Article 2 of the Fire Protection Law clearly stipulates that the principle of "unified leadership of the government, supervision by departments according to law, overall responsibility of units and active participation of citizens" shall be implemented in fire protection work, and a socialized fire protection network shall be established and improved. It is the key link to realize social fire safety to establish fire safety organizations according to law and implement the responsibilities of personnel at all levels, departments and posts. Only by establishing an internal fire safety organization network, implementing the main responsibility of fire safety management, clarifying the responsibility system of fire safety, constantly improving the fire supervision and management of units, and enhancing the self-management ability of units according to law, can fire hazards be effectively controlled.
First, the fire safety organization
Fire laws and decrees. The Ministry of Public Security 6 1 stipulates that organs, organizations, enterprises, institutions and other units should establish fire safety organizations. Fire safety organization refers to the organization or department set up to realize the fire safety environment of the unit, which is the organizational form of internal fire management of the unit and the work network responsible for fire prevention and extinguishing of the unit. The establishment of fire safety organization is of great significance to firmly establish the subject consciousness and responsibility consciousness of unit fire control work and to the fire safety management of unit.
(1) Composition of fire safety organization
Fire safety organization is composed of fire safety committee or leading group for fire control work, centralized management department for fire control safety and other departments. Multi-property units or large enterprises should set up fire safety committees. The purpose of establishing a fire safety organization is to implement the fire policy of "putting prevention first and combining prevention with elimination", formulate scientific, reasonable and effective fire safety management systems and measures, implement the mechanisms of self-management, self-inspection, self-rectification and self-responsibility, do a good job in preventing fire accidents and risks, and ensure the fire safety of the unit.
(2) the responsibilities of the fire safety organization
1. Responsibilities of the Fire Safety Committee or the Leading Group for Fire Control Work
The fire safety committee or the leading group for fire control work is led by the main leaders (generally the person in charge of fire control safety of the unit), and is composed of the main persons in charge of the centralized fire control management department and other departments, and performs the following duties:
(1) Seriously implement the Fire Protection Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the administrative regulations and technical specifications of the state, industry and local governments on fire protection management;
(2) Drafting and distributing relevant fire-fighting documents of the unit, formulating relevant fire-fighting rules and regulations, and organizing and planning major fire-fighting activities;
(3) Supervise and guide the centralized fire management department and other departments to strengthen the construction of basic fire files and fire facilities, implement the responsibility system for fire prevention step by step, and promote the scientific, technical, legal and standardized fire management;
(four) to organize the professional training of full-time (part-time) fire management personnel of the unit, guide and encourage the employees of the unit to actively participate in fire control activities, and promote the training of fire control knowledge and skills;
(five) the organization of fire inspection and spot checks in key periods;
(6) Organize the investigation and rectification of major fire hazards;
(7) Be responsible for organizing the formulation, practice and improvement of fire emergency plans for key parts, and unify relevant fire control work standards according to the actual work;
(eight) support and cooperate with the daily fire management and supervision of the fire control institutions of public security organs, and assist the fire control institutions of public security organs in investigating and handling fire accidents and other tasks assigned by them.
2. Responsibilities of centralized management department of fire safety
Units shall, in combination with their own characteristics and actual work needs, set up or determine the centralized management functional departments for fire control work. The centralized management department of fire safety has the following responsibilities:
(1) According to the arrangement of the fire department of the public security organ and the actual situation of the unit, study and formulate the plan and implement it. Regularly or irregularly report to the competent leaders, leading groups and fire control institutions of public security organs of this unit;
(2) Responsible for handling the daily work assigned by the fire safety committee of the unit or the leading group of fire control work and the competent leader, and put forward corrective opinions in time if any violation of fire control laws is found. If it is not adopted, it can be reported to the unit fire safety Committee, the leading group for fire control work or the fire control institution of the local public security organ;
(3) Implement the fire prevention responsibility system step by step and the post fire prevention responsibility system, and implement the national fire laws and regulations and the fire prevention work of the unit;
(four) to carry out regular fire education, popularize fire knowledge, and organize the training of full-time (voluntary) fire brigades;
(5) often go deep into the unit to carry out fire inspection, and assist all departments to do a good job in rectification of fire hazards;
(6) Responsible for the distribution management, inspection, storage, maintenance and use of fire fighting equipment;
(7) Assist the leaders and relevant departments to deal with the fire accidents of the unit system, register each fire accident in detail, and analyze the fire fighting situation of the unit regularly;
(8) Strictly manage the use of fire and electricity, implement the examination and approval system for hot work application, arrange special personnel to supervise and guide on site, and follow the work;
(9) Establish and improve fire fighting archives;
(10) Take an active part in various safety work meetings organized by the fire department, keep records, and report relevant information to the person in charge of fire safety and the unit manager after the meeting.
