Before the opening, tell a story to the star parents: When Bao Xiao 1 1 month old, her mother noticed that her eyes were not looking at people and told her not to respond. Although she made some noises, she couldn't hear clearly at all.
Bao Xiao's mother remembers a newspaper report about early signs of autism a few days ago. By contrast, she felt that many of Bao Xiao's performances were similar, and she suspected that the child had autism.
A few days later, I took Bao Xiao to see a doctor. After careful observation, doctors also think that Bao Xiao is likely to have autism.
Next, like many star mothers who heard about their children's autism for the first time, this mother went through the process of denial-confusion-anger-guilt-pain-gradual acceptance. Fortunately, however, this process is not long.
In less than a month, my mother adjusted her mind and played intensive and interesting interactive games with Bao Xiao every day according to the doctor's instructions. She also invited a nearly two-year-old child from her hometown to play with Bao Xiao, so that a normal child could influence "abnormal children".
As time went by, half a year passed. When Bao Xiao 1 was one and a half years old, my mother found that Bao Xiao's eyes and interaction ability had improved obviously, and his language was still vague, but it had certain significance. Mother also arranged language therapy for Bao Xiaoan. It was six months later, Bao Xiao's language became clear, and all aspects were similar to those of normal children of the same age.
With the recovery of Bao Xiao, my mother thinks that Bao Xiao may have been misdiagnosed by doctors at 1 1 month.
However, on second thought, perhaps it was because of the doctor's misdiagnosis that Bao Xiao had the opportunity to carry out "normal rehabilitation training" in an "abnormal state" and eventually became a normal child.
In real life, there are indeed many precious mothers like Bao Xiao's. The child was diagnosed with autism by the hospital when he was a child, but he did not take the child for special education and rehabilitation. After a few years, many autistic behaviors of some children gradually decrease or even disappear. When I went to the hospital for reexamination, the doctor no longer said that it was autism.
Some older children have been looking for different doctors in different hospitals since childhood, but the diagnosis results are all-encompassing: autism, depression, developmental retardation, schizophrenia and so on.
It is understood that even autism will be mild, suspected, inclined, marginal or typical or atypical. All kinds of results make parents feel at a loss or at a loss, which is a misdiagnosis problem in the field of autism at present.
Combined with the practice of Bao Xiao's mother, some parents did not adjust their mentality at the first time, stubbornly did not take their children for early rehabilitation training, and some parents intervened in rehabilitation institutions for a long time under the concept of "the earlier the intervention, the better", but the effect was little.
Until the children get bigger and bigger, the gap becomes more and more obvious. Fear, anxiety and even despair seem to be exhausted and unable to support. ...
In fact, parents at this moment may seriously consider the problem that seemed to have been solved at first: Is the child really autistic?
There is another story.
Xiaoming is eighteen years old and his father is the manager of a company. When I was four years old, my family found that my child had some problems, so I went to a famous specialized hospital in Beijing and was finally diagnosed with autism.
Mom quit her job for him and took him on a long road to recovery. How did you survive the ABA training in the first three years? I dare not think about it now, and the results are few. Xiaoming can't go to school, and no school is willing to accept him. Finally, I was admitted to a school through my relationship, but the school required my mother to accompany me.
Two years passed, other children studied for two years, and Xiao Ming barely "mixed" with his mother for two years. The repetitive behavior and social difficulties of autism did not disappear completely because of two years of "studying in the same class", but Xiaoming and his mother were exhausted physically and mentally. In the third year, they really "can't get along" and finally transferred to a school with mental retardation.
This means giving up the hope and efforts of full recovery and making do until graduation. Xiaoming, who has nowhere to go, has been staying at home ever since. According to Xiao Ming's father, in recent years, children can do almost all the housework at home, and they especially like cooking. Cooking is OK, especially when they ride an electric car to a relative's house and there is no electricity on the road. He called his nearest relative according to his location and got a car to pick him up.
A similar situation is not unique. Parents are sometimes confused: autism is called a "star child", living in their own world and not communicating with others, but my child is not like this. Is Xiaoming autistic after all?
In fact, Xiao Ming is a typical case of identifying other developmental disorders as autism, superimposing wrong ABA training, and turning children into mental retardation.
There are still many "autistic children" who are suspected by doctors because they are not yet three years old and have no definite diagnosis. Before the age of three, some children went to a doctor for diagnosis, and some children were directly persuaded to go home by the doctor, because it was completely certain that they were not autistic. Give a suspected diagnosis, indicating that there are suspected ingredients in it, at least in the marginal area.
