Items and timetable of neonatal physical examination
Newborns have three physical examinations, the first at birth, the second on the 28th day and the third on the 42nd day. These three physical examinations are very important for newborn babies. If the pregnant mother has abnormal conditions before delivery or the newborn has unexpected reaction after returning home, additional targeted physical examination should be carried out.
First physical examination
Examination time: the baby is just born, and the baby 1 month.
Physical examination items: skin color and other parts of the body, heart rate, reaction after stimulation, muscle tension and breathing.
Tips: This is the first examination after the baby is born, usually immediately after birth. If you find that your baby is abnormal, you can treat it as soon as possible.
Check items:
Check all parts of the body, such as skin color, to see if the baby's skin color is rosy and prevent serious diseases. It is normal to be ruddy all over. Heart rate The number of times the heart beats in a certain period of time, that is, the speed of the heart beating in a certain period of time. Strong heartbeat, more than 0/00 beats per minute/kloc-is healthy. Reaction after stimulation Check whether the baby has normal physiological reflex. It is normal to cry and be sensitive. Muscle tension Muscle tension is the basis of maintaining various postures and normal exercise. The baby's activities are normal and the muscle tension is normal. Breathing can reflect a person's respiratory function and health status to a certain extent, and it is one of the commonly used methods to measure respiratory work. It is normal to breathe well and cry loudly. Interpretation of key projects:
Muscle tension: Muscle tension is the tension in a static state, which is manifested by the small and continuous involuntary contraction of muscle tissue. Clinically, the degree of muscle tension is judged by the resistance felt by passively moving limbs or pressing muscles. No matter what type of cerebral palsy, almost all symptoms are caused by muscle tension, and abnormal muscle tension is an important factor leading to various types of cerebral palsy.
Second physical examination
Examination time: 28 days after birth, baby 1 month.
Physical examination items: Measure the height and weight, head, eyes, ears, neck, chest, breathing frequency, dyspnea, abdomen and origin, hip, spina bifida, genital and anal malformations, whether the testicles of the baby boy descend to scrotum and multi-fingers (toes) of limbs, and whether the thighs are flat.
Tips: Full moon physical examination is particularly important. At this time, you should apply for a planned immunization card for your baby to ensure that you can vaccinate your baby in time.
Check items:
Check the project and explain the project indicators. Measuring height and weight is an important index to reflect the baby's recent nutritional status and evaluate growth and development. Height is the most suitable indicator to reflect the baby's long-term nutritional status and bone development. Full-term newborns are 47-53 cm tall and weigh more than 2,550 g, with an average of about 3,000 g. The head reflects the development of the baby's brain and skull, and the brain capacity is also an important indicator to evaluate the baby's growth and development. ? Eye assessment of the baby's chest and lung development, as well as the development of chest and back muscles and subcutaneous fat. ? Observe whether the baby's ears are inflamed. ? Chest: Observe whether both sides of the chest are symmetrical or not, and whether there is any bulge. ? Respiratory frequency can reflect a person's respiratory function and health status to a certain extent, and it is one of the commonly used methods to measure respiratory work. The neonatal respiratory rate can reach 44 times per minute. Whether the hip skin is smooth, pay attention to whether there is spina bifida. ? Observe whether the genitals and anus are abnormal and whether the baby's testicles descend to the scrotum. ? Whether there are multiple fingers or double fingers (toes) on the limbs, and whether the thighs can be flat. ? Interpretation of key projects:
Breathing frequency: Breathing is a necessary process for gas exchange between the internal and external environment of human body. Through breathing, the human body inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide, thus maintaining normal physiological functions.
Third physical examination
Examination time: 42 days after the baby is born, and the baby is 2 months old.
Physical examination items: weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference and developmental intelligence evaluation.
Tips: The 42-day physical examination is of great significance to the newborn baby, because it is the first time for him to go to the hospital for physical examination after discharge, and it is also the beginning of monitoring his growth and development.
