1, understand the basic knowledge of fire fighting and learn simple self-help methods in fire.
2. Establish fire prevention awareness and improve children's self-protection ability.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
Key point: learn to protect yourself in the right way when you are on fire.
Difficulties: Have a preliminary awareness of fire safety.
Activities to be prepared
Fire sign "Fireworks exit 1 19 No wet towel fire." The park is equipped with necessary fire fighting facilities (fire fighting image screen).
Activity process
First, import
1 (sound of fire engine) Listen, what is this sound? What happened?
2. Organize children to watch the video of the fire and let them feel the danger of the fire.
Let's talk about how the fire started. (children's discussion)
What should we do if our children are caught in a fire?
1, alarm: don't panic after the fire, call the fire alarm number119; Report the detailed address of the fire and get a clear answer from the fire brigade before hanging up. Leave the scene quickly and call for help at the neighbor's house; (Teachers and children learn to call 1 19, and the teacher is the receiver. Ask children to clarify their position. )
2. What else do you need to do besides calling the police? Don't take the elevator, the elevator, quickly find the safety exit and leave the fire. )
3. How to stay away from the fire?
(1) Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and cloth, bend over and touch the wall to evacuate.
(2) When the floor is on fire, people should follow one by one when they are on the second floor, and don't go downstairs in a crowded way.
(3) Turn off the gas or cut off the power supply. Prevent a bigger explosion.
(4) Open the window and call for help with brightly colored cloth.
(5) If the fire has burned your body, you should roll on the spot, jump into the water, or hold down the flame with heavy clothes, and you can't run.
Third, fire prevention.
1. Show the fire sign "Fireworks Exit 1 19 No Fire" to explain its meaning.
2, watch videos, educate children not to play with fire, not fireworks.
Fourth, fire drills.
Situation: Suddenly the alarm clock rang. The teacher panicked and said, "The child is in poor health. The kindergarten caught fire. Let's leave the scene quickly. " Remind children not to panic and find something that can help us leave. Teachers and children cover their noses and mouths with wet towels and wet cloth, and bend over to touch the wall to evacuate.
Teaching reflection
Children in large classes have developed a certain ability of thinking and analysis. So I use the intuitive teaching method, first set questions, and let the children watch the video with the questions to find the answers. In addition, I also used the methods of communication and discussion, appreciation and encouragement and game to deepen and integrate them. For example, it is now advocated to boldly encourage children to find ways to express their methods and ideas. What should I do if I let my child catch fire many times during the activity? Think with questions. When children have mastered the methods of reporting fire and escaping, such as the teacher playing the role of a fireman, let children report fire. This link also fully embodies the fun and knowledge that role games bring to children. Another example: when testing whether the child has mastered the correct escape method. Let the children fully experience and invest in the game knowledge atmosphere. Unconsciously mastered the method of self-protection and improved the awareness of self-protection. "
Question 2: Teaching reflection on social activities "What to do if there is a fire" Fang Fang can see from the children's emotions, words and behaviors in the activity that I think this activity is relatively successful and has successfully achieved the expected goal. During the whole activity, children are very active by listening, watching, thinking, talking, discussing, learning and practicing. They unconsciously learned how to call the police and some simple self-help methods in case of fire. According to the curious characteristics of middle-class children, I used Piaget's cognitive development theory. In the first link, I use intuitive teaching methods to let children listen, watch and discuss with questions, and at the same time, I don't forget to carry out ideological education: don't play with fire casually to avoid fire. Next, let the children learn how to report the fire and escape. I encourage them to think boldly, express their ideas and guide them to think based on what to do in case of fire. At first, the children's experience was fragmentary. Later, after the analysis and guidance of the teacher, the individual experience evolved into a collective and valuable complete experience. In the third link, I use the game experience method to learn simple self-help and conduct fire drills in the atmosphere of setting a simulated fire scene. Let children throw themselves into the atmosphere of the game and further consolidate and deepen their knowledge in the form of games.
Question 3: The safety teaching plan for large classes reflects on the design background of what to do in case of fire.
Self-care and self-help safety education in people's lives should be extensive. The children live in a happy and warm family and are cared for by their families. There seems to be no danger in taking care of them, but there are still many things in life that need attention and care. By learning safety knowledge, let children establish the concept of self-care and self-help. Form a sense of self-help
moving target
1 Let children know and improve their awareness of fire prevention.
Know fire extinguishers and simple fire fighting methods.
Important and difficult
Key point: the danger of fire.
Difficulties: How to make children have the consciousness of self-care and self-help.
Activities to be prepared
1 fire alarm telephone map.
2 escape road sign map.
