Cloud and water ballads. Tulou landscape

I got up early this morning and went on a one-day tour of "Shuiyun Ballad" as planned when I came back from Kinmen yesterday. After a simple wash, I got on the tour bus with my equipment and bought some breakfast while eating. After waiting for more than ten minutes at the bus stop, the bus came, and then after nearly three hours' drive, it came to the rhyme. When we arrived, the first thing that caught our eye was Huaiyuan Building, a world cultural heritage. This building was built in 1905, which was donated by Jianxin Xi brothers in Myanmar. Huaiyuan Building is famous in the world because of its beautiful external image, internal space and overall environment. The word "Huaiyuan Building" has two meanings. First, I hope that future generations will miss their distant relatives; Second, I hope that future generations will have lofty ideals. The doorframe of Huaiyuan Building is painted with lime, and three sides are made of red bricks to form a frame. The two corners of the frame are decorated with triangular patterns composed of sky-blue tendrils, symbolizing good luck. The words "Shoufu" and "Luquan" are respectively decorated at the lower ends of both sides of the door, expressing the expectation of Tulou people for a better life. The couplets on both sides of the gate are "Huai Yi De, drum at will" and "Far away from the mountains and near the water, with this spirit, beauty and humanity", which means that ancestors have long had the spirit of moral education, and with good mountains and good water, good talents will be cultivated.

The exquisiteness of Huaiyuan Building is that it is a room in the middle of the building. This is a model building of Wufeng Building with four frames and three rooms, and the lower hall is called "Poetry Academy". This used to be a place where private schools gave lectures, and the children of Tulou people studied here. The couplet on the door of the hall reads, "Poetry teaches children to seek far, and courtesy is handed down from generation to generation." Full of strong scholarly atmosphere, we should educate our children and grandchildren to have lofty ideals and abide by family heirlooms. The Poetry Auditorium is also a place where Tulou people are good at weddings and funerals. On holidays, there is a stage in the upper hall, and the best local puppet troupe is invited to perform, while the audience happily watches the play in the spacious fan-shaped corridor of the hall.

The foundation of this building is also relatively high, because there is a river in front, which used to be flooded. Let's take 198 1 as an example. On September 22nd of that year, it was called the 922 flood in history. On that day, it flooded the first floor of the building for three days and three nights, and the building was safe and sound. Because of the unique formula of building materials and high foundation. if

This plaque of "helping our teacher" was personally presented by He, commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army in 192x. The landlord was an enlightened democratic squire, who led the housekeeper in the building to support the Northern Expedition and attack Zhangzhou, and made great contributions.

Huaiyuan Building is a four-story building with a height of13m and a diameter of 42m. Look, there are three vertical bolts at the door of this building, which are double-secured, and the door is covered with a layer of iron sheet, which is airtight. This is the mark of bullet hole. The stone cones on both sides, the stone mortar on the left is like a gold ingot, and the stone mortar on the right is like a silver ingot. Gold and silver are symbols of wealth, and left gold and right silver represent harmony between the two sides. Holidays are used to make Ciba and rice cakes. The drainage system of Huaiyuan Building is also exquisite. There are three drainage ditches from the gate to the inner hall, and each ditch has a water tank. The sewage in the building is precipitated by the water tank, which is convenient for cleaning. There are also three turtles inside to clean the ditch through the crawling of turtles. The people in the building said: One Mid-Autumn Festival, the 300-year-old tortoise climbed out to watch the puppet show at the same time. So there has never been silt accumulation in this building.

Please look at the words "Baotian" and "Yushu" inlaid on the doors on both sides of the corridor. It shows that our ancestors have long cherished the land and protected the ecological environment. The glass windows on both sides were shipped from Myanmar. There was no road before, and I picked it up by hand after transporting it to Xiamen. On the left is the shape of a well, and on the right is the shape of a copper coin, which means "a bright future".

Huaiyuan Building echoes the distant mountains, surrounded by verdant loess walls, full of idyllic poems and mountain village scrolls. It has scientific site selection, wonderful layout and beautiful architecture, and has been tested by several natural and man-made disasters in the past 100 years. The most famous is the catastrophic flood in Nanjing County on September 22nd, 198 1. All the county towns were flooded, and the county towns suffered heavy losses. The flood lasted for several days, and many buildings collapsed, but Huaiyuan Building was not damaged. At that time, the sight of villagers hiding in Huaiyuan Building and climbing the observation deck waiting for the flood to recede was still fleeting.

Yunshuiyao Scenic Area is located in Nanjing County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. He Jiong Tower, a world cultural heritage known as "the first wonder in the world", Huaiyuan Tower, the most exquisite and well-preserved double-ring round building in China, the highest, largest and most concentrated Millennium banyan tree group, century-old street and Millennium ancient plank road in Fujian Province. In fact, rhyme is not called rhyme, but the name of our tourists. The locals call this place Changjiao Village. Changjiao Village is an ancient village with a long history and a famous Chinese historical and cultural village. In June, 2008, it was listed as the "Chief Teaching Ancient Village of Minnan (Zhangzhou) Ecological and Cultural Protection Zone" by Zhangzhou Municipal Government. In June 2009, it was listed as the second batch of landscape villages in China.

