Rural areas, which account for 80% of China's population, are the focus, difficulty and key of China's education reform. The success of rural education is related to the success or failure of education reform in China. As an important part of education, school physical education shoulders the heavy responsibility of comprehensively improving students' physical fitness, forming good exercise habits and cultivating qualified social talents with comprehensive, harmonious and healthy development in 2 1 century. However, according to the survey, the current situation of physical education in primary schools is really not optimistic and needs to be solved urgently. Only in this way can we better promote the development of rural primary school physical education in China and make rural primary school physical education in China conform to the needs of the development of the times and curriculum reform. From July/0/5, 2007 to July/0/7, 2007, the summer social practice group of our college conducted a field survey on Shipodian Central Primary School in Lu 'an City, including local physical education teaching, teachers' equipment, teaching content and other research activities. This report puts forward corresponding measures for local physical education teaching and the difficulties encountered.
Keywords: rural primary schools; Physical education teaching; Countermeasure research
In order to understand the present situation and existing problems of rural physical education teaching and sports facilities, our college students from the School of Electronic Science and Technology of Anhui University went to Shipo Town in summer to conduct a questionnaire survey on the topic of "rural primary school physical education teaching and sports facilities". The survey is summarized as follows:
I. Results and analysis
Through interviews with teachers and questionnaires, we can see that there is a serious shortage of physical education teachers in Shipodian Central Primary School. There are no professional PE teachers in the school. Physical education teachers are all teachers of other disciplines and have limited experience. Physical education class in each class often has less than three classes. In addition, the equipment of the venue is not optimistic, and the average activity space and place of students are very limited, which can not meet the requirements of the equipment catalogue.
1. Insufficient physical education teachers
The physical education teachers in Shipodian Central Primary School are far from meeting the requirements of the country, and some physical education teachers are not professional, so the team of physical education teachers cannot meet the needs of modern education and teaching. Shipodian Town Central Primary School has more than 20 teachers, 6 grades, *** 12 classes and more than 600 students, but there are no professional PE teachers, only 4 teachers are in charge of the whole school's PE teaching, and the teachers are seriously aging. Only 39.8% students often answer a question, and their teaching "achievements" can be imagined.
2. Old teaching concepts
Primary schools don't know enough about physical education class teaching in schools, and think that physical education class teaching is insignificant. Although the school has made corresponding regulations, due to the lack of supervision and attention in the implementation process, teachers often fall into the wrong understanding that physical education class is "important to say, secondary to do, and unnecessary to be busy", so that physical education teaching cannot be carried out well and the national basic education curriculum reform cannot be fully implemented. Through an interview with Zhong, the chairman of the township people's congress, it is known that rural towns and villages do not attach importance to physical education class and regard it as a copy. Through questionnaire survey and analysis, only 53.8% of students think physical education class is important. The author also found that students in the same class of Grade One, Grade Two, Grade Three, Grade Four, Grade Five and Grade Six have different answers to the question "How many times do you go to physical education class a week?". Obviously not. Can this reflect several questions: Are all the students in physical education class here? Is it because some students haven't been to physical education class for a long time that he thinks there is no physical education class?
3. The teaching content is monotonous
For a long time, due to the influence of traditional teaching mode and the lack of professional physical education teachers, the current physical education teaching has some disadvantages such as boring content, single form and small selectivity. The content of physical education teaching is basically free to play games, jump rope, run and play basketball, among which free to play games and jump rope are the main activities. Through the analysis of questionnaire survey, only 30.7% students think that teachers can arouse their enthusiasm and ask, "Are you satisfied with the current form and content of physical education class?" 68.2% of the students are not satisfied with this question.
4. Lack of site equipment
Due to the serious shortage of sports funds, there is a serious shortage of venue equipment. As can be seen from the photos we took this time, Shipodian Central Primary School has only four cement table tennis tables, a runway less than 50 meters and a dilapidated basketball court. The facilities are very simple. The school has only a simple shuttlecock and a basketball. The rest can be said to be zero, not to mention the special sports equipment storage room. At the same time, the lack of funds makes the school sports facilities unable to be replenished, the damaged equipment unable to be repaired in time, the poor management of sports equipment, the commonly used sports equipment incomplete, and the runway in disrepair. Through the questionnaire survey, 65.9% students are dissatisfied with the school sports equipment, and the normal physical education teaching situation can be imagined.
