How to avoid hyperglycemia? In addition to developing good living habits, moderate work and rest, moderate diet, less smoking and less drinking, modern medical research also found that taking propolis can effectively control blood sugar. The direct effects of propolis on diabetes are as follows:
1. Propolis is rich in flavonoids, terpenoids and other effective components (such as catalpol, butterfly stilbene, etc.), which can obviously lower blood sugar alone or synergistically, but has no effect on normal people's blood sugar.
2. Diabetes is usually accompanied by hyperlipidemia. Flavonoids rich in propolis have good effects of regulating blood lipid, improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation and protecting blood vessels, thus preventing the occurrence of diabetes syndrome.
3. Flavonoids in propolis can activate cells and promote tissue regeneration, treat and repair diseased cells and tissues, and repair diseased insulin cells.
4. Diabetic patients usually have various inflammations and complications. Terpenoids in propolis have good bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects, which greatly reduce and avoid various complications.
In addition, propolis also has the functions of enhancing immunity, obviously improving drug efficacy and restoring physical strength, and has a good auxiliary treatment effect on diabetes. Therefore, propolis is an ideal choice to control blood sugar.
(1) Eat more dietary fiber.
Cellulose is a kind of polysaccharide that cannot be digested and absorbed by human body. Increasing dietary fiber intake in diabetic patients has the following advantages: first, high fiber food can reduce postprandial blood sugar, improve glucose tolerance, reduce insulin consumption and reduce blood lipid; Second, it can slow down the hunger of diabetics; Third, it can stimulate the secretion of digestive juice, promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation. The following foods contain a lot of fiber, which can be used as foods that diabetics often choose to eat, such as mung beans, kelp, buckwheat flour, corn flour, oat flour, sorghum rice, spinach, celery, leeks, bean sprouts and so on. It must be noted that although dietary fiber is good for diabetics, it should not be eaten too singly. There is always a limit to everything, and diabetics should pay more attention to nutritional balance.
(2) Vegetable oil is an ideal edible oil.
Corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, soybean oil and so on. It is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential fatty acids. They can help cholesterol move in the body and prevent cholesterol from depositing on the blood vessel wall, so they have a positive effect on preventing some complications of diabetes, such as arteriosclerosis. Therefore, vegetable oil is the best edible oil for diabetic patients. However, vegetable oil can not be eaten in large quantities, and excessive consumption will expose its obvious side effects, such as excessive heat production leading to obesity. Scientists suggest; The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in diet is 1: 1 ~ 2.
(3) Beneficial soybean and its products
Soybean is an ideal food for diabetics, because it contains nutrients that are beneficial to diabetics. First, soybean is the source of plant protein, which is not only rich in content, but also of high physiological value. It must have a full range of amino acids, which can be compared with animal food. Secondly, the fat in soybean contains unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids and stigmasterol, which is beneficial to lower blood cholesterol. Third, half of the carbohydrates in soybeans are raffinose and stachyose that the human body cannot absorb. In addition, soybean is rich in inorganic salts, trace elements and B vitamins. As can be seen from the above, soybeans and their products, such as yuba, shredded bean curd, dried bean curd, bean curd brain and bean powder, should become common foods for diabetics.
(4) Ways to deal with hunger
Hunger is a common reaction for diabetics. It is caused by diabetes and will be relieved or disappeared with the improvement of diabetes and the adjustment of patients. The following measures can be taken to deal with the occurrence of hunger:
First, reduce the intake of flour and rice and increase some fiber foods, such as buckwheat noodles, corn flour, mung beans and kelp. At present, there are some health foods specially for diabetics in the domestic market, such as buckwheat vermicelli and mung bean biscuits, which can be used as dinner when hunger is serious.
Second: eat more low-calorie and high-volume vegetables. Such as tomatoes, spinach, cucumbers, Chinese cabbage, rape, bean sprouts, eggplant, leeks and so on.
Third: use some dietotherapy to add meals. If you are hungry, you can use 250g of white gourd, yam 100g, pig pancreas 1 set (after washing), add appropriate seasoning, and stew in soup. You can also stew pig pancreas with low-calorie foods such as pumpkin, soybean or tofu. Limited to alleviating hunger.
Fourth: psychological methods. People's food intake is related to their eating habits. Hunger on the basis of not affecting nutrition can be alleviated through a period of patient adaptation. In addition, patients should believe that reducing the amount of food does not necessarily lead to hunger. It is very important for diabetic patients to have a balanced diet, and overeating will undoubtedly bring a burden to the relevant organs and tissues of the body.
(5) Selection of sweet products
Some diabetics love sweets, but most of them are rich in sugar, which is not good for their condition. So how to solve this thorny contradiction? Try the following methods:
First, among many sweeteners, "Stevia rebaudiana" is better for diabetics. Although it contains no nutrients, it does not provide heat energy, and its sweetness is about 400 times that of ordinary sugar, so it can be selected.