There are 13 thousand-year-old banyan trees by the stream, such as umbrellas and covers, which are winding and spreading, flourishing, swimming with white ducks in the water, forming a beautiful picture. Imagine how many people stopped here and how many people from anxious to return passed by from ancient times to the present.

This big banyan tree is like a huge umbrella. It has a history of thousands of years now. It is the largest ancient banyan tree found in Yunshuiyao and even in Fujian Province. The crown area of this banyan tree is 1933 square meters, and the branches are more than 30 meters long. It takes a dozen adults to hold it at the bottom of the trunk.

This is an iron fence concrete bridge. On this side of the bridge, there are so many cobblestone platforms, 3 meters wide and 6 meters long, with more than a dozen pieces. What are they for? That is "Japan and China are the city", which is also called "city" in southwest Fujian. On this cobblestone platform, you can put things, that is, stalls. Every Friday and every 10 is a "market".

This row of two-story old brick-wood houses is Changjiao Village, an old street with a history of one hundred years. Up to now, there are not only wooden boards instead of walls, but also hardware stores, barbershops, workshops and other old shops with the characteristics of the last century.

What we are seeing now is the special waterwheel of Yunshuiyao. The loyal fans of "Ballad of Water Clouds" should remember the waterwheel in the movie. When "Hometown of Autumn Water" was first filmed, the waterwheel kept turning when the rice mill was running. According to the local people, the waterwheel has failed and was washed away by the flood.

He Jiong Building: Located in the scenic spot of Yunshuiyao ancient town-built in the 10th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1732). In June 2006, 5438+0 was approved by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit; In July 2008, it was listed as a world cultural heritage! The building is five stories high, with the front building being17.08m high and the back building being17.95m high, 36.6m wide and 28.6m deep. There are 28 rooms on each floor, covering an area of 1547 square meters and a building area of 3574 square meters. The thickness of the rammed earth wall at the bottom is 1.4m, and it shrinks by 0. 1m layer by layer. The wall height-thickness ratio reaches 13: 1, which is the limit of rammed earth building! It is the tallest and largest square earth building in the earth building kingdom!

In the past, it was a swamp-building tall buildings on the swamp! Technology nearly 300 years ago; This is incredible! !

And the name of your building, as the name implies, is the old saying "harmony is precious", which is a fine tradition of the Chinese nation. Please note that there is a hidden head on the door leaf:

And pro-kanglu,

Your son is a good grandson.

China's ancient philosophy-wealth is a universal pursuit! Being rich should also be "virtuous" and based on "harmony". Only in a harmonious environment and interpersonal relationships can we be healthy, rich, noble and virtuous!

So you can see from this couplet that your architecture is profound!

This is a "three rooms and one living room" school for children and ethnic groups in the building to learn. You see, there is a plaque on the left wall, which was issued by Lin Sen, then chairman of the National Government, and founded by Jianxian. Hanging on the right is the plaque of "Promoting Learning and Benefiting Overseas Chinese" presented by Chen Shulin, Chairman of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee of the National Government in 20 16 10, and established by Jianxian. Who is Jian Xianqiang? He is the19th generation grandson of the Chang family. His early life was hard. At the age of 20, he went to Myanmar with others to make a living and become rich through hard work. Later, he served as head of Myanmar Relief Association and vice chairman of Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee. He also mobilized overseas Chinese to support the motherland's anti-Japanese war, founded Chongwen School in his hometown and won the National Government Medal. 1939, Zhang Heshan, a famous gangster in Nanjing, led people into the He Jiong Building and threatened to burn it down. Later, when I saw Lin Sen's plaque, I knew that I was not to be taunted and fled. It is this plaque that saved your building.

We saw a "Jinshi" plaque head on. This is the name of Jian Fengtai, a scholar of Daoguang and director of the Ministry of Industry in the Qing Dynasty. He was in charge of land reclamation in the world. Jian Fengtai is the grandson of the landlord Jian Jiping. He was smart and studious since he was a child, and 12 years old was a scholar. It is said that Xiao Fengtai rode on his father's shoulder and walked into the entrance of the examination room because of the long journey to catch the exam. The examiner observed the examinee at the door-seeing him wearing a red gown and braiding his hair, he sarcastically said, "A horse with a red mane came from Fujian."

Xiao Fengtai saw the examiner wearing black official boots on his feet, and heard that the examiner was from Shandong. He blurted out: "There is a black-footed donkey in Shandong."

The examiner thought, "Great!" Then he asked, "Did you take the exam or did your father take the exam? How many years have you studied? "

Xiao Fengtai said, "Can I take the exam? No more, no less, I read 12 years. "

Seeing that he is still a child, the examiner asked, "How old are you this year?"

