In this issue of Psychological Gas Station, we want to talk to our classmates about the topic of "mental health of middle school students". Before we start this topic, let's learn what psychological counseling is. Psychological consultation refers to the process of using psychological methods to provide psychological help to the problems in psychological adaptation of visitors. The main task of psychological counseling is to promote the healthy growth of individual psychology. Psychological counseling follows the mode of helping others and helping themselves, helping visitors to exert their greatest potential and removing obstacles to normal development.
The psychological consultation in our school mainly gives guidance to students' study pressure, interpersonal communication, bad emotions, adolescent troubles and parent-child conflicts, so we use cognitive theory and methods to guide individuals to the real world.
As for what is mental health? Psychologists have given seven criteria:
(1) Normal intelligence. Can maintain a strong interest in learning and thirst for knowledge.
(2) Emotional health, ability to coordinate and control emotions and maintain a good mood. People with mental health can always maintain a happy, confident and satisfied mood, be good at finding fun from actions, be full of hope for life and have good emotional stability.
(3) Voice will. Self-conscious, decisive, tenacious and coordinated.
(4) Unity and integrity of personality. The ultimate goal of mental health is to maintain the integrity of personality and cultivate a sound personality. Personality integrity refers to the balanced development of temperament, ability, personality, ideals, beliefs and outlook on life.
(5) Self-acceptance is possible only if self-cognition is correct. Self-awareness is the core of personality, which refers to people's understanding and experience of their relationship with the surrounding world.
(6) Harmonious interpersonal relationship. Willing to associate; Maintain an independent and complete personality in the process of communication, neither supercilious nor supercilious; Can objectively and correctly evaluate others and yourself; Be tolerant and helpful; Positive communication attitude; The motivation for communication is correct.
(7) Social adaptation is good. Be able to maintain good adaptability to the environment, including correctly understanding the environment and handling the relationship between individuals and the environment.
(8) Psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics. A person's psychological behavior often seriously deviates from his age characteristics, which is generally a manifestation of mental unhealthy.
No one can be born with a healthy psychology, which is related to the living environment the day after tomorrow. Of course, a person's own psychological quality is also very important. Now you can also cultivate your healthy psychology and make full preparations for entering the society in the future.
Here is a brief introduction to how to shape mental health from two aspects of study and life:
First, learn:
(A) into the role, familiar with life, improve adaptability.
In real life, everyone should constantly adjust their position with the changes of the external environment, so as to keep their needs and development consistent with society. In other words, with the change of university environment, we should make ourselves a "role", find our own position in the new university life and establish the best orientation. In addition, it is particularly important to cultivate college students' self-confidence in learning. Because universities are places where talents gather, there are "capable people" behind them, which will inevitably make students' past advantages disappear. Faced with the changes in reality, they have a sense of inferiority because of their poor psychological endurance, and even lose confidence in their studies. In this case, they must cultivate their self-confidence.
2) Cultivate healthy psychology and improve learning efficiency.
First of all, we should strengthen the motivation of learning, mainly to establish learning goals. Goals can guide all actions of people. Entering the university is equal to realizing the present ideal, and the new ideal-goal is waiting for you to establish. The establishment of this new goal should make new efforts according to the learning rules of universities and their own reality. In the determination of goals, we should pay attention to linking personal goals with social responsibilities and combining short-term goals with long-term goals, otherwise this goal will be difficult to achieve. Secondly, we should cultivate interest in learning. Interest is the condensation of emotions. If a person is interested in something, then he will do it deeply and persistently and strive to achieve the expected goal. For college students, interest is more important. It is the power of knowledge, the condensation of enthusiasm, the direction of behavior and the starting point of success. However, college students' interest is not innate, but cultivated and developed with the growth of age and the enrichment of practical activities. Therefore, in learning, college students should be good at discovering things that stimulate their interest and strive to cultivate this kind of fun.
(C) to overcome excessive learning anxiety
First, correctly understand and evaluate one's own abilities, adjust one's ambition level and expected goals, and make them conform to oneself and objective reality. Second, be firm in self-confidence and perseverance, not afraid of difficulties and failures, be brave in meeting challenges in learning, maintain moderate self-confidence and overcome vanity. Third, strengthen psychological adjustment, maintain a happy and stable mood, explore and master the learning methods suitable for their own characteristics, follow the rules of university learning, and improve the learning effect.
Prevention and elimination of psychological fatigue
The combination of work and rest is an important measure to prevent psychological fatigue. After studying for a period of time, rest and relax; After studying, take part in some cultural and sports activities to adjust and relax, cultivate a wide range of hobbies, enrich life content and ensure adequate sleep time. In addition, we should learn to use our brains scientifically and master the most efficient time for learning. If some people think that the efficiency is the highest in the morning and some people think that the study effect is the best in the evening, in this case, more brains will get twice the result with half the effort.
(5) Treat exams correctly and improve exam-taking skills.
We should fully realize that examination is one of the means to measure the quality of learning and an important part of teaching. However, grades can't completely, accurately and truly reflect a person's knowledge level, especially his ability. Therefore, college students should pay attention to exams, but don't ask for high marks too much. Take an easy exam and have fun. To improve test-taking skills, we must first prepare for the exam, that is, review carefully, plan, arrange and prioritize. We should arrange our time reasonably and don't let our brains get too tired, so as not to affect our learning level. Especially a few days before the exam, we should keep enough sleep, so as to ensure that we can enter the examination room with a clear mind and abundant energy. Secondly, there must be ways to deal with stage fright. When taking an exam, do some questions first, and then do the difficult questions, which can eliminate the tension in the exam. If the exam is "stage fright", you can try to divert your attention and make your brain excited, such as thinking about something that makes you happy, or taking a few deep breaths to stabilize your mood before answering the question.
Second, life.
1, people who are not too demanding of themselves should have their own ambitions, but some people's ambitions are unrealistic and beyond their ability, and they will think that they are unlucky and unhappy all day; Some people demand perfection in their work, and are almost harsh on themselves. As a result, the victims are still themselves. In order to eliminate frustration, you should set goals within your ability, make progress a little bit, if you don't work hard, you can't reach them, try your best to catch up, and you will naturally feel comfortable.
2, to channel their anger when we flew into a rage, many wrong things or things will be done, rather than regret afterwards, it is better to do self-control beforehand.
3. Occasionally make concessions to a person who does great things, and look at things from the overall situation. Therefore, as long as it does not affect the major premise, sometimes you don't have to be too demanding in small places to reduce your own distress.
4, temporarily escape When life is frustrated, you should temporarily put aside your troubles and do what you like to do, such as exercise, sleep or watch TV. Until the mood is calm, then face your own problems again.
5, find someone to talk about troubles, and bury all the melancholy in your heart, which will only aggravate your own distress. If you tell your friends about your inner troubles, you will feel very comfortable.
Doing something for others is the foundation of happiness. Helping others can make you forget your troubles and determine your own existence value.
6. Doing only one thing at a time can reduce your mental burden. Don't do many things at the same time to avoid physical and mental exhaustion.
7. Be friendly to people
Don't compete with others everywhere, take others as competitors everywhere, and keep yourself in a state of tension. In fact, as long as you don't treat others as opponents, they won't be enemies with you, so that they won't "live in fear" and ask for trouble.
We are often rejected because people are wary of us. If you show goodwill at the right time, make more friends and less "enemies", your mood will naturally become calm.
Because of the time, the first program of "Psychological Gas Station" ends here and says goodbye to everyone! Pay attention to your mind, pay attention to your health. Thank you for listening. Welcome to continue to pay attention to our program. See you at the same time next week!