Secondly, saccharin can be eaten occasionally as a sweetener. But pregnant women are forbidden.
Third, peaches, pears, pineapples, bayberry, cherries and other sweet fruits can be eaten in moderation. These fruits contain pectin, which can increase insulin secretion and delay glucose absorption. In addition, watermelon has low carbohydrate content and can also be eaten in moderation.
Fourth, diabetics should control their sugar intake, but it is impossible not to touch sugar at all. The daily intake of sugar is generally limited to below 10g. However, the situation of each diabetic is different, and patients should explore their own laws, including the time when blood sugar is the lowest every day. This is the best time to eat some sugary food in moderation.
(6) Foods that are most likely to raise blood sugar
Among the foods we often see, the following foods can easily raise blood sugar. Such as: white sugar, rock sugar, brown sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, candied fruit, toffee, chocolate, fruit candy, canned fruit, soda, jam, ice cream, sweet cakes, and various sweet drinks, oral liquids, fruit juices, etc.
(7) Foods that can easily raise blood lipids
Elevated blood lipids are very unfavorable to diabetes. It is an important cause of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, diabetic patients should not eat foods that raise blood lipids. Common foods are lard, butter, sheep oil, butter, cream, fat meat and foods rich in cholesterol (see the table below). Regarding cholesterol, diabetics should also understand that it has two functions. First, it is an essential substance with important physiological functions, such as the formation of cell membranes. However, excessive intake will have side effects, such as participating in the formation of coronary heart disease. It is generally believed that the intake of cholesterol should be below 300 mg per day.
(8) Harm of drinking
Some diabetic patients think that wine is the essence of five grains, and moderate drinking can promote blood circulation and dredge collaterals, keep out the cold and adjust the mind. This should be analyzed according to the specific situation of patients. If the patient's illness is mild, relatives and friends can get together on holidays, and it is best to drink a little wine, beer or other low-alcohol wine; If the condition is unstable, or accompanied by liver or cardiovascular diseases, alcohol should be banned. Because wine has the following hazards:
First, drinking alcohol will increase the burden on the liver. We know that the detoxification of alcohol is mainly carried out in the liver. People with normal liver function have strong detoxification ability and can convert most toxic substances into excretion. However, the liver detoxification ability of diabetic patients is poor, and drinking alcohol will inevitably increase the burden on the liver and cause damage. Excessive drinking is also prone to hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorders.
Secondly, diabetes is mainly caused by insufficient insulin secretion. Drinking alcohol will stimulate the pancreas and affect the composition of its secretions.
Thirdly, alcohol itself is a high-calorie food, and each gram of alcohol can produce 7 kilocalories. If the diabetic loses control a little, his condition will get worse.
(9) Diet should be light
Eating too much sour food is harmful to people's health. In order to illustrate this truth, Chinese medicine explained with the theory of "five elements" that eating too much sour food will make the liver qi strong and the temper weak because of the sour taste; Eating too much salty food, because salty taste enters the kidney, and the kidney dominates the bone, which will cause fatigue, muscle contraction and depression; Eating too much sweets will slow down the sweetness, make the heart full of asthma, dull complexion and kidney qi disorder; If you eat too much bitterness, your temper will not be moistened, you will have indigestion and your stomach will be full. If you eat too much spicy food, your muscles will be damaged and relaxed, and your spirit will also be damaged. Therefore, the diet should pay attention to five flavors, not too heavy, which can make the bones strong, the tendons soft, the blood smooth and the texture solid, and the body will be healthy. It is precisely because people find that light food is good for your health that they have long summed up the feeding motto that "light food is most beneficial to people". For diabetic patients, especially those complicated with nephropathy, besides following the general health care requirements, we should also pay attention to eating less sodium salt in our daily diet.
(10) Eat slowly.
Eat slowly, that is, don't overeat and chew slowly when eating. The digestion and chewing of food is the first process. Only when the first process is handled well can food be better digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. There are two disadvantages to eating fast and chewing hard. First, the food intake of diabetic patients is often estimated, and its effective components should be fully absorbed and utilized. However, the different chewing degree will affect the absorption of nutrients. The experiment showed that the coarse chewers absorbed less protein 13%, fat 12% and cellulose 43% than the fine chewers. This shows the importance of chewing slowly. Second: chewing hard and swallowing hard will increase the burden on the stomach, pancreas and other organs, which will easily lead to some diseases over time. The ancients have long known that eating slowly: "Chewing slowly is good for people. 3. Chewing slowly to cover up the essence of eating can nourish the five internal organs. Spleen and stomach are easy to digest, secondly; Do not cough, three also. " This summary is quite reasonable, especially for diabetics.
(1 1) The diet should be warm.
