In recent years, occupational safety and health problems in China have been continuously concerned, with frequent industrial accidents. This has brought a serious negative impact on employees' work, life and physical and mental health, and also caused great losses to enterprises and society. Case work in the field of occupational safety and health is mainly to provide individual consulting services for employees' occupational safety and health needs and difficulties. Then, the following are case social work methods in the field of occupational safety and health. Welcome to read and browse.
Case background
Xiao Wu works in a leather shoes factory. As soon as he entered the workshop, he felt the smell was heavy, and he got used to it after a long time. After half a year, he felt weaker and weaker, and his face, hands and feet were swollen. He thought it was because he was too tired to work, and continued to work in the workshop until one day a month later, he suddenly fainted and was taken to the hospital. The medical expenses cost more than 8000 yuan. The leather shoes factory also fired him. Xiao Wu has been staying at home since he was discharged from the hospital. He is bloated and can't do heavy work. He is in a bad mood. Xiao Wu's friend introduced Xiao Wu's situation to the social worker, hoping that the social worker could help Xiao Wu.
Step one: Take this case.
After listening to Xiao Wu's friend's introduction, the social worker began to contact Xiao Wu. Through talking with Xiao Wu and interviewing his friends and neighbors, social workers learned the basic situation of Xiao Wu and the problem of asking for help.
Xiao Wu's family is in the countryside, with a junior high school education. He is 22 years old this year. In terms of health, before entering the leather shoes factory, I was in good health and had no record of serious illness; After working in the leather shoes factory for half a year, he was bloated and weak, and was diagnosed as occupational poisoning by the hospital. However, due to his inability to pay medical expenses, he was discharged from the hospital in advance without full recovery. Emotionally, because I can't do manual labor because I am sick, I am worried about my livelihood and often feel helpless. He wanted to ask for help, but he didn't know who to turn to, so he was depressed and gradually lost confidence in life. From the economic situation, his family has two acres of land, and the source of income mainly depends on working and farming, so the family income is low. Xiao Wu asked for help because he hoped to recover as soon as possible.
During the conversation, the social worker communicated with Xiao Wu with sincerity, acceptance, respect and understanding, which made him gradually turn to trust and talk to the social worker from the embarrassment and hesitation of strangers at first. He hoped to get help from social workers, and the two sides established a service relationship.
Step 2: Evaluate
In view of Xiao Wu's physical illness, social workers summarized the causes of the problem into the following three aspects through in-depth interviews and psycho-social treatment models.
One is physiological factors. Xiao Wu fell ill while working in a leather shoes factory and received initial treatment in the hospital. But he returned to China before he fully recovered, and he didn't do any treatment or rehabilitation training later. Because of family poverty, poor sanitation and lack of awareness of rehabilitation, Xiao Wu's body has never recovered.
The second is psychological factors. The suffering of illness made Xiao Wu unable to move, his self-care ability decreased, his negative emotions became more and more serious, and his physical function was further damaged. He has more needs and dependence on his living environment and family, but his family gives little support, which often makes him feel helpless and gradually loses confidence in life.
The third is family factors. Xiao Wu's family conditions are poor, his sister is at school and his parents are in poor health. Most of the source of family life depends on Xiao Wu's income from working. After Xiao Wu lost his financial resources, his family situation became worse. The family can't give him enough care, and the attitude towards his physical recovery is procrastination.
After clarifying the causes of the main problems, social workers sorted out the advantages and resources of intervention: first, social workers often contact the local occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital, which can contact the hospital's rehabilitation resources for Xiao Wu; Second, Xiao Wu has three close friends, which can be used as Xiao Wu's social support system; Third, free medical services in all parts of community health will help Xiao Wu.
Estimation is actually a comprehensive, in-depth and systematic analysis of the case owner's problems after receiving the case. At this stage, social workers should focus on two things: diagnosing the problem of the case owner and determining the resources of social workers. Social workers should understand what the case owner needs and what he can provide. Although the social worker will also be involved in the initial contact with the case owner for help, it will not go too far. Therefore, the understanding of the factors behind the case owner's help-seeking problem is carried out after the two parties establish a service relationship, which is also an estimation task. To accomplish this task, we can use in-depth interviews and combine relevant theories to analyze relevant information.
Step 3: Plan
According to the estimated situation, social workers plan to use community rehabilitation therapy to solve Xiao Wu's problem, and rely on Xiao Wu's own resources to build a rehabilitation system with community leaders, community groups, health workers, volunteers and Xiao Wu's family. At the same time, psychological rehabilitation therapy was adopted to intervene Xiao Wu psychologically from the biological-psychological-social perspective to improve his mental health level.