Check items:
Check the project and explain the project indicators. Measuring height and weight is an important index to reflect the baby's recent nutritional status and evaluate growth and development. Height is the most suitable indicator to reflect the baby's long-term nutritional status and bone development. Full-term newborns are 47-53 cm tall and weigh more than 2550g, with an average of about 3000 g. The head circumference reflects the development of the baby's brain and skull, and the size of brain capacity is also an important indicator to evaluate the baby's growth and development. ? Chest circumference: Observe whether both sides of the chest are symmetrical and convex. ? Evaluation of developmental intelligence: test the baby's vertical head by sitting and holding vertically, evaluate the baby's grip strength for toys, test the baby's follow-up with animation cards or toys, test the baby's hearing with bells, and ask parents about the baby's language development. ? Interpretation of key projects:
Evaluation of developmental intelligence: General doctors will test the baby's vertical head by sitting and holding vertically, evaluate the baby's hand grip for toys, test the baby's follow-up with mobile cards or toys, test the baby's hearing with bells, and ask parents about the baby's language development. If in doubt, the baby's intellectual development will be further evaluated through neurobehavioral tests. For infants with mental retardation, corresponding intervention measures can be taken in time for early rehabilitation.
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BB Physical Examination Timetable BB Physical Examination Four Points for Attention in Newborn Physical Examination
The environment must be warm, bright and clean for the newborn to have a physical examination. Medical staff should wash their hands, keep warm and wear masks when necessary before examination; Check the movements gently and quickly, and try to check some items that need to be checked when the baby is quiet before crying.
Q: What are the physical examination items for newborns?
A: 1. Observe all parts of the body: carefully observe all parts of the baby's body from head to toe.
2, listen to the baby's heartbeat: if it is a newborn, because the heart has not fully healed, so be sure to listen to the baby's heartbeat often, so as to check whether you have heart disease.
3, check the ear: if the ear is abnormal early, it can be cured early. Carefully check whether the ear hole is normal and whether the ear shape is normal.
4. Blood test: collect a small amount of blood from the heel and stick it on the filter paper for inspection. You can diagnose whether you have congenital metabolic abnormalities through blood tests, usually two days after birth.
5, carefully observe the head wound: pay attention to observe whether the baby is injured when passing through the birth canal. The head is a very important part, so check it carefully.
6. Check the state of the hepatic portal: carefully check the state of the hepatic portal with your fingers.
7. Check the leg state: separate the baby's legs by hand, and then check whether the posture of the legs is normal and whether the leg lengths are equal. If the femoral joint dislocates, the leg splitting posture will be unnatural and the legs will be unequal in length.
8. Examination of sexual organs: When leaving the hospital, disposable organs should be examined again. If it is a baby girl, check the healing of the outer labia and the inner labia. If it is a baby boy, check whether the scrotum on both sides is equal in size. If one scrotum reaches 2~3 times the size of the other, it may suffer from scrotal edema or hernia.
9, check the baby's mouth: check the baby's gums, tongue, mouth shape, and whether there are abnormal tumors. Babies' mouths can usually be examined with their fingers. If the base of the tongue is too close to the bottom of the mouth, surgery should be performed immediately.
The reason why this test method is a standard evaluation method is because the selected test items are set according to the situation of the newborn at birth, and it can be observed whether the newborn is injured during delivery and further understand the development of the newborn, so the new mother should know the test results in detail so as to monitor the baby's development.
Q: Do newborns also need regular physical examination? What should I pay attention to in physical examination?
A: Newborns need regular check-ups, so that they can learn more about their delivery, parenting and nutrition. Most professionals have a physical examination, so you can tell your child all the facts truthfully.
Q: What should I pay attention to in my baby's physical examination?
A: The night before the physical examination, it is best to give the baby a warm bath and put on clean clothes. It is best to wear loose and comfortable clothes for physical examination, which is convenient to put on and take off. After the baby's physical examination, it is necessary to explain the questions in the process of parenting to the doctor in time. Questions about the baby's growth and development, intellectual behavior, sleep, diet, etc. can be asked by the doctor, and the doctor's instructions should be carefully recorded so as not to forget. Put the baby's physical examination manual, doctor's instruction manual and baby's vaccine manual into a fixed file bag and carry them with you during the physical examination so that doctors can refer to the baby's previous physical examination.