Xiao Fengtai replied: "12 years old."

The examiner asked, "So you have been studying since birth?"

Xiao Fengtai said: "I didn't study until I was 7 years old."

The examiner said: Then you studied in the womb!

Xiao Fengtai said: "I study for six years every day and six years at night, not exactly 12 years!" "

Hearing this, the examiner made sense, thinking that he was riding his father and worried about his disability, he said, "Come down and take three steps forward." He took three steps forward without hesitation. The examiner added, "Take three steps back." Xiao Fengtai stood still at this time.

The examiner asked him why he didn't quit, and Xiao Fengtai replied, "A gentleman never quits!" The examiner snapped, "Clever and eloquent!" Give it to a scholar on the spot

A few years later, Jane Fengtai went to Beijing to take the Jinshi exam, and later went to Guangdong and Guangxi to patrol the road.

The couplet "Your son's good grandson" has really come true!

We danced hard in this courtyard, as if the whole ground was shaking. If a long iron wire is used, it can be inserted into the ground 3-4 meters deep (demonstration) at will from the pebble seam in the patio, showing that the geology is soft. Why is this happening? It turns out that this 3000-square-meter land in Fiona Fang is a swamp. When building a station, choosing a base is a big deal. It is said that the long horn of 13 Jane II Screen is a scholar. He saw the terrain like a Chinese-style chest pocket and a waist pocket, so he went to consult Mr. Feng Shui, who said-this is a treasure trove of Feng Shui!

But to Gai Lou in the swamp, the local villagers are laughing at his brain! This earth building, which was built on a 3000-square-meter swamp in Fiona Fang, sank and collapsed when the first floor was built. However, Jian Sibing was bent on building a building, and invited hundreds of helpers to cut pine trees up the mountain and pave the way with more than 200 pine trees with a diameter of 20 cm. Secondly, the outer wall is made of cobblestones, and the foot of the wall is more than 1.34 meters high. The rammed earth wall at the bottom is 65,438+0.34m thick. The building will be shut down for one year after being hit to the fourth floor. A year later, the foundation of the building was solid and the fifth floor was built. This "swamp floating building" took three years to build and cost 15000 taels of silver. The erection of columns and beams is all manual, which reflects the hardships, tenacity and cleverness of skilled craftsmen!

Of course-now that technology is so advanced, it is possible to build a sea city and a space station, which shows that in the long history of civilization, with human wisdom and perseverance, there will be similar feats-constantly inspiring and infecting us!

It must be a "miracle of the world" to build such a high earth building on the swamp! However, besides your building, there is another miracle: there are two wells in the building. The distance between these two wells is only 10 meter, but the water quality is completely different. The well on the left is as clear as a mirror, and the water quality is sweet and drinkable. The well on the right is muddy and inedible. These two wells are called "Yin-Yang Wells". Why is this happening? According to textual research, the springs of these two wells are located in two different water veins, one is clear and the other is turbid, so the strange phenomenon of "yin and yang wells" will be formed.

And your building-and there is a building in the building, and the front yard of your building is also called the guard building, which is as deep as 1 1 meter. In this place, there is a proverb that says:

Bao Bao Lou, full of children and grandchildren;

The building is full of treasures, and the children and grandchildren are rich.

Cucuo, a big house in southern Fujian, is similar to the quadrangle in the north, and is called the big mistake in southern Fujian. The protective cover is symmetrical according to the central axis and built in the wing rooms on both sides of the big cover. Earth building protection is called "building protection", and the school in the building we just saw is called "building protection". This peculiar architectural structure of "building in the middle, building in the middle" is a combination of Hakka culture in western Fujian and Fulao culture in southern Fujian, and it also reflects the changing history from the Yellow River valley civilization to the Minhai culture.

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And the location of your building pays great attention to the natural environment. Backed by Tiger Back Ridge, the door faces Bijia Mountain. It is said that the peaks on the mountain were piled by the Jane family for three years. They think it will make people in the building rich and talented. In the past, there were Jinshi Jianfengtai, overseas Chinese Jianxianqiang, and the commander-in-chief of the national army in the Republic of China, and so on.

Photographer: Ou, former deputy detachment leader of traffic police detachment of Guiyang Public Security Bureau, member of China Intelligent Transportation Technical Committee, member of China Press Photography Society, photographer signed by Xinhua News Agency China, and consultant of photography professional committee of Guizhou Economic and Trade Promotion Association. He studied under Mr. Zhao Yongfeng, a national first-class photographer, a member of China Photographers Association, a consultant of Guangdong Young Photographers Association, the host of green visual photography club and the founder of China infrared photography. Since 20 13, he has devoted himself to photography. Under the guidance of Mr. Zhao Yongfeng, he has gone deep into Tibet, Huangshan, Xiapu, Northeast Snow Town, Zhangjiajie, Lianzhou, Chaoshan, Jiangmen, Guizhou Miao and Dong.