The specific goals and actions determined by social workers are: linking resources to help Xiao Wu contact the occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital so that he can get professional treatment; Accompany the professional rehabilitation teacher to identify Xiao Wu's condition and make a rehabilitation training plan; Carry out rehabilitation follow-up, assist Xiao Wu in rehabilitation training, give companionship and support to meet his psychological needs; Contact Xiao Wu's friends and family, let them strengthen contact with Xiao Wu, give guidance and encouragement, help Xiao Wu get out of the emotional trough faster and restore Xiao Wu's confidence.
Case work is an orderly and systematic process, and making a reasonable plan is one of them. A complete plan should include the objectives to be achieved by the service and the actions and intervention strategies to achieve the objectives. The goals set here will also be the basis for evaluation. The formulation of the plan should be comprehensive, reasonable and feasible, but the implementation plan should not be static and stick to the rules. Because it is impossible to predict all the real situations in advance, especially the case owners faced by social workers have subjective initiative, which requires timely changes according to the specific conditions in the implementation of the plan.
Step 4: Intervention
In the intervention stage, social workers mainly carry out three intervention activities according to the established plan.
The first is to link resources to solve Xiao Wu's physical problems. Social workers play the role of resource linkers, connecting medical rehabilitation resources for Xiao Wu to meet his rehabilitation needs. After contact, the social worker obtained the support of the Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, which promised to treat Xiao Wu and sent a special person to make a rehabilitation training plan for him.
Followed by rehabilitation and subsequent adjustment of Xiao Wu's mood. While assisting Xiao Wu in rehabilitation training, social workers have been paying attention to his emotional changes, giving timely encouragement and support, and guiding him out of depression in time. Accompanied by social workers, Xiao Wu has a strong sense of security, his emotions have been alleviated, and his attitude towards his own problems has become more positive and optimistic.
Finally, I chatted with Xiao Wu's friends and advised them to give Xiao Wu emotional support. At the same time, interview Xiao Wu's family, introduce the importance of rehabilitation to Xiao Wu, and let them support Xiao Wu. With the support of relatives and friends, Xiao Wu's mood and attitude have obviously changed. In addition, social workers also mobilized local community health workers and Xiao Wu's neighbors to provide support and help for Xiao Wu.
In order to make Xiao Wu recover better, social workers have taken various actions and used all resources. All resources need to be integrated to serve the case owner. Because the problems faced by the case owner seem to be single, they are actually influenced by many factors such as physiology, psychology and society. The emergence of the subject problem and the resources to solve the problem are inseparable from its environment. The case owner may not know it because he is in trouble, but the social worker should know it and help the case owner realize it clearly.
Generally speaking, when social workers intervene, they need to help the case owner to eliminate bad emotions, correct deviant behaviors, clarify extreme views, attitudes and ideas, support and encourage the case owner to affirm himself, carry out positive self-cognition, give play to his potential, adjust social relations, and help him seek social resources and improve the environment. At the same time, in the process of treatment and intervention, the treatment plan and strategy can be continuously evaluated, modified and supplemented. Intervention is a dynamic process, and social workers need to be flexible in handling specific situations. It should also be noted that although resources are provided by social workers, it does not mean that social workers are omnipotent dominators. If the social worker is too strong in the interaction with the case owner, it will lead to the conflict between the case owner. Social workers should negotiate, don't ask questions, guide, have empathy and take the case owner as the foundation, so that the case owner can actively cooperate and recover better.
Step 5: Evaluate and close the case.
After the intervention process, it is necessary to evaluate the case work to confirm the degree of service objectives, the degree of change of case owners and whether the service model is reasonable and effective. In this case, after the intervention of social workers, Xiao Wu's problem was finally solved and all aspects were obviously improved. Specifically, Xiao Wu recovered physically, was emotionally unstable, got emotional support, consolidated the social support system, and restored his confidence in life. This case has achieved the expected purpose.
Evaluation should be practical, but not limited to this. The function of evaluation is also that it is a kind of overall reflection, which is used to urge social workers to summarize their practice in time and accumulate experience for improving service level. After the assessment, the case can be closed. According to the specific circumstances, social workers can also continue to follow up and follow up services after closing the case.
Generally speaking, the case work is relatively complete and successful. But there are also some shortcomings. For example, social workers know little about rehabilitation knowledge, and they can't respond to some physiological and medical problems of the client in time during the company. This was unexpected before the intervention, which affected the mental state of the case owner to some extent. Social workers can learn more medical knowledge, so as to provide more direct and effective services for clients when providing similar case services in the future.
The field of occupational safety and health involves various problems, and the procedures and logic of case work for these problems are consistent, but the specific service content varies from person to person.
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