1. Control the depth of the pond and raise the water temperature. The temperature changes frequently in spring. To control the depth of the pond, water should be injected in stages. Generally, water is added every 10 ~ 15d/time. The fish pond water in early spring can be controlled within 1m; At the end of spring, the pool water deepened to about1.5m; The water depth of shrimp and crab culture should be gradually deepened from 0.6m to1m. For some outdoor ponds, the old water in the pond should be drained first, and then new water should be gradually injected to gradually deepen to the normal water level of aquaculture.
2. Pay attention to pond disinfection and control diseases. Spring is the season of high incidence of diseases. With the increase of temperature, water temperature control is particularly important. Thorough disinfection of ponds is an indispensable and important link in aquaculture, which should be paid great attention to. In healthy aquaculture production, the commonly used disinfectant is quicklime.
3. Rational fertilization and water quality adjustment When the water temperature in the pond rises to 10℃, fertilization can be started in the fish and shrimp culture pond. It is best to apply some human and animal manure or a small amount of chemical fertilizer. The amount and frequency of fertilization should be determined according to the quality of pond water and fertilizer. The general principles are: a large amount in early spring and a small amount in late spring, so that the water color is brownish green, oily green or reddish brown, and the transparency of the water body is kept at about 30cm; If the water quality is light yellow or light green, and the water transparency is more than 40cm, topdressing should be done in time; If it is too thick, it should be washed, and the water quality should always be "fat, lively, tender and cool".
4. It often rains in aerobic spring, the air pressure is low, and the water body is easy to lack oxygen. At this time, the key points of water quality management are: ① Strengthen inspection, pay attention to whether there is floating head phenomenon in fish ponds, if there is floating head phenomenon, start the aerator in time for aeration, and add an aerator when floating head phenomenon is serious. ② Fish ponds should be replaced in time to replenish fresh water. ③ Depending on the deterioration of the bottom material of the fish pond, use "Dijingning" or microbial agents to improve the water quality and maintain a good water quality environment in the fish pond. Farmers often think that the pond will be short of oxygen from July to September, and the aerator is set in the late stage of the pond, which is risky, especially in high-yield ponds. ?
5. Prevent diseases, master the principle that prevention comes first, treatment is early, and prevention is more important than treatment, so as to avoid fish diseases as much as possible and ensure the healthy growth of aquaculture. Fish are prone to water mold, bacterial gill rot, enteritis and melon disease in spring. The common diseases of shrimp and crab are black gill disease, limb rot, crustacean disease, fiber disease and crab slave disease. Commonly used drugs for parasitic diseases include trichlorfon crystal, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, salt and so on. Bacterial diseases can be prevented and treated by drugs such as bleaching powder and quicklime. In addition, Chinese herbal medicines such as Euphorbia humifusa, maple leaf, garlic and gallnut are also good preventive drugs. However, it should be noted that drugs such as crystal trichlorfon should be banned in shrimp and crab ponds. Preventive measures should be taken as early as possible in spring to control the disease in the primary stage. At the same time, we should also pay attention to prevent the harm of natural enemies such as birds, rodents and water snakes to aquaculture.
In a word, only by doing a good job in spring aquaculture management can we effectively ensure the bumper harvest of aquaculture production throughout the year.