Radioactivity in the workplace is a special occupational hazard. If workers are exposed to X-rays, gamma rays and neutrons for a long time, it may cause potential harm to the body, especially some sensitive organs and systems.
According to the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, Regulations on the Safety and Protection of Radioisotopes and Radiation Devices, Measures for the Administration of Occupational Health of Radiation Workers (Order No.55 of the Ministry of Health) and other laws and regulations, radiation workers must undergo health examination before taking up their posts, after taking up their posts and before leaving their posts to ensure their health.
1, chromosome aberration analysis and micronucleus test of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Normal chromosomes will change in number and structure after receiving a certain dose of ionizing radiation. It is one of the sensitive indicators of ionizing radiation, just like a "biological dosimeter". Chromosome aberration analysis is a necessary item before entering the post and leaving the radiation work, as well as during the emergency physical examination of accidents, and micronucleus test is a necessary item during the work.
2, lens inspection. Radiation cataract has its special morphological characteristics and needs to be differentiated from senile cataract, complicated cataract, diabetes and other cataracts related to systemic metabolism. It is best to go to the physical examination institution of professional radiologists for examination. This project is required before taking up the post, during the post-employment period and before leaving the post.
3, thyroid examination. Radiation thyroid disease is one of the statutory occupational diseases, which refers to the organic or functional damage caused by ionizing radiation acting on thyroid through internal or external irradiation. Workers who contact unsealed radioactive sources such as nuclear medicine should pay attention to this inspection. Thyroid examination is a necessary item before employment, during employment and before leaving radiation work.
Health check management:
1, radiation workers should undergo occupational health examination before taking up their posts. Only those who meet the health standards of radiation workers can take part in the corresponding radiation work.
2. Radiation work units shall organize radiation workers to carry out regular occupational health examinations during their work, and the interval between two inspections shall not exceed 2 years.
3. The radiation work unit shall, within 7 days after receiving the occupational health examination report, truthfully inform the radiation workers, and record the inspection conclusion on the Certificate of Radiation Workers.
4, radiation work units in the occupational health examination found that it is not suitable to continue to engage in radiation work personnel, should be promptly removed from the radiation work, and properly placed.