3. Various fire fighting, fire fighting and fire fighting drawings.
4 fire extinguisher.
Activity process
1 the game of guessing "fire"
Teacher: "red, as soon as it is in the canopy, it is fierce when it sees the wind." Without a mouth, it can eat everything in the world. I'm afraid of rain and wind. Guess what it is? "
Teacher: "It's red. It can eat anything without a mouth."
Teacher: "and it is afraid of water and wind."
Student: "Teacher, how can it eat without its mouth?"
Student: "teacher, is it fierce?"
Student: "Teacher, why is it afraid of water and wind?"
Through the interaction of guessing games, let children use their brains, take the initiative to find problems and interact with teachers to solve problems.
What should we do when there is a fire?
Process 1: Ask questions
Teacher: "What should we do in case of fire?"
Let the children think independently in this link. What should I do at this time? )
Process 2 Understanding
Teacher: "Kid, when there is a fire, you should call the police first, right?" What's the alarm number? "(Show the children the card" 1 19 "to let them know the phone number)
Teacher: "What shall we do after calling the police?"
"Escape, right?" (Signs showing safety exits)
Teacher: "After we are safe, should we put out the fire?" (Show the schematic diagram of the fire extinguisher and tell children how to use it)
Finally, retell some fire incidents that will happen in reality, educate children to know how to protect themselves, and don't play with matches, lighters and other things that are easy to cause fires in life.
Teaching reflection
In the whole learning activity, most children can learn about the dangers of fire and ask their own questions on their own initiative. However, because the child's understanding is not enough, he only knows to press the handle when showing the real fire extinguisher. On the whole, the harvest is not bad. I hope they can form a sense of protection for their own safety after realizing the danger of fire.
Question 4: Reflection on "What if there is a fire? If it is a small fire, I will try to put it out immediately (with fire extinguishers, bedding, water, etc.). ).
If electrical appliances, circuits, etc. Fire! Power off first, then put out the fire!
After the fire, the fire was already very strong. Be sure to escape first, don't be greedy for money!
In case of fire, never take the underground ladder to escape.
If you have to escape through thick smoke, be sure to cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and bend down to escape.
If the clothes are on fire, don't run, but throw them out immediately (you can roll them or tear them off or throw them out with water, fire extinguishers, etc.). )
If it is more than 2 floors, don't jump off the building unless you have to!
Remember to call the fire alarm number 1 19 after fleeing to a safe area. Remember, a phone call can save many lives!
Question 5: Reflection on the teaching plan of small class comprehensive activities. What should I do if there is a fire? 》。
Activity objectives:
1, cognitive goal: let children know the basic knowledge of fire prevention and establish fire prevention awareness.
2. Ability goal: master the methods and skills of fire self-rescue, learn to report fire, and improve children's self-protection ability.
3. Emotional goal: Through games, let children experience the correct response to fire problems and gain a sense of success and happiness. In order to achieve the educational goal better, I have prepared the following quasi-activities: 2 telephones; Water, fan, wet towel, sand, washbasin alcohol and other items needed for the experiment.
Activity flow:
Dialogue import:
What's the purpose of fire? Please answer individual children. If used improperly, what consequences will fire bring to people?
Secondly, I adopted the following teaching methods in this activity:
1, intuitive teaching method. It is the main method of kindergarten education and teaching. The outline points out: "Children should be the main body of activities, and teachers, as supporters, collaborators and guides of activities, should mobilize all positive factors to interact actively and effectively with children." In this activity, I organized children to watch multimedia courseware many times, and fully mobilized their enthusiasm through intuitive methods, and in order to inspire children, "What should you do if there is a fire?" And actively try to pave the way.
2. Exchange discussion method. First set questions in the activity, and let the children take the questions to the courseware to find the answers. Through discussion, we can inspire each other and complement each other, so as to gain a correct and unified understanding, so as to master the method of self-rescue in fire and report the fire correctly.
3. Operation method. Psychology points out that "whenever people actively participate in experience activities, their memory effect will be significantly improved." The small and medium-sized experiments in this activity fully embody this concept, so that children can better master some fire fighting methods.
4. Competition game method. Fully mobilized the enthusiasm of children and enhanced their sense of collective honor.
Fifth, talk about learning methods: the new syllabus points out that teaching activities should pay attention to comprehensiveness, interest and activity, and teaching should be combined with life and games. The learning methods adopted by children in activities mainly include:
1, observation and analysis;
2. Discussion method;
3. Operating experience method;
4. Multi-sensory participation method; Through the participation of various senses such as watching, listening and speaking, children are more interested in learning and the activity atmosphere is happy and harmonious. Sixth, let's talk about the activity flