The main function of kidney is that kidney is one of the most important organs in our body. If the kidney is damaged, it will do more harm to the body, so we need to protect our kidneys and share their main functions for everyone.
The main function of the kidney is 1 (1) to secrete urine and expel metabolic wastes, poisons and drugs. The renal blood flow accounts for about 1/4 ~ 1/5 of the whole body blood flow, the glomerular filtrate produces about 120ml per minute, and the total filtrate volume in one day and night is about170 ~180 l. When the filtrate passes through renal tubules, 99% of it is reabsorbed, so the daily urine output of normal people is about 1500ml.
Glucose, amino acids, vitamins, peptides and a small amount of protein are almost completely recovered in the proximal convoluted tubule, while metabolites such as creatinine, urea and uric acid are partially absorbed or completely excreted after selection. Renal tubules can secrete and excrete drugs and poisons, such as phenol red, p-aminohippuric acid, penicillins and cephalosporins. If the drug is combined with protein, it can be excreted through glomerular filtration.
(2) regulating water and osmotic pressure in the body. The part that regulates the balance of water and osmotic pressure in human body is mainly in renal tubules. Proximal convoluted tubule is isotonic reabsorption, which is an important place to absorb Na+ and secrete H+. In the proximal convoluted tubule, glucose and amino acids are completely recovered, bicarbonate is recovered by 70% ~ 80%, and water and sodium are recovered by about 65% ~ 70%. The filtrate was further concentrated after entering the medullary loop, and about 25% sodium chloride and 15% water were reabsorbed. The distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule are impermeable to water, but can absorb some sodium salts, so the liquid remains hypotonic.
(3) Adjust the electrolyte concentration. Glomerular filtrate contains a variety of electrolytes. When it enters the renal tubule, most of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chlorine and phosphate ions are absorbed back. According to the needs of human body, the absorption amount is adjusted through neuroendocrine and body fluid factors.
(4) Adjust the acid-base balance.
(5) endocrine function. Endocrine hormones secreted by the kidney mainly include vasoactive hormones and renin, prostaglandin and kinin, which are involved in regulating the relaxation and contraction of blood vessels inside and outside the kidney. It can also produce 1, 25- dihydroxy vitamin D3 and erythropoietin.
In a word, the kidney can maintain the stability of the internal environment by excreting metabolic wastes, regulating body fluids and secreting endocrine hormones, so that metabolism can proceed normally.
The main function of the kidney is 2. Under normal circumstances, a healthy kidney can complete all the functions of both kidneys. Some people are born with only one kidney, while others choose to donate one. A kidney may also be seriously damaged by disease or trauma. Liu Hongliang, Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
The basic function of the kidney is to maintain a proper balance between water and minerals (including electrolytes) in the body. Other functions include filtering and excreting metabolic wastes of food, drugs and harmful substances (toxins); Regulate blood pressure; Secrete some hormones. The kidney can also regulate blood pressure and secrete certain hormones.
Water and electrolyte balance
The human body needs regular intake of water to maintain life. The metabolic process of food will also produce a certain amount of water. If the intake of water does not match the discharge of water, the water balance will be broken, and people will get sick and even die. Too much water in the body will dilute the electrolyte, and too little water will concentrate the electrolyte. The electrolyte of human body must be maintained in a certain concentration range. The kidneys regulate and help maintain the proper balance of water and electrolytes.
Blood enters the glomerulus under high pressure. Most of the liquid components in the blood are filtered through the pores of the glomerulus, leaving blood cells and most macromolecular substances, such as protein. The clear filtrate flows through Bowman's capsule and enters the proximal convoluted tubule connected with Bowman's capsule cavity.
In healthy adults, about 180 liters of fluid is filtered out to the renal tubules every day. Most water and electrolytes are reabsorbed by the kidneys; Only 1.5% ~ 2% of the urine produced is excreted. Other nephrons have different permeability to water, allowing more or less water to return to the blood circulation. This process is more complicated.