The misdiagnosis mentioned here is not a doctor's misjudgment, but with the child's growth, there is more sufficient evidence to judge that he belongs to a child who is not so close to autism. This progress was unpredictable and unpredictable by doctors at that time. He can only judge according to what he saw and heard at that time and parents' description based on the specific development stage of the child.
A child is a growing individual, different from an adult who has been stereotyped. Therefore, it is not easy to diagnose whether a child is temporarily backward due to developmental problems or incurable autism caused by fundamental genetic defects. Face-to-face diagnosis is definitely not 100% accurate, but there are few judgments that parents can refer to except authoritative diagnosis.
This leads to a kind of information asymmetry, and parents' anxiety and helplessness due to their full trust in hospitals and doctors.
Combined with the current development of diagnosis, treatment and information disclosure of autism in China, as well as the limitations of medical cognition of the cause, the constant change of the evaluation system, the limited evaluation time and the subjectivity of the evaluation itself, the diagnosis of autism is not always accurate, and a certain proportion of diagnosed children can "take off their hats" in the subsequent follow-up visit.
As a result, there has been a difficult problem that the medical community, especially the autism circle and celebrity parents have been asking for a long time: Is there really autism that has been misdiagnosed? What is the proportion of misdiagnosis of autism? What if it is really misdiagnosed? What happened to those autistic children who were misdiagnosed?
These questions and questions once troubled many families with autism, and also became a proposition that the medical profession could not fully answer.
It's unfortunate that there are autistic children at home. However, the misdiagnosed autistic family is like going from heaven to hell. This kind of pain is beyond the imagination and understanding of ordinary families.
From a cold to a fever to a variety of cancers, there will be misdiagnosis, not to mention the world problem of autism!
The key to the problem is the misdiagnosis rate, which is not authoritative at present. However, judging from the lack of cognition, rapid diagnosis process, radical diagnosis methods and feedback and doubts from many parents, the misdiagnosis rate may be higher than we thought.
Whether your child has been misdiagnosed, especially when two authoritative doctors disagree, can only be judged by parents themselves.
And parents' judgment is so insignificant that they are at a loss.
If you want to ask, why is it misdiagnosed?
Perhaps it can be traced back to the standards set by the United States, which is at the forefront in diagnostic standards and rehabilitation training. Autism can be defined as a child who meets the three manifestations of "repetitive stereotyped behavior", "social disorder" and "no language".
However, the cultural differences, ethnic differences and medical development between China and the United States all show that this diagnosis does not seem to be measured and judged by the same ruler.
In China, once any child with developmental disabilities is labeled as autism, it will bring great psychological trauma and mental and economic pressure to his family. Therefore, the standard academic expansion has a popular and institutional basis in the United States, but it is not suitable for China.
Another reason is the uncertainty of scale. A star dad said that when his child was 2 years old, he tested autism behavior scale (ABC), childhood autism rating scale (CARS), childhood autism checklist (CHAT) and other scales, and the scores were all above 30. Later, after more than a year of rehabilitation training, he made the same measurement and scored more than 60 points.
However, although the child has been undergoing rehabilitation training for more than a year, the symptoms have not improved significantly, but the scores of the evaluation scale are quite different.
Of course, it does not rule out that Star Dad's subjective thoughts dominate the changes when he fills in the scores. But the real reason is closely related to the formulation of the evaluation scale and the different evaluation standards between China and the United States.
In particular, the subjectivity of human beings and the subjectivity of babies before the age of 3 are closely related to the process of children adapting to strange environments and strangers, which has great uncertainty.
Therefore, in today's autism diagnosis field, missed diagnosis is extremely rare, but misdiagnosis is common. Once a child appears different from ordinary people, he would rather believe it than believe it.
For example, autistic children have "repetitive and stereotyped behaviors" and "social barriers". The root of misdiagnosis lies in the standards of these two articles.
We need to know why children keep repeating a behavior, and why they have limited interest in something or are exclusive and obsessed with it. In the process of growing up, children will understand all kinds of things from easy to complex, and at the same time, they will have behaviors corresponding to this thing, and children will get experience and fun from these things and behaviors. At the age of one, I can wave. At the age of two, I can use simple tools. At the age of three, I can learn to dance. At the age of five, I can build complex blocks.
