1, soil pond cultivation
Generally, the pond area is about 1 mu, and the water depth is 2m. There are about 3 cm mandarin fish summer flowers per mu 1 0,000.
(1) Feeding culture method: Feeding fish according to the daily intake (or daily intake mantissa) of Siniperca chuatsi. In summer, the density of Siniperca chuatsi can be higher by this culture method, generally 6,543,800+0.2 million fish per mu. Before stocking, the pond should be disinfected with quicklime, and a filter plate should be set when the water enters to prevent fierce fish from entering. The summer flower of Siniperca chuatsi just entered the pond, and the water level is shallow, preferably 60 cm. In the future, with the increase of individuals, the water level will gradually rise to about 1.5 meters. When baiting fish, it is necessary to locate them regularly. During the 3-6 cm period of Siniperca chuatsi fry, the feeding amount of bait Yu Ri is calculated as 4-8 per Siniperca chuatsi, and the body length of bait fish should not exceed 55-60% of the body length of Siniperca chuatsi; After 6 cm, 4-5 bait fish are fed every day, and the body length of the bait fish does not exceed 50-55% of the body length of the mandarin fish. After 7 days in the pond, the mixture of 0.7PPM copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5: 2) was sprayed 1 time in the whole pond, mainly to control rotifers and whipworms.
(2) Intercropping culture method: it means to cultivate palatable bait fish before stocking summer flowers of Siniperca chuatsi, and then stock fry of Siniperca chuatsi, so that the Siniperca chuatsi and bait fish can grow in the same pond. In this way, 0.8- 1 10,000 mandarin fish of 3 cm per mu are generally stocked, and the stocking amount of bait fish per mu is about 700,000, and the body length of bait fish is strictly controlled not to exceed 55-60% of mandarin fish. This cultivation method should pay attention to water quality management. The water level is 60 cm at the initial stage of stocking, and water is injected every three days after stocking, and the water injection amount is about 25 cm each time. Finally, keep the pool water at 1.5- 1.8m ... same as above for disease prevention.
2. Cage culture
The cage covers an area of 2-6 square meters, and its length, width and height are 2m× 1m× 1m or 2m× 2m× 1m or 3m× 2m× 1m respectively. The cage is fixed in a pond with good water quality or swung outdoors with bamboo and wood, and the cage mouth is open, 20 meters above the water surface. The cage is made of 40 mesh nylon net, and the stocking density is generally 400-800 pieces per square meter. After 7- 15 days, a large-sized mandarin fish variety of 6-8 cm was cultivated. In aquaculture management, it is necessary to wash and change boxes frequently to keep the water fresh and the dissolved oxygen sufficient. The method and quantity of baited fish are the same as those in the earthen pond. Disease prevention can be washed with 3PPM copper sulfate or 3% salt solution, every 2 days before 4.5 cm 1 time, and every 3 days 1 time above 4.6 cm.
Attention should be paid to the following problems: (1) Soak the summer flower of Siniperca chuatsi with 3PPM copper sulfate or 3% salt solution for 5- 10 minute. (2) During the breeding process, oxygen-increasing equipment should be equipped, and oxygen should be increased immediately when the floating head is found. (3) Regularly check the feeding growth of Siniperca chuatsi species and the fluctuation of bait fish every morning and afternoon, and then supplement the number of bait fish and adjust the specifications.
cultivation techniques
Adult mandarin fish culture is to raise 3 cm mandarin fish fry or 6-8 cm fish species into about 500 grams of commercial fish. This process takes about 180 days. The length of feeding time depends on whether the bait fish is adequate and palatable, whether the water quality is good and whether the management is proper. At present, the main ways of aquaculture are pond culture, mixed culture in adult fish ponds (small reservoirs) and cage culture.
1, mandarin fish are mainly raised in ponds.
(1) pond conditions: the bottom of the pond is required to be hard, with little silt, close to the water source, convenient for irrigation and drainage, without the inflow of domestic and industrial sewage, and the pond area without bait fish should not be too large, generally 1-3 mu. With bait fish ponds, the area is 2-5 mu. Before stocking, the pond should be cleaned and disinfected by conventional methods to kill various diseases and pathogens. After water injection, 0.7PPM mixed solution of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5: 2) was sprayed on the whole pond at 65438+ 0-2 days after the larvae of Siniperca chuatsi entered tang qian, so as to kill parasites in the water and improve the survival rate of Siniperca chuatsi (especially summer flowers).
(2) Disinfection of fry and bait fish: Soak the stocked fry and captive fish in 3PPM copper sulfate solution, 3% salt solution or 20PPM potassium permanganate solution for 5-65438 00 minutes, and disinfect the bait fish fed regularly in this way to prevent pathogens from being brought into the culture pond from the stocked fry and bait fish.
(3) Stocking methods: There are three commonly used stocking methods at present:
(1) Directly release 3 cm mandarin fish. The first anniversary of local mandarin fish summer flower culture as a commercial fish, Guangdong mandarin fish summer flower can be listed that year. The stocking density is about 2000 fish per mu, and the culture method in the early stage is the same as that in the soil pond, and the bait fish is the main one in the later stage. This method is simple and saves labor and pond, but the survival rate is generally only 50% because of the small size of the fish, and the grasp is poor.
(2) stocking 6-8 cm big mandarin fish. This method is suitable for large-scale farmers, generally per mu 1000- 1200. Its advantages are high survival rate, generally 85-90%, and high production guarantee rate.
(3) Stocking annual Siniperca chuatsi fingerlings, with the specification of 50-100g/fish, with about 500 fish per mu. The stocking specifications are basically the same. About 200 flowers, silver carp and 200 old crucian carp should be raised per mu, and grass carp, herring and carp should not be raised. Small fish species bought in winter should be kept in ponds temporarily.
(4) Feeding method: The sources of feed fish for feeding Siniperca chuatsi are artificial feeding and wild fish collection. The requirements for bait fish are: first, live fish, second, palatable size, third, no hard thorns, fourth, timely supply, and try to meet the above requirements to achieve good results.