According to the components, it is mainly divided into the following categories: chlorine-containing disinfectants, peroxide disinfectants, aldehyde disinfectants, alcohol disinfectants, iodine-containing disinfectants, phenol disinfectants, ethylene oxide, biguanides disinfectants and quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants.
Xiao Honghua recently published two analytical articles about disinfection products. In the second article, disinfection products, a popular e-commerce platform, was selected and classified and analyzed according to the effective components.
Note: Due to the epidemic situation, the testing institution has not resumed work, so Dad Hua can't send it for inspection. Therefore, all the information in this paper is analyzed according to the product webpage description, relevant laws and regulations and literature.
1. ethanol+isopropanol
Alcohol can be disinfected. I believe that after this period of time, everyone has learned it by heart. But isopropanol can also be used for disinfection, and few people may have heard of it.
The germicidal efficacy of isopropanol and ethanol is basically at the same level, and they are both intermediate disinfectants. But it is a little more expensive than ethanol, and it is not used in China, so isopropanol is rarely used in clinical disinfection in China.
The ball composite alcohol hand sanitizer contains 50%~60% ethanol and 4%~6% isopropanol. When two or more alcohols are compounded, it can improve the effect of killing microorganisms and shorten the effective action time, and can be used for hand disinfection.
Note: Both ethanol and isopropanol are flammable, so it must not be sprayed on a large area and kept away from open flames.
2. Ethanol+Chlorhexidine
Chlorhexidine disinfectant, commonly known as chlorhexidine acetate and chlorhexidine gluconate (hereinafter referred to as chlorhexidine gluconate) are commonly used.
Chlorhexidine acetate and chlorhexidine gluconate.
The experiment shows that when the concentration is 10g/L, the irritation of chlorhexidine acetate is twice that of chlorhexidine gluconate, and the sensitization is 3.4 times. At the same time, after years of clinical data, it has been proved that chlorhexidine gluconate is safe and effective for skin disinfection at a proper concentration. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended it for hand disinfection in 2002.
The two disinfectants found by Hua's father, Lierkang and Ruitaiqi, are chlorhexidine gluconate and ethanol.
Chlorhexidine disinfectant is an inefficient disinfectant when used alone, but it can reach the level of intermediate disinfectant when mixed with high concentration alcohol.
The suitable content of chlorhexidine is 0.1%~ 0.5%; The concentration of ethanol is 60%~80%, too much or too little can not achieve the best disinfection effect.
The contents of chlorhexidine gluconate and ethanol in these two models are 65438 0% and 60% respectively, which can be used for hand disinfection.
Note: It contains ethanol, which is irritating to mucous membrane. When using, pay attention to avoid the wound, do not spray on a large area, and stay away from open flames.
3. Single-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant
Single-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants mainly include dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl phenoxyethyl ammonium bromide, and their common names are benzalkonium chloride and benzalkonium bromide.
The effective component of Jing 'an disinfectant is alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, which belongs to single-chain quaternary ammonium salt.
Single-chain quaternary ammonium salts are generally low-level disinfectants and have little irritation to human body. When used for skin disinfection, the concentration is 400mg/L~ 1200mg/L, that is, 0.04%~0. 12%.
However, the concentration of single-chain quaternary ammonium salt in Jing 'an disinfectant is 4.8%~5.2%, which needs to be diluted before use. According to the product details, it can be used for hand disinfection and clothing disinfection after proper dilution.
Note: most of the large bottles of quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants sold in the market are concentrated, that is, they need to be diluted according to the instructions before use.
4. Compound quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant
Compound quaternary ammonium salt is composed of different quaternary ammonium salts in a certain proportion.
Disinfectants used in Anjie disinfectant are benzalkonium chloride (single chain quaternary ammonium salt) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (double chain quaternary ammonium salt).
After the compound quaternary ammonium salt is compounded, the concentration is 16g/L~ 19g/L, which needs to be diluted before use. After proper dilution according to the product description, it can be used for clothing disinfection, desktop disinfection and so on.
5. Silver ion disinfectant
Most of the silver ion disinfectants on a treasure are mixed with other ingredients, such as hydrogen peroxide+silver ion for disinfection, and many of them have not been disclosed.
Dad Hua is here to give you a brief introduction to the use and precautions of silver ion disinfectant.
Silver ions can kill bacterial propagules, viruses and so on, and the disinfection effect is lasting, but the killing effect on bacterial spores is not very good.
However, after silver ion is compounded with hydrogen peroxide, it is an efficient disinfectant.
Silver ion disinfectant can be used in many places, such as water disinfection, skin and mucous membrane disinfection, surface disinfection and so on.
However, it should be noted that silver is a heavy metal and used for skin disinfection, and the dosage must be strictly controlled.
Note: The silver ion disinfectant that Dad Hua found on a treasure is only used to disinfect the surface of the object. It is not recommended that you dilute the stock solution before hand disinfection.