1, increase farm manure and improve soil fertility. Before planting crops, farmyard manure should be applied to the soles of feet as the main fertilizer, so as to increase the organic matter in the soil, improve soil permeability, promote rhizosphere microbial activities, and promote the insoluble mineral elements in the soil to become soluble nutrients, thus achieving the effect of improving soil fertility.
2. Apply more lime in time. When preparing soil, lime should be applied year by year, and 10 to 40 kg per mu every year until it becomes slightly acidic or neutral soil.
3, planting acid-resistant crops, such as mung beans, rape, buckwheat, rice, etc. Adjust soil acidity through soil preparation and management to activate soil.
4. Implement paddy-upland rotation, improve physical and chemical properties, improve cultivation techniques and prevent soil erosion. The implementation of paddy-upland rotation in acid soil (once every 2 to 3 years) can improve soil fertility and physical and chemical properties. In cultivation, cover after sowing, adjust multiple cropping mode (such as rice-rice-rice, change to rape-rice-rice), and choose alkaline fertilizer (such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia water) to achieve the purpose of improvement.
Acidic soil is a general term for soil with pH less than 7. Include latosol, lateritic red soil, red soil, yellow soil and dry red soil. Various red or yellow acidic soils are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of China. The local temperature is high, the rainfall is heavy, and the annual rainfall is more than 1500mm.
The so-called acidic soil refers to the pH value.
(1) Carbonic acid in rainwater
(2) Metabolites of microorganisms and plant roots
③ Organic acids produced in the process of organic decomposition.
(4)? Sulfuric acid produced by oxidation of ferrous sulfide
(5) Chemical fertilizer decomposition
Once an acidic environment is formed, the basic metal ions adsorbed on clay and humus are replaced by H+, resulting in the lack of these metal ions in the soil, so the soil is acidic.
Extended data:
The characteristics of high temperature, rainy and wet heat in the same season make the weathering and pedogenesis of soil very strong and the circulation of biomass is very rapid. Alkali is highly unsaturated, and its pH value is generally 4.5-6. At the same time, the oxides of iron and aluminum have accumulated obviously, and the soil has become sour and thin. Proper fertilization and attention to soil and water conservation can improve the soil. Lime can reduce some heavy metal elements by adjusting pH value? [1] Danger. The acidic red soil in hilly areas of southeast China is suitable for planting acidic crops such as tea trees.
References:
Acid Soil-Baidu Encyclopedia