3. Fire safety responsibilities of other departments
Other departments should establish and improve their own fire management regulations, procedures, methods and measures in accordance with the division of labor, be responsible for the daily fire safety management within the department, and form a top-down fire management system with first-level attention and first-level responsibility.
(1) The subordinate departments are responsible to the superior departments, and the superior departments should sign fire safety responsibility letters and fire safety management commitment letters with the subordinate departments directly under them according to their responsibilities;
(2) Make clear the responsibilities of the fire control work of the personnel in this department and each post, and truly assume the responsibilities of fire control safety that are suitable for this department and this post, so that the division of labor is reasonable and the responsibilities are clear, and each person carries out his own duties and responsibilities;
(3) Cooperate with the centralized department of fire safety management and full-time (part-time) firefighters to carry out daily fire inspection, monthly fire inspection and other fire safety work within the scope of their duties, sign relevant inspection records, and timely implement rectification measures and preventive measures for fire hazards;
(4) Designate a person with strong sense of responsibility and working ability as the fire safety officer of this department, who is responsible for keeping and inspecting all kinds of fire control facilities within the jurisdiction of this department, and report to the head of fire control safety of this department and the centralized management department of fire control safety in time after failure, and coordinate and solve related matters;
(5) Be responsible for supervising, inspecting and implementing the implementation and enforcement of the fire safety system related to the work of this department;
(6) Actively organize employees of this department to participate in fire protection knowledge education and fire emergency evacuation drills to improve fire safety awareness;
(7) In case of fire or other emergency, perform duties according to the provisions of fire emergency evacuation plan and division of labor.
Second, the fire safety responsibilities
Articles 16 and 17 of the Fire Protection Law stipulate the fire safety responsibilities that units should perform, and the Ministry of Public Security's Order 6 1 requires that units should implement the fire safety responsibility system step by step and the post fire safety responsibility system, clarify the fire safety responsibilities step by step and post by post, determine the fire safety responsible persons at all levels and posts, be responsible for the fire safety at their own levels and positions, and implement the fire safety responsibilities at all levels.
(A) unit fire safety responsibilities
It is not the fire department of the government or the public security organ that plays a decisive role in the fire control work of the unit, but the unit itself. On the one hand, "Fire Law" determines from the legal point of view that "the subject of fire safety responsibility of social units is the unit itself"; On the other hand, fire hazards are dynamic, and it is impossible for the government and regulatory authorities to stare at them 24 hours a day. If the front foot inspection is qualified, the rear foot unit will operate illegally: smoking in a place where smoking is not allowed, hot work in a place where it is not allowed, locking in a place where it is not allowed, and other factors may cause a fire at any time. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the subject consciousness of unit fire safety responsibility ideologically and legally.
