1, drug selection in brooding period. On the surface, the use of raw powder in brooding period saves the cost of medicine, but in fact it does more harm than good. Chicken nutrition comes from inside and outside. The outside is obtained from feed and drinking water, and the inside is absorbed from egg yolk, which accounts for an important part of chick nutrition. Egg yolk contains more or less pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, mold pulp, etc. It is easy to cause omphalitis, bacillary dysentery and chronic respiratory diseases when absorbed through navel. Because the intestinal function of chicks is not perfect, it is difficult for chicks to absorb drugs. Because there are no auxiliary ingredients, the original powder medicine is not easy to absorb on the one hand, and has great side effects on the other, so most of it only acts on intestinal flora, and it cannot act on pathogenic microorganisms in omphalitis and egg yolk without being absorbed into the blood. At the same time, because the chicks are small, the price difference between the finished medicine and the raw powder is limited, so the finished medicine should be used in the brooding period to obtain the best protection.
2. Break through the sub-health state. Sub-health refers to seemingly healthy, but pathogenic microorganisms have been lurking in the body, but they have not yet become ill. Once they are affected by external factors such as stress or sudden weather changes, they are easy to get sick. The author thinks that breaking through the sub-health state is more conducive to improving the survival rate and increasing economic benefits, which is particularly important in the chick stage. Generally speaking, broilers should use effective antibiotics in the first 5 days and laying hens in the first 7 days in order to break through sub-health and reach the best state. During the brooding period, propafenone (5% enrofloxacin aqueous solution) was used in our farm and achieved good results.
3. Eat and drink. Eating is not pathogenic, but it is easy to induce diseases such as omphalitis and diarrhea if it is not mastered well. Generally, chickens don't feed or drink water for half an hour. Give a certain amount of sugar and salt water after half an hour, and give digestible and nutritious food after about 1 hour.
4. Immunization and disinfection. Chicken immunization is not as early as possible, too early is affected by maternal antibodies, and too late is easy to cause disease. Generally speaking, according to the maternal antibody level of chicks and the local epidemic situation, the appropriate age should be selected for immunization under the guidance of veterinary workers, so that better results can be achieved. Disinfectants with low irritation and good disinfection effect should be selected during brooding period, and spraying is the best disinfection method. Try not to use drinking water for disinfection, because the suitability of drinking water disinfection is still controversial. The author thinks this method is not suitable, because the disinfectant has no selectivity after entering the digestive tract through drinking water, which will kill most of the normal intestinal flora and is not conducive to the growth of chickens.
Of course, the living environment when brooding is also very important, especially the temperature control. Because most aquaculture professionals attach great importance to these conventional brooding methods, the author will not list them one by one. The author thinks that keeping chicks in good condition through good management and correct brooding methods is the first step to successfully raise chickens and a solid foundation for the whole breeding process.