In the first part of the renal tubule (proximal convoluted tubule), most of the filtered substances such as sodium, water and glucose are reabsorbed and re-enter the blood. In the second part of the renal tubule (Henry ring), sodium, potassium and chlorine are pumped out; The remaining liquid is diluted. So the remaining liquid will be diluted more and more. The diluted liquid passes through the third part of the renal tubule (distal convoluted tubule), where sodium is further pumped out, and in exchange, potassium and acid are pumped in.
Small tubular fluids from several nephrons enter the collecting tube. In the collection tube, the liquid can be continuously diluted, or the water can be reabsorbed into the blood, so that the urine can be concentrated. The reabsorption of water is regulated by vasopressin (produced by pituitary gland) and other hormones. These hormones help to regulate renal function and control urine composition, thus maintaining the balance of water and electrolytes in the body.
Filtration and excretion
When the body metabolizes food, it will produce some wastes that need to be removed from the body. Metabolic wastes in protein are mainly excreted in the form of urea nitrogen. Urea nitrogen can freely enter the renal tubular fluid through the glomerulus without being reabsorbed, so it can directly enter the urine.
Other substances that the body does not need, including acid, toxins, drugs and other metabolites, are actively secreted into urine by renal tubular cells (urine therefore has its own special smell).
blood pressure regulation
Another function of the kidney is to regulate human blood pressure by excreting excessive sodium. If too little sodium is excreted, blood pressure will rise. The kidney also regulates blood pressure by producing an enzyme called renin. When the blood pressure is lower than the normal level, the kidney will secrete renin into the blood, which will activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, thus raising the blood pressure. The kidney also produces urotensin, which causes vasoconstriction and helps to raise blood pressure. Patients with renal failure have reduced ability to regulate blood pressure and are prone to hypertension.
Secretory hormone
By secreting hormones, the kidney also regulates other important functions, such as the production of red blood cells and the growth and maintenance of bones.
The hormone produced by the kidney is called erythropoietin, which can stimulate the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. Subsequently, red blood cells produced by bone marrow are released into the blood.
The growth and maintenance of healthy bones is a complex process, which depends on multiple organ systems, including kidneys. The kidney helps to regulate the levels of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for the health of bones. The kidney regulates the levels of calcium and phosphorus by converting inactive vitamin D (produced by the skin and also found in various foods) into active vitamin D (calcitriol).
The main function of the kidney is 3. The kidney has three main functions:
First, eliminate excess water in the body;
Second, discharge metabolic waste;
Third, it has certain endocrine function, mainly secreting erythropoietin.
First of all, the kidney is actually different from the kidney of traditional Chinese medicine. The kidney is a real excretory organ, and its main functions are as follows:
1, excrete excess water. People eat and drink water every day. Excess water will accumulate in the body and need to be excreted through the kidneys to maintain water balance in the body.
2, the kidney can help excrete toxins, and the human body will produce toxins in the process of metabolism, and toxins are generally excreted through the kidney.
3, endocrine function, endocrine function is mainly to secrete erythropoietin, erythropoietin can promote the development of red blood cells in bone marrow into red blood cells, can play an anti-anemia role.
The physiological functions of the kidney are as follows:
1, excrete metabolic waste in the body and produce urine.
The kidneys can excrete nitrogen-containing products such as urea, creatinine and creatine. Otherwise, these urea, creatinine and creatine accumulate in the body, causing poisoning and even uremia. The average daily urine output of normal people is 1500-2000ml.
2. Kidney regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance.
A large amount of acidic substances and a small amount of alkaline substances, as well as the metabolites of sugar, fat and protein in the human body, are released into the blood and then excreted through the kidneys.
3. The kidney has endocrine function.
Can secrete hormone active substances, such as renin, bradykinin, prostaglandin, erythropoietin.
Each of us should take good care of our kidneys, so as to make our bodies better and better. Pay attention to your diet at ordinary times and don't eat too much food that is easy to damage your health. You can eat sesame seeds, dog meat, mussels, walnuts, yam, medlar, Eucommia ulmoides, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, sea cucumber, pine nuts, cistanche deserticola, etc., and supplement more vitamins and nutrients.
You can also take Boqijian twice a day for a period of time, which can fundamentally supplement kidney nutrition. In addition, we should develop good living and eating habits, strengthen physical exercise and enhance physical endurance.