1. Management responsibilities
(1) Implement the fire safety responsibility system, formulate the fire safety system and fire safety operation procedures of the unit, and formulate fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans; The implementation of fire safety responsibility system is the concrete embodiment of the basic system of "implementing fire safety responsibility system" stipulated in Article 2 of the Fire Protection Law. As far as the unit is concerned, only by establishing a top-down "chain" of fire safety responsibilities within the unit can we ensure that the fire safety responsibilities of the unit are interlocking and implemented layer by layer. For detailed information about the unit fire safety system, please refer to the third section of this chapter;
(2) Configure fire-fighting facilities and equipment according to national standards and industry standards, set up fire safety signs, and organize regular inspection and maintenance to ensure that they are in good condition and effective: First, all units should configure fire-fighting facilities and equipment according to national standards and industry standards, and set up fire safety signs; Second, the unit should regularly organize whether the fire control facilities, equipment and signs can prevent fires, put out initial fires, control the spread of fires and protect personnel from evacuation. The key lies in daily inspection and maintenance to ensure that it is in a good and effective state;
(three) the building fire control facilities shall be comprehensively inspected at least once a year to ensure that they are in good condition and effective, and the inspection records are complete and accurate and filed for future reference;
(four) to ensure that the evacuation routes, safety exits and fire engines are unblocked, and to ensure that the fire prevention and smoke prevention zones and fire prevention intervals meet the technical standards for fire control;
(5) Organize fire prevention inspection to eliminate fire hazards in time; The unit shall promptly eliminate the fire hazards found in the inspection. Before the fire hazards are eliminated, the unit shall implement preventive measures to ensure fire safety;
(6) Organize targeted fire drills; The unit shall carry out practical operation drills according to the plan, enhance the fire safety awareness of relevant personnel of the unit, and be familiar with the location and usage of fire control facilities and equipment, which is also conducive to finding problems in time and improving the plan;
(seven) other fire safety duties as prescribed by laws and regulations.
2. Organize fire fighting and cooperate with fire investigation.
(1) In case of fire, the unit shall immediately implement the fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan to ensure timely alarm and evacuation;
(2) Any unit shall provide convenience for fire alarm free of charge and shall not block the alarm. Units shall provide convenient conditions for fire control institutions of public security organs to rescue personnel and put out fires;
(3) After the fire is put out, the unit and relevant personnel who have a fire shall protect the scene according to the requirements of the fire control institution of the public security organ, accept the accident investigation, truthfully provide the fire situation, assist the fire control institution of the public security organ in investigating the cause of the fire, verify the fire loss and find out the fire responsibility;
(4) Without the consent of the fire department of the public security organ, the fire scene shall not be cleaned without authorization.
3 in accordance with the provisions of national laws and regulations to improve the fire administrative licensing or filing duties.
As the overall responsible party of the project construction, this unit undertakes to apply to the fire control institution of the public security organ for fire control design review, fire control acceptance or filing of the construction project and accept supervision and inspection, and the design, construction and project supervision unit is responsible for implementing fire control laws and regulations and national fire control technical standards. Before the public gathering place is put into use or business, the construction unit or the user unit shall apply to the fire department of the public security organ of the local people's government at or above the county level for fire safety inspection. Only after passing the fire safety inspection can it be used or opened.
4. Responsibilities of key units of fire safety
In addition to the overall responsibility of the person in charge of fire safety for the fire safety work of the unit, the key unit of fire safety shall also designate a fire safety manager and report the unit information to the fire control institution of the public security organ of the local people's government at or above the county level for the record. At the same time, perform the following fire safety duties:
(1) Determine the fire safety administrator and organize the implementation of the fire safety management of the unit;
(2) Establish fire protection files, determine the key parts of fire safety, set fire prevention signs and implement strict management;
(3) Carry out daily fire inspection and establish inspection records;
(4) Conduct pre-job fire safety training for employees, and organize regular fire safety training and fire drills; Conduct drills every six months to continuously improve the plan.
(2) Responsibilities of all kinds of personnel
Fire safety organization personnel are basically divided into fire safety responsible persons, fire safety management personnel, full-time (part-time) fire management personnel, automatic fire control system operators, department fire safety leaders, etc. According to the actual needs, the unit can set up a volunteer fire brigade composed of internal personnel, regularly organize material use training and guide employees to evacuate drills, play its role in fire inspection and fire propaganda, and improve the self-defense and self-rescue ability of the unit.
