Typical autistic children, their eyes, words and deeds are not in contact with people, often let themselves live in their own world, and their temper is extremely grumpy. At the same time, they will stubbornly listen to a melody or a toy, and even have clever actions and ideas. In daily life, he is more interested in "things" than "people", and sometimes even treats people's limbs as playthings; When playing, there are often some repetitive and rhythmic movements; I am quite persistent about what I like.
The possible causes of autism are heredity, brain injury and parents' indifference to their children. The positive aspects of its treatment: we should pay attention to our discipline attitude, give love and care in time, and properly design a suitable learning environment. Negative aspects: behavioral therapy should be given, such as token learning or social enhancement to establish interpersonal relationships, eating behavior of autistic children.
2. Attention deficit disorder
Children who are hyperactive tend to fidget, run around all day, climb up and down, talk a lot and gesture a lot. Parents or teachers often hate such children very much. They sometimes think that these children are deliberately making trouble.
Generally speaking, the characteristics of these children are:
It's hard to concentrate.
Poor muscle coordination.
Lack of inhibition and low tolerance for setbacks.
Emotional instability easily leads to anger.
Oversensitive.
There may be three reasons for children's hyperactivity: first, family pressure is too great, second, slight brain injury, and third, children are naturally active.
Treatment can be divided into two parts. On the positive side, family pressure should be reduced as much as possible, and don't take medicine indiscriminately during pregnancy. On the negative side, you can use sedatives to reduce children's activities (but not for a long time), try to arrange physical or simple activities in teaching, and give necessary enhancements from time to time.
3, phobia
Children's fear of ghosts and unknown objects seems to be commonplace, but if this fear continues, it will affect their normal life.
There are three reasons for phobia. One is the terrible experience of the past-such as sudden loud noise, threats from friends or brothers, etc. Second, fear may be a substitute for anxiety; The third is social learning.
In correction, we should try to avoid alarmist threats; If you are overly afraid, you can take mild sedatives to reduce your fear, and then use the system sensitivity elimination method to eliminate your fear.
Step 4 stutter
According to statistics, children aged 2 to 4 are most likely to stutter, which is a language expression disorder. Generally speaking; Because children before the age of 12 are using the value judgment of the majority in the community to establish their own value standards, people who are different from them are often excluded in behavior, which often leads to serious inner struggle of stuttering children and anxiety when speaking.
Children stutter because of physical and psychological factors; Physiological reasons may include: heredity, slow coordination of pronunciation organs, disorder of pronunciation organs, control problems of nervous system, etc. If this is the reason, it is best to see a doctor for treatment, which can generally have a good correction effect.
Stuttering caused by psychological factors is also called psychogenic stuttering; Most of them come from inner pressure, anxiety, fear, concern for needs, or improper imitation. Common examples are: too much academic pressure, maladjustment caused by entering a higher school, fear of moving to a new environment, too strict habit cultivation, or asking children to correct old habits, the situation is too tense, and parents and teachers are not equal in treating other stuttering children. These situations will be more serious if parents and teachers are strict in discipline or children themselves are sensitive.
The treatment of psychogenic stuttering must be improved according to the causes of stuttering. If children stutter, parents and teachers should be more kind (but pay attention to whether other children will imitate at this time). In serious cases, we may need the help of speech therapists or psychologists. At present, we adopt progressive therapy or aversion therapy.
5, nocturia
Nocturnal urine usually occurs in children around 3 years old. Generally speaking, the possible causes of nocturia include organic factors (such as bladder weakness), drinking too much water at night, not being able to go to the toilet in the dark, being too active during the day, and not learning to control urination and defecation.
At present, the common treatments for nocturia are:
◎ Train children to increase bladder capacity.
◎ Reduce night sleep intake and salt intake.
◎ Train children to control defecation behavior.
◎ Care for and attach importance to children and reduce their psychological pressure.
◎ Behavior therapy.
6, compulsive behavior
Children should pay attention if they often repeat certain behaviors or actions, otherwise it will be difficult to quit once they become compulsive behaviors.
◎ A buffer tool in the face of intense anxiety.
◎ Obsessing on two different concepts leads to psychological conflict.
This kind of disease mostly adopts psychotherapy, which can be generally divided into individual therapy and game therapy.
7. Aggressive behavior
Children's aggressive behaviors are generally hostile, disobedient, and even physical and verbal attacks.
Aggressive children usually have a family that refuses, is demanding and has inconsistent training. Similarly, these children are more vulnerable to general setbacks and have lower tolerance for setbacks.
Its treatment usually requires:
◎ Improve the methods of discipline, and don't use harsh and abusive methods.
◎ Improve the family environment: provide a warm, accepting and caring environment.
◎ Make good use of the method of enhancing encouragement to encourage and appreciate children when there is no aggressive behavior.
◎ If it is too aggressive, it should be taken to the hospital for treatment.