What is Chinese medicine? Who was the ancestor of TCM?

China is one of the countries with the earliest origin of medical culture. When the dawn of civilization shines in Asia, the prehistoric culture bonfires all over China, from point to surface, form a prairie fire and gradually melt into the glory of civilization. From then on, the history of medical civilization in China began. China has a history of 5,000 years of written medicine. Due to the characteristics of the development of oriental culture, the influence of modern western science and the introduction of western medicine, China's unique theoretical framework has two distinct levels, which are complex and polymorphic at the intersection of eastern and western medicine. Among the traditional medicine in China, Chinese medicine has the longest history and the richest practical experience and theoretical understanding. Traditional Chinese medicine originated from the Yellow River valley in China and established an academic system very early. In the long development process of TCM, there have been different creations in past dynasties, and many famous doctors, important schools and masterpieces have emerged. In the history of China, there is a legend that "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs" ... and encountered seventy poisons a day ",which reflects the arduous process of discovering drugs and accumulating experience in the struggle against nature and diseases in ancient times, and is also a true portrayal of the origin of traditional Chinese medicine from productive labor. As early as the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties (about the end of the 22nd century BC-256 BC), medicinal liquor and decoction appeared in China. The Book of Songs in the Western Zhou Dynasty (about 1 1 century-77 BC1years ago) is the earliest book with drugs in existing literature in China. Neijing is the earliest extant classic of Chinese medicine theory, which puts forward the theories of "cold is hot, heat is cold", "five flavors enter" and "five internal organs are bitter and want to tonify diarrhea", which lays the foundation for the basic theory of Chinese medicine. The earliest existing pharmaceutical monograph "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" was collected and summarized by many medical scientists during the Qin and Han Dynasties (2265438 BC+0-220 AD). This book contains 365 kinds of drugs that are still in clinical use. Its appearance marks the initial establishment of traditional Chinese medicine. More than 3,000 years ago, in Oracle Bone Inscriptions during the Shang Dynasty, there were records about China's medical care and more than ten diseases. In the Zhou Dynasty, methods of diagnosis, medicine, acupuncture and surgery were used. A systematic work Huangdi Neijing was formed in Qin and Han Dynasties. This book is the earliest classic of TCM theory. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases specifically discusses the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment of various miscellaneous diseases, which lays the foundation for the development of clinical medicine in later generations. Surgery in Han dynasty has reached a high level. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Tuo, a famous doctor, has started to use the general anesthetic "Mafeisan" for various surgical operations. From Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 220-589) to Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties (AD 58 1-960), pulse diagnosis has made outstanding achievements. Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, summarized 24 kinds of pulse conditions in Pulse Classic. This book not only has a great influence on medicine in China, but also has spread abroad. During this period, the specialization of medical disciplines has matured. Acupuncture monographs include Acupuncture A&B Classics; Bao Puzi and Elbow Queen are the representative works of an alchemist. In pharmacy, there is the theory of Lei Gong's baking; Surgery has "Liu Gui Yi"; On the Origin of Disease and Syndrome is a monograph on etiology, and Cranial Meridian is a monograph on pediatrics. The newly revised Materia Medica is the first pharmacopoeia in the world. Ophthalmology monographs include Hai Yin Jingwei, etc. In addition, some large-scale prescriptions appeared in the Tang Dynasty, such as Sun Simiao's "Thousand Women" and Wang Tao's "The Secret of Outside Taiwan". The economic prosperity in Tang Dynasty (6 18-907) promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The Tang government took the lead in completing the compilation and revision of the world's first Pharmacopoeia-Tang Herbal Medicine. There are 850 kinds of drugs in the book, and the drug atlas is added, which further improves the scale pattern of traditional Chinese medicine. In the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), acupuncture teaching was greatly reformed. Wang wrote "Illustration of Acupuncture at Tongren Point". Later, he designed and manufactured two acupuncture bronze figures of the same size for students to practice. This pioneering work has a great influence on the development of acupuncture in later generations. In the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), a group of medical scientists proposed to separate typhoid fever, epidemic febrile diseases and epidemic febrile diseases. In the Qing Dynasty, the theory of typhoid reached a mature stage, and monographs such as Treatise on Febrile Diseases appeared. Since the Ming Dynasty, western medicine was introduced into China, and a group of medical scientists advocated "integration of Chinese and western medicine" and became the pioneers of integration of Chinese and western medicine. In the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), pharmacologist Li Shizhen completed Compendium of Materia Medica, a masterpiece of traditional Chinese medicine, which included 1892 kinds of drugs and became the greatest integrated work in the history of China's materia medica. 1949 after the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), extensive research was carried out on botany, identification, chemistry, pharmacology and clinical medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, which provided scientific basis for establishing the source of medicine, identifying the authenticity of medicinal materials and explaining the mechanism of action. On the basis of the national drug source investigation, the national and local records of traditional Chinese medicine were compiled in 196 1. The publication of the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 65438 to 0977 made the number of traditional Chinese medicines recorded in ancient books as high as 5767. At the same time, various Chinese medicine reference books, many local Chinese medicine monographs and newspapers related to Chinese medicine have appeared one after another, and various Chinese medicine research, teaching and production institutions have been established. The above is a magnificent historical outline of ancient medicine in China. Such a medical culture and civilization that has lasted for thousands of years is rare in the history of world medicine. There are a large number of classic medical books and famous doctors in China, which is also rare in the world. Traditional medicine in China has great vitality and develops with the progress of the times. After colliding, confronting and combining with modern medical culture, and paying attention to absorbing useful things from foreign advanced cultures, the exploration of the integration and compilation of Chinese and western cultures appeared. Traditional medicine is moving towards modernization. The pattern of modern medicine, traditional medicine and integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in China in the past century will objectively reproduce and comment on the history of modern medicine in China in the past century. The history of traditional Chinese medicine is indispensable for the study of ancient medicine in China, for modern medicine, or for the comparative study with different medical systems, for medical treatment, teaching, scientific research and health management. It involves a wide range of time and space, which is irreplaceable by other disciplines.