1. Responsibilities of the person in charge of fire safety
The legal representative of a legal entity or the principal responsible person of an unincorporated entity is the "first responsible person" of a social unit, which mainly refers to the first responsible person in fire safety work and the first responsible person in accident investigation order. First of all, as the legal representative of a legal entity, he is the person in charge who exercises his functions and powers according to the law or articles of association, and bears administrative or criminal responsibility for the illegal acts of the legal entity. Secondly, according to the law of "unity of responsibility and rights", units that exercise their functions and powers independently also have obligations that must be independently undertaken. As the first person in charge of the unit, the main person in charge of the unit naturally bears the first responsibility for fire safety. Third, from a practical point of view, although all units have functional departments in charge of leadership and responsibility, they only work under the authorization of the main person in charge and are only responsible for the main person in charge, and it is inevitable that money will be used in fire management. The main person in charge has the final say in solving the problem.
Because the legal representative or principal responsible person of the unit is in an important position as the decision-maker and commander, it is necessary to make it clear that the legal representative or principal responsible person of the unit is the person responsible for fire safety and is fully responsible for the fire safety work of the unit. Whether the person in charge of fire safety attaches importance to fire safety is of great significance to the fire safety of this unit. The person in charge of fire control safety must conscientiously implement fire control laws and regulations, ensure that fire control safety conforms to the regulations, master the fire control safety situation of the unit, incorporate fire control safety work into the overall decision-making and arrangement of the unit, and carry out and develop synchronously with production, operation, management and scientific research.
The person in charge of fire safety shall perform the following duties:
(1) Implement fire laws and regulations, ensure that the fire safety of the unit meets the requirements, and master the fire safety situation of the unit;
(two) to coordinate the fire control work with the production, scientific research, operation and management activities of the unit, and to approve the implementation of the annual fire control work plan;
(three) to provide the necessary funds and organizational guarantee for the fire safety of this unit;
(four) to determine the responsibility for fire safety step by step, and to approve the implementation of the fire safety system and the operating rules for ensuring fire safety;
(five) the organization of fire inspection, supervise and urge the implementation of fire hazards rectification, timely handling of major issues involving fire safety;
(six) in accordance with the provisions of fire laws and regulations, the establishment of full-time fire brigade and voluntary fire brigade;
(7) Organize the formulation of fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans in line with the actual situation of the unit, and implement drills.
2. The responsibilities of the fire safety manager
Fire safety administrator refers to a person who has certain leadership positions and powers in the unit, entrusted by the person in charge of fire safety, who is specifically responsible for managing the fire safety work of the unit and is responsible to the person in charge of fire safety. The key units of fire safety are generally large in scale, and the main responsible persons of most units cannot do it themselves. In order to ensure the fire safety work, the unit shall determine the fire safety administrator to implement and organize the fire safety work of the unit as a necessary supplement to the fire safety responsibility system. The fire safety administrator shall perform the following fire safety duties:
(1) Draw up the annual fire control work plan and organize the implementation of daily fire control safety management;
(two) to organize the formulation of fire safety systems and operating procedures to ensure fire safety, and to inspect and supervise the implementation;
(three) to draw up the capital investment and organizational guarantee scheme for fire safety work;
(4) Organize the implementation of fire prevention inspection and rectification of fire hazards;
(five) to organize the implementation of the maintenance of the fire control facilities, equipment and fire safety signs of the unit, to ensure that they are in good condition and effective, and to ensure the smooth evacuation routes and safety exits;
(6) Organizing and managing full-time fire brigades and volunteer fire brigades;
(7) Organize the publicity, education and training of employees' fire fighting knowledge and skills, and organize the implementation and drills of fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans;
(eight) to complete other fire safety management work entrusted by the person in charge of fire safety in this unit.
The fire safety administrator shall regularly report the fire safety situation to the person in charge of fire safety, and timely report the major issues related to fire safety. If the fire safety manager is not determined, the person in charge of fire safety of the unit shall implement the designated fire safety management.
