Therefore, parents should pay special attention to their children's tooth replacement and must not take it lightly.
Protect deciduous teeth from premature shedding. Premature deciduous teeth fall off, which will not only affect the chewing, digestion and absorption of food and the normal development of jaws, but also cause uneven tooth arrangement, which will stagger permanent teeth when they erupt or affect the displacement of adjacent teeth, thus affecting the fixation of teeth.
Early extraction of deciduous teeth. If the baby's deciduous teeth still do not fall off when changing teeth, resulting in overlapping (commonly known as "double teeth"), they should be pulled out in time so that the permanent teeth can erupt in situ. If it is determined that permanent teeth cannot erupt normally, or even no permanent teeth can erupt, it is necessary to temporarily keep deciduous teeth.
Don't let "thief teeth" replace teeth. A "thief's tooth" is an extra tooth or an extra tooth. The "thief teeth" that grow when the deciduous teeth fall off and the permanent teeth don't come out occupy the normal tooth position, which leads to the dislocation and eruption of the normal teeth, which will lead to uneven dentition. Therefore, once the "thief tooth" is found, it should be removed as soon as possible.
Special care for "six-year-old teeth". "Six-year-old tooth" refers to the first permanent molar behind the deciduous dentition that erupted when the child was about 6 years old. It has the functions of "positioning" and "setting height" of the whole oral teeth and is the "pillar" of dentition. The absence of "six-aged teeth" will lead to uneven inclination of the front and rear teeth, resulting in disorder of the whole row of dentition. Therefore, the vital "six-year-old teeth" should be doubly cared for.
How to judge a child's illness?
When children are sick, they often can't say clearly or clearly. If adults don't observe carefully, it may delay the diagnosis and treatment. In fact, any disease has early signs.
Crying: Crying clearly, loudly and rhythmically is a sign of health. When I was sick, my crying became thinner, sometimes like a cat, but I stopped crying when I was seriously ill. Some children suddenly become particularly fond of crying, and cry quickly, which is also a sign of illness. When a child cries differently in peacetime, think that the child may be ill.
Sleep: Before a child has a fever, he often feels restless at night, turning over or moving his hands and feet more than usual, or easily waking up and fidgeting.
Uneasy, often kicking the quilt or putting your hands outside the quilt.
Breathing: Before a fever, children may have dyspnea, shortness of breath or slowness, loud breathing, and purring phlegm in the nose or throat.
Breastfeeding: When children suffer from respiratory tract infections and throat diseases, they often lose their appetite first. For example, the day before a fever, there may be symptoms such as not wanting to eat, and the nursing child shows weakness or shuts up and shakes his head.
Activity: The child is unwell, and his habits will change without other obvious symptoms. For example, children who usually like activities suddenly become inactive and sleepy. This is not a sign of obedience, but an early sign of illness, so we should pay close attention to it.
Weight: Children gain weight regularly. It grows rapidly in the first half of life, increasing by 0.6 kg per month, increasing by 0.5 kg per month in the second half, and increasing by 2 kg per year after one year. If the child does not gain or lose weight, it is necessary to doubt whether it is abnormal or improperly fed.
Emotion: When a child is sick, his mood and personality will change, such as listlessness, crying, being less curious about external stimuli, irritability and losing his temper, giving people a feeling of "uncharacteristic".