The diet temperature of diabetics should be moderate, and overheating or supercooling will cause adverse reactions. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, people's spleen and stomach have a characteristic that they like warm and are afraid of cold, so it is not advisable to eat more raw and cold food. As early as the medical classic Huangdi Neijing, there is a scientific diet law that the diet should be warm: "A dieter has no burning, no cold, moderate cold and temperature, and will hold his breath, but he will not deviate from his religion." It means: the temperature of hot food should not be too high, and the temperature of cold food should not be too low. If we eat at a moderate temperature, the healthy qi of the human body will not be damaged, and evil spirits will not take advantage of it. In this way, the body will be at peace.
Drugs that diabetics can choose: Food Diabetes needs nutrition, and the best nutrition comes from natural food.
Cucumber is rich in vitamins and minerals. But also has medicinal value. Fresh cucumber can inhibit the conversion of sugar into fat, so eating cucumber can lose weight. Diabetic people often eat cucumbers, and their blood sugar will not rise, but also have a certain hypoglycemic effect, because cucumbers are cool and bad for the spleen and stomach. My mother eats a peeled cucumber every day. Although cucumber skin has the effect of removing edema, eating cucumber with skin several times made my mother have diarrhea (caused by pesticides on cucumber skin), so I had to remove the cucumber skin.
Lycium barbarum, sweet and flat, belongs to liver and kidney meridians. It mainly contains betaine alkaloids, vitamins A, B 1, B2, C, calcium, phosphorus and iron. Lycium barbarum has antihypertensive effect. It can slightly inhibit fat deposition in liver cells and promote liver cell regeneration. It also has the effects of lowering cholesterol and blood sugar. It can be used for treating kidney deficiency and essence deficiency, soreness of waist and knees, impotence and nocturnal emission, liver and kidney deficiency, and dizziness. Exogenous eating heat, spleen deficiency and wet belt, and intestinal slippery are not allowed. Lycium barbarum is both edible and medicinal. Put 3- 10g steamed rice or porridge at a time. Lycium barbarum millet porridge is boiled in casserole, and millet and spleen can make up for the defects of Lycium barbarum. Traditional Chinese medicine can't be cooked in an iron pan.
Zucchini is cold and sweet. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that zucchini has the functions of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, removing annoyance and quenching thirst, moistening lung and relieving cough, reducing swelling and resolving hard mass. Can be used for adjuvant treatment of diabetic edema, abdominal distension and polydipsia. And nephritis, cirrhosis and ascites. Zucchini also has the functions of moistening skin and eliminating carcinogen (nitrosamine) mutation. I am used to eating fish soup zucchini, which is delicious.
Mushrooms are people's favorite food. Modern scientific research has found that mushrooms contain 93.3% water and 2.9% protein, and are rich in selenium, potassium, phosphoric acid, a certain amount of calcium, iron, vitamin C, a small amount of riboflavin and thiamine, as well as substances called PSK and digestive enzymes. Mushrooms can treat diabetes. They contain more dietary fiber. Mushrooms are one of the optional foods for patients with diabetes and liver disease. Diabetic patients should eat mushrooms when they have indigestion, because mushrooms contain many enzymes such as trypsin, which can decompose protein and digest fat. Blanch the mushrooms with boiling water before cooking. I fried with tomatoes, and there was no blanching, which was very bad. Later, I learned that there was a process missing. Boiled mushrooms are delicious to cook. Don't eat too much at a time. Only 2 ounces of fresh or dried mushrooms and good water will do. Eating too much is easy to get angry. Wild mushrooms collected from the wild can't be separated from eating, and there are many reports that wild mushrooms poison people.
Garlic, with strong bactericidal power, has obvious curative effect on colds, diarrhea, gastroenteritis and tonsillitis caused by bacteria. It can also lower blood fat, blood sugar, blood pressure and even brain. How to eat garlic: Mash garlic into mashed garlic, and let the mashed garlic be oxidized in the air for 15 minutes to produce allicin, which can be eaten. It is better to eat garlic and meat at the same time. It can not only reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride, but also increase high density lipoprotein and reduce low density lipoprotein. It also combines with B 1 in the food to form a new component-alliin, which can promote and play the role of vitamin B 1 and improve the nutritional components by about 3 times. Allicin can also lower blood sugar and increase insulin level. At first, if you eat too much mashed garlic, you can eat both of them 1, but after a long time, there will not be much. You can also eat 2-3 cloves of garlic with each meal.
Bitter gourd is cold and nontoxic. Functions: clearing away heat, relieving summer heat, clearing away heat, improving eyesight and detoxifying. Indications: fever, polydipsia, drinking, heatstroke, dysentery, red eyes and pain, improving immunity. Indian researchers have studied the use of bitter gourd to lower blood sugar, and China also has bitter gourd grinding tablets as hypoglycemic drugs. Some netizens told me that she often eats bitter gourd, and her blood sugar control is ok, but her body is cold. Every time my mother eats bitter gourd, she fries eggs or chicken once or twice. (Southern Yunnan Materia Medica) said: "People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold, eating it makes people vomit, diarrhea and abdominal pain." Bitter gourd should not be eaten raw for a long time.