3. Responsibilities of full-time (part-time) fire management personnel
Full-time (part-time) fire safety management personnel are an important force to do a good job in fire safety. Conduct fire safety management under the leadership of the person in charge of fire safety and the fire safety management personnel, and perform the following fire safety duties:
(1) Master the fire laws and regulations, understand the fire safety status of the unit, and report to the superior in time;
(2) Determine the key units of fire safety, and put forward suggestions on implementing fire safety management measures;
(3) Carry out daily fire inspection and patrol, discover fire hazards in time, and implement rectification measures for fire hazards;
(4) Manage and maintain fire-fighting facilities, equipment and fire safety signs;
(5) Organize fire prevention publicity and educate and train all employees;
(6) Formulate fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans and organize drills;
(7) Record the development of fire control work and improve the fire control files;
(8) Complete other fire safety management work.
4. Responsibilities of operators of automatic fire fighting system
Operators of automatic fire fighting systems, including the personnel on duty in the fire control room of the unit and the management and maintenance personnel of automatic fire fighting facilities such as gas fire fighting systems, shall perform the following duties:
(1) Operators of automatic fire fighting system must hold relevant certificates and master the functions and operating procedures of automatic fire fighting system;
(2) Test the functions of main fire-fighting facilities every day, and find faults should be eliminated within 24 hours, and those that cannot be eliminated should be reported step by step;
(3) Verify and confirm the alarm information, and promptly eliminate false positives and general faults;
(4) In case of fire, according to the fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan, give an alarm in time and start relevant fire control facilities.
5. Responsibilities of the person in charge of fire safety in the department
The main person in charge of the department is the person in charge of fire safety of the department and is responsible for the fire safety work of the department. He should take the lead in urging the employees of this department to abide by various fire safety laws and regulations and various fire safety management systems, and actively learn fire safety knowledge through various means. Shall perform the following duties:
(1) Organize the implementation of the fire safety management work plan of this department;
(2) according to the actual situation of the department to carry out fire safety education and training, formulate fire safety management system, implement fire safety measures;
(three) to carry out fire safety inspection and regular inspection in accordance with the provisions, manage the key parts of fire safety, and maintain the fire control facilities within the jurisdiction;
(4) Find and eliminate fire hazards in time; if they cannot be eliminated, take corresponding measures and report to the fire safety manager in time;
(5) If a fire is found, call the police in time, and organize personnel evacuation and initial fire fighting.
6. Responsibility of volunteer firefighters
Volunteer firemen are employees of this unit, who regularly organize training, assessment and emergency evacuation drills, and are the main firefighting force in case of fire in this unit.
(1) Be familiar with the fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan of the unit and the division of responsibilities of the volunteer fire brigade;
(2) Participate in fire fighting business training and fire fighting and emergency evacuation drills, understand fire fighting knowledge, master fire fighting and evacuation skills, and use materials and fire fighting facilities;
(3) Do a good job in the daily fire safety work of this department and this post, publicize the common sense of fire safety, urge others to abide by it, and carry out mass self-defense and self-help work;
(4) When a fire breaks out, you must immediately rush to the scene, obey the on-site command, and actively participate in fire fighting, personnel evacuation, rescue the wounded, and protect the scene.
7. General employee responsibilities
(1) Define their respective fire safety responsibilities, and earnestly implement the fire safety system and fire safety operation procedures of the unit. Maintain fire safety and prevent fire;
(2) Protect the fire-fighting facilities and equipment to ensure the smooth fire-fighting passage;
(3) If a fire is found, call the police in time;
(4) Participate in organized fire fighting;
(five) after the fire broke out, the on-site staff in public places should immediately organize and guide the personnel present to evacuate safely;
(6) Accept the fire safety training organized by the unit, and learn about the fire danger, fire prevention measures, fire extinguishing methods and escape methods at the fire site; Will report the fire, will use materials and put out the initial fire, will escape and save themselves.
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