But some children are over 1 year old when they are five years old, and they keep waving their hands, because they can't understand anything more complicated than waving their hands. Ritualization of greetings means that you can't understand the meaning of greetings and can't apply them to suitable scenes; Fear, timidity, dare not try, can't understand the possible advantages and disadvantages of a new thing. Children cannot get pleasure from complex behaviors and things.
Therefore, waving his hand has become the easiest way for him to have fun, and it will be repeated constantly; Ritual goodbye is the only action he knows to make when leaving others, and it will be ritualized; I don't understand the sound of electric drills and scissors.
The examples cited in international diagnostic standards actually point to a common sense: children's understanding is weak and their interests are bound to be narrow. Even normal children. Except for children with special talents in a certain aspect, those "stupid students" who can't learn a single subject no matter how to make up lessons are not enough to cope with in-class learning. How can they be interested in joining other extracurricular groups?
Second, social barriers. This is the social communication and social interaction that needs to be constantly displayed in various environments. Is it autism not to play with children?
To answer this question, we need to know why children don't play with children. Unlike adults who identify each other through wisdom, wealth, power or values, children only rely on physical, cognitive and linguistic abilities to identify each other. Without the intervention of adults, they will basically abide by the jungle law of the jungle. Children who are timid in early childhood are not accepted by the group because of their clumsy movements, weakness or language lag. They are usually ignored or laughed at by children in large classes and bullied in primary and secondary schools.
Conversely, these children themselves are unwilling and afraid to play with children of the same age who are more capable than themselves. It's like two people who are one year apart. The younger you are, the greater the difference. 2-year-old children can describe their feelings by looking at 3-year-old children, but the gap will become smaller with age. After puberty, the original cognitive gap is not obvious, and many so-called "autism behaviors" naturally disappear. This is the real reason why many children with mild disorders are diagnosed with autism tendency when they are young and automatically "take off their hats" when they grow up. It's not that these children were autistic when they were young, but they didn't. They were misdiagnosed.
All this points to another answer: none of these signs can be used as a basis for judging autism, and he is probably a normal child with some disabilities.
Zou Xiaobing, a well-known autism expert in China and director of the Children's Developmental Behavior Center of the Third Hospital of Sun Yat-sen, has repeatedly pointed out that developmental retardation is a big term, which includes autism, dyskinesia, mental retardation, social barriers and other developmental backwardness. If it's just language retardation or motor retardation, the problem is really smaller. However, if many fields such as intelligence, sports, language and social interaction are backward (which is very common), in fact, the problem may be more serious than autism and more difficult to recover.
Autism is a kind of developmental retardation (social developmental retardation). Relatively speaking, simple autism is only (social disorder), which is easier to intervene than multiple developmental retardation (referring to motor intelligence and language retardation). Symptomatic autism is a multiple developmental disorder, which is difficult to intervene.
For autism, the difficulty lies not in the problem of quick recovery, but in the idea that we are used to thinking that if we spend time teaching our children and they don't learn, we will give up, so we need to find experts and institutions. In fact, good experts and institutions are nothing more than being more confident, insisting on social center, insisting on strengthening behavior reward, and insisting on the combination of structured and random training. Parents should not think that they will be worse than experts. In fact, many parents have a high level and some institutions have a poor level.
Recognizing the relationship between developmental retardation and autism, the most important thing is to be clear. Should any developmental delay be intervened?
This does not mean that every child with autism is misdiagnosed, nor does it mean that all children with developmental retardation are autistic. Only in reality, due to the above reasons, there are really autistic children who have been misdiagnosed. However, when children have different problems from normal children of the same age, the best way is still to carry out early appropriate (appropriate is the best) rehabilitation training, rather than ignoring children or strengthening training because they think they have been misdiagnosed.
Like most types of stunting, early treatment is still the most effective method. Educational intervention can help children develop specific cognitive skills, and educators, special education teachers, rehabilitation trainers and parents can also take concrete and effective measures at home to help children grow up.
If your child has one or more stunts in infancy, don't deliberately hide it or wait for self-improvement. This is unscientific. The best way is to seek medical treatment in time, treat and intervene as soon as possible. The best intervention is in the natural environment of the family, not for the sake of intervention, which is not conducive to the healthy development of children.
Even if the child really has a serious delay, as long as parents adjust their mentality, are full of confidence and start treatment as soon as possible, the child can improve to the greatest extent and thus integrate into society.