1, the cause of brain atrophy
(1) physiological factors
With the increase of age, the physiological functions of various organs of the human body gradually deteriorate, especially the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (large and small arteries) have atherosclerosis and microcirculation is blocked, which leads to insufficient blood supply and oxygen supply to the brain, degeneration, necrosis and functional decline of brain nerve cells. Then there are symptoms such as memory loss, insomnia, irritability, listlessness, indifference, unresponsiveness and stubbornness.
(2) Psychological factors
Many old people have been in leadership positions all their lives, but years are hard to help. Once they retire, they will inevitably feel a little uncomfortable. Everyone always listens to him. Now if he is allowed to listen to others, he will never listen, which will lead to the delay and continuous aggravation of his illness.
2. Inflammatory factors
Encephalitis and meningitis caused by various reasons, because pathogens or toxins invade nerve cells and interfere with nerve cell metabolism; Perivascular lymphocyte infiltration, vascular endothelial cell proliferation, thrombosis, blood circulation disorder; The strong reaction of nerve tissue to pathogen antigen, demyelination of white matter, destruction of blood vessels and surrounding lesions lead to localized or diffuse water immersion, softening or necrosis of brain tissue, resulting in brain atrophy.
(1) Brain atrophy caused by trauma
The occupying effect in chronic dura mater snowfall causes intracranial hypertension, local brain compression, blocked cerebral blood circulation, neuronal deformation and necrosis, and brain atrophy.
(2) Hypoxia and ischemic brain atrophy
Acquired hypoxia and ischemia can lead to brain atrophy. The gray matter of cerebral cortex is the most sensitive to hypoxia, followed by white matter and cerebellum, and the brain stem is the most tolerant to hypoxia and ischemia. Asphyxia, external carotid compression and cardiopulmonary resuscitation can all cause hypoxic brain atrophy.
Anaphylactic shock, in the process of long-term hypotension, severe ischemia and hypoxia of brain tissue can cause two pathological changes, one is extensive cortical brain atrophy; The second is ischemic necrosis, cystic degeneration and lewdness of gray matter nuclei in basal ganglia.
3. Symptoms of brain atrophy
(1) personality and behavior changes
Personality change is often the early symptom of this disease. Patients become withdrawn, do not like to associate with others, or show no ideals and desires, and lack feelings for their children and relatives. Life habits are rigid and weird, personality is impatient, words increase, or _ repeat; Or suspicious and selfish, pay special attention to their own health and safety, and often struggle with some minor discomfort. Advanced emotional activities of all patients-sense of shame, sense of responsibility, sense of honor, sense of morality, etc. -have different degrees of decline, sleep rhythm can also be changed.
(2) Memory disorder
Memory defects appear earlier, such as often losing things and forgetting promised things. With the development of my illness, I gradually lost my memory.
(3) Mental retardation and dementia
It is manifested in the overall decline of intellectual activities such as understanding, judgment and calculation ability, which makes it difficult to adapt to social life and be competent for work and housework; Gradually, I couldn't answer my name and age, I didn't know if I was hungry, and I didn't know how to get home after going out. Collecting waste paper and sundries is regarded as a treasure. In the late stage of illness, I stayed in bed all day, unable to take care of myself, not intimate, incontinent, slurred speech, slurred speech, incoherent speech, and finally completely demented.
(4) Systemic symptoms
At the initial stage of the disease, patients often have dizziness and headache, insomnia and dreaminess, weakness of waist and knees, numbness of hands and feet, tinnitus and deafness; Gradually slow response, slow action, mumbling, irrelevant answer. Physically, it is often manifested as aging, whitening teeth, dry skin, hyperpigmentation, even hemiplegia, epilepsy, or ataxia and tremor. Neurological symptoms may or may not exist.
Brain atrophy is a disease that seriously harms brain health. We should be alert to the above warning signals and pay more attention to elderly parents and children. Once abnormal symptoms are found, they should be admitted to hospital in time and treated as soon as possible.
4. How to prevent brain atrophy
1. Early detection and early treatment are easy to achieve better curative effect.
2. Promote normal development, restrain and improve abnormal movements and postures.
3. Comprehensive treatment: Comprehensive and diversified comprehensive treatment should be given to patients through various effective means. Besides treating dyskinesia, we should also treat the complicated language disorder, mental retardation, abnormal behavior and epilepsy.
4. Combination of family training and doctor's guidance.
5. According to the etiology, treat both the symptoms and root causes, regulate the internal organs, nourish brain cells and promote the development of brain tissue.