Dandelion, also known as Viola yedoensis, Veronica, Notoginseng, etc. , is a perennial herb of Compositae. On the battlefield. You can see wild places everywhere. Dandelion is nutritious, edible and can be used as medicine. It is a valuable health food. Our vegetable market sells them in winter and summer, and so do Chinese medicine shops. Bitter and cold; Non-toxic; Entering the liver and stomach meridians; Dandelion has been eaten by people as a wild vegetable for thousands of years. Its taste is fresh, refreshing and unique. Specifically, the method of eating raw food, Chinese medicine dandelion is very effective in treating diabetes, without side effects. Dandelion has a wide source and definite curative effect. The dose is 50 grams each time.
Chicken is warm and sweet. It has the effects of warming middle warmer, invigorating qi and nourishing blood, restoring spleen and stomach meridians, quenching thirst, tonifying deficiency and dispelling cold, and is suitable for spleen and stomach weakness, listlessness, anorexia and chronic diarrhea. Among protein 100g, 23.3g is more than pork, sheep, duck and goose 1/3, and 3.3% higher than beef. It is highly utilized by the human body. It also contains minerals, vitamins and unsaturated fatty acids, and is low in fat and cholesterol. Chicken is not suitable for people with deficiency temperature, exogenous fever or unclear heat and toxicity. People suffering from malaria, dysentery, malnutrition, jaundice, hyperactivity of liver fire or hyperactivity of liver yang, such as headache, dizziness, red eyes, irritability and constipation, are not suitable for eating. Chicken is high in protein, which can aggravate azotemia after eating, and uremia patients should not eat it. When I cook chicken for my mother, I should give full consideration to the advantages and disadvantages of chicken. I only use one or two shredded chicken and stir-fry one or two bitter melons at a time. It is neutral. Once my mother caught a cold, and she cured her cold by drinking chicken soup. As a result, her cold got worse. Practice has proved that she should not eat when suffering from exogenous diseases.
Buckwheat rice is cold and sweet It has the effects of eliminating damp-heat, expelling wind and relieving pain. It is rich in vitamins, and the contents of vitamin P, vitamin B 1 and B2 are higher than those of other cereals. In particular, it contains a variety of bioflavonoids, which has obvious effects on improving human immunity. Because it contains a lot of plant fiber, it can effectively prevent constipation, so it is an excellent health food for patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, fatty liver and diabetes. My mother usually cooks two buckwheat rice with black rice, rice and millet respectively. Buckwheat rice cannot be eaten with crucian carp and yam.
The bean is warm. It is rich in protein and easy to absorb. Belonging to semi-complete protein, it contains a certain amount of minerals, amino acids, fats, sugars, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, tantalum, zinc and other trace elements, which can meet various needs of human development. In addition, it also contains urease, hemagglutinin and concanavalin. The cuttlebone has the functions of warming middle warmer, lowering qi, tonifying kidney and tonifying yuan, and can treat hiccups due to deficiency of cold, vomiting, abdominal distension, lumbago due to kidney deficiency and phlegm asthma, maintain normal metabolic function of human body, and promote the activities of various enzymes in human body. Enhance disease resistance. My mother's feeling of eating sword beans. It can help the kidneys and improve the frequency of urination. Half a catty each time. Be sure to cook until it is fully cooked and the color turns yellow. It has been reported that Changchun 138 people were poisoned by eating "raw beans" within 6 days, and the beans contained saponin. If the heating time and temperature are not enough during cooking, saponin will stimulate the gastrointestinal mucosa, causing gastrointestinal mucosal swelling and hemorrhagic inflammation, nausea and vomiting, and even lead to red blood cell aggregation in severe cases, resulting in dyspnea, circulatory disorder, dizziness and headache. Therefore, green beans must be cooked thoroughly, and they must not be greedy, otherwise it will cause poisoning.
Eggs are sweet, flat and non-toxic, and have the functions of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, nourishing blood and preventing miscarriage. Indications are fever, boredom, dry cough, red eye and sore throat. Protein, whose qi is clear, is slightly cold. The yolk is muddy and warm. The whole egg is flat. Eggs are a good source of iron and phosphorus trace minerals, vitamins A and E, and most B vitamins (including vitamin B 12). The iron in eggs exceeds that in milk. Eggs are a rich natural source second only to cod liver oil. My mother eats an egg every day, mainly to supplement vitamin A, because her mother can't eat carrots. Eggs can nourish yin and often eat onions and garlic.