5. Less extracurricular exercise
Extracurricular exercise is also a very important method for students to enhance their physical fitness and cultivate their sports hobbies. Through the analysis of the questionnaire, only 26. 1% students often take part in extracurricular physical exercise, and 15.8% students do not take part in extracurricular physical exercise. Most of the extracurricular activities they take part in are playing games, skipping rope, playing basketball and playing table tennis, which are monotonous in form and content.
6. Evaluation method
According to the interview with the teacher in charge of physical education, the school will have a physical education syllabus and a standard test syllabus at the beginning of each semester. However, due to the limitation of conditions, it has not been implemented. In a school without full-time PE teachers or part-time PE teachers of different majors, they think that physical education class is to let students relax and play, and the task of students is to learn English and math well. Therefore, we attach great importance to physical education teaching. We can go to school if we want to, and go to other classes if we don't want to. Even in class, students can move freely. This kind of physical education teaching is completely in a state of "herding sheep" at will. In this case, without the guidance and organization of teachers, students can only have aimless activities and even chat. Over time, students' understanding of sports is "playing". Because there is no special testing system, students' sports scores can only be filled in casually by teachers.
Second, the countermeasures and suggestions
1. Fully equipped with powerful teachers and sports equipment.
Schools should gradually be equipped with talents with professional knowledge of physical education, and strive to make physical education full-time and standardized step by step. As a PE teacher, we should seriously study the new curriculum standards, firmly establish the guiding ideology of "health first", fully study and understand the basic concepts and objectives in the curriculum standards, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students in physical education learning and exercise, and develop good sports behavior habits. At the same time, it is hoped that the education departments of relevant government agencies will increase the investment in sports funds and allocate more outstanding young teachers to primary education. On the other hand, it is necessary to improve the treatment of rural grass-roots teachers, not only wages, but also other aspects of treatment, improve the enthusiasm of young teachers, pay attention to the effectiveness of physical education teaching in the evaluation, and provide certain time and space for the development and creation of physical education teachers. Increase capital investment, purchase necessary sports goods and equipment, and establish and improve the maintenance and use management system of sports facilities and sports equipment.
2. Re-set the teaching objectives
At present, the problem that should be paid attention to is that the teaching of knowledge and skills must be closely combined with the cultivation of consciousness, ability and habit, so that students can have a basic understanding and positive attitude towards sports, understand the significance of fitness and establish the consciousness of lifelong fitness. Teach them to master certain fitness knowledge and methods, use a variety of basic sports skills and fitness methods for regular exercise, and have the ability and habit of independent fitness.
3. Enrich the teaching content
First, in the specific teaching materials, simplify the technical structure of the teaching materials, gradually change the pure competition and adult sports, and infiltrate some teaching materials that can be used for games or competitions, such as the squat long jump pedal take-off in primary schools, and simplify the aerial technology; Ball teaching materials can also be simplified, such as basketball "three-person competition" and football "three-person or five-person competition", which simplifies the rules and activities and has a good teaching effect; Secondly, according to the physical and mental characteristics of students, grasp the main factors in sports and simplify the rules. You can also add some interesting items, such as bodybuilding, dancing and rhythmic gymnastics. And according to the regional characteristics, add traditional ethnic events, such as martial arts, shuttlecock, hoop, etc. In short, in terms of teaching content, we should break through the shackles of competitive sports structure and scientifically choose teaching content according to the actual situation of students to meet the needs of students at different levels and levels.
4. Teaching mode
In the process of teaching, we should not only attach importance to students' learning of sports knowledge, sports technology and skills, but also give full play to students' main role in the process of sports teaching and fully mobilize their initiative and consciousness in learning sports. At the same time, we should give full play to the leading role of teachers. In the teaching structure, we should pay attention to the display of teachers' teaching art level, make full use of modern teaching methods, and adopt flexible and interesting teaching organization measures according to local conditions.
In short, with the deepening and improvement of the curriculum reform of basic education in China and the continuous promotion of the construction of new socialist countryside, the development of physical education in rural primary schools in China and even Hui 'an County is just around the corner, and all aspects of conditions will be further changed and improved. As the implementer of physical education, physical education teachers should fully understand the new curriculum and new curriculum standards, study hard, study hard for students, study hard for all students, study hard for the new countryside and study hard for the development of physical education in rural primary schools.