How can altitude sickness be reduced?

1. People who enter the plateau area should have a comprehensive physical examination, and generally healthy people are more likely to adapt to the anoxic environment. Pregnant women and people with obvious diseases such as heart, lung, liver and kidney, patients with stage II hypertension, epilepsy, severe neurasthenia, active digestive tract ulcer and severe anemia are not allowed to enter the plateau area.

2. At ordinary times, we should strengthen physical exercise, step up and gradually adapt. According to domestic reports, the incidence of acute altitude sickness is 83.5% within 3 days after reaching 4200m from the plain, but only 52.7% within 7-65,438+05 days after reaching 4200m from 226 1m (P < 0.001).

3. Drug prevention. In order to prevent acute altitude sickness caused by hypoxia, drugs can be used appropriately. In recent years, it has been reported in China that carrying oxygen adaptation, that is, injecting 600-l200ml of oxygen into the waist the day before departure or the day before departure, is effective and is the first choice for people or military groups who rush into the plateau. For example, the effect of carrying oxygen and drugs to prevent acute altitude sickness is better, which can completely control people entering the plateau from getting sick, so it has better application value.

4. Those who enter the plateau for the first time should reduce physical labor, and then gradually increase the amount of labor according to the degree of adaptation. The working environment in plateau is mostly below 4000m, and its influence on working ability is 30-50% lower than that in plain. Therefore, the labor quota at high altitude (above 3500 meters) should be reduced accordingly. Pay attention to keep warm to prevent acute upper respiratory tract infection.

Qinghai Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control confirmed that high altitude hypoxia environment can increase the toxicity of carbon monoxide (C0) and aggravate the poisoning degree of people exposed to C0. The recommended hygienic standards for carbon monoxide in plateau anoxic environment are: 2000-3500m 20mg/m3, 3500m-4500m15mg/m3; HbCO at this concentration does not exceed 2.5%.

When you first enter the plateau, you should eat more carbohydrates, multivitamins and digestible food. High-carbohydrate food can provide glucose and enhance lung diffusion ability, so as to carry out heavy physical labor at plateau. No drinking. People with symptoms of mountain sickness should sleep in a semi-recumbent position to reduce right heart venous reflux and pulmonary capillary congestion.