First, ask about the medical history for the first time. Doctors will ask and understand the general situation of pregnant women in detail, including age, occupation, menstrual history, past history, genetic disease history and so on. If you are a multipara, you should also know the previous delivery situation, including the history of dystocia, stillbirth, delivery mode, postpartum recovery and so on. Some pregnant women are impatient with these medical history inquiries, and feel that these situations have nothing to do with their pregnancy, so they will perfunctory things without careful confirmation. In fact, asking the medical history can help us to know whether the pregnant woman is a high-risk pregnancy, and can also preliminarily judge whether the fetus will have hereditary diseases, so as to provide a basis for future testing. Pregnant women should not underestimate and actively cooperate with doctors.
Second, B-ultrasound examination can generally go to the hospital for B-ultrasound about 45 days of pregnancy to determine whether it is intrauterine or ectopic pregnancy. Mainly through color Doppler ultrasound diagnosis. If gestational sac is not found in uterine cavity, but gestational sac is found in fallopian tube, ovary and cervix, ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed. Conversely, if the gestational sac is found in the uterine cavity, intrauterine pregnancy can be diagnosed. Secondly, the level of chorionic gonadotropin in intrauterine pregnant women is greatly increased and doubled the next day, while the level of chorionic gonadotropin in ectopic pregnancy is generally lower than that in intrauterine pregnancy. Therefore, this value can also be used as an auxiliary index to diagnose ectopic pregnancy. It is suggested that patients diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy terminate their pregnancy in time to avoid massive bleeding. Check again after 6-8 weeks to confirm the development of the fetus and whether there is fetal heart germ.
Screening of deformed children 1. If you do NT screening alone, you don't need an empty stomach. 1 1~ 13(+6 days) weeks is enough. NT screening is only a screening method in prenatal examination, not the final diagnosis. If your NT value is greater than 3mm during prenatal examination, it does not mean that there must be something wrong with the fetus. Down's screening, if the risk of Down's syndrome is high, it is recommended to puncture DNA or amniotic fluid directly in the later stage.
2. Menopause lasts about 20-24 weeks. During this period, the development of fetal organs was basically perfect, and the depth of sheep pond was just right. Four-dimensional color ultrasound is the full name of four-dimensional color ultrasound diagnostic instrument, which is the most advanced color ultrasound equipment in the world. Four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound is a four-dimensional imaging technology, which can display human organs intuitively and stereoscopically, and observe the three-dimensional structure dynamically and in real time, while the previous two-dimensional imaging technology can only display a certain section of human organs. In obstetrics and gynecology, four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound can examine the fetus, display the color, face and development of various organs of the fetus in a three-dimensional way, and even clearly observe the dynamics of the fetus in the mother. Congenital deformities such as cleft lip and palate, limb dysplasia, meningocele, spina bifida, gastroschisis, etc. It can be accurately detected, and fetal cardiovascular malformation can also be diagnosed early, so four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound is a large-scale abnormal examination during pregnancy.
Fourth, the regular routine examination in the later period has passed through customs clearance at different levels, and the fetus has been basically stable. The third trimester is after 28 weeks of pregnancy. The routine examination of prenatal examination includes pregnant women's blood pressure, weight, fundus height, fetal heart rate and fetal position. Items that must be checked include blood routine, urine routine, prenatal ultrasound examination and fetal heart monitoring once a week after 37 weeks of pregnancy. Some pregnant women need to be screened for group B streptococcus between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. From 32 weeks to 34 weeks of pregnancy, serum bile acid of liver function should be tested to rule out intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, especially for pregnant women with itching symptoms. Specific to the physical condition of each pregnant woman and the guidance of the doctor.
From the beginning of the whole pregnancy, that is, from pregnancy to delivery, it is often called prenatal examination. Monitor the health status of pregnant women and fetal growth and development, make delivery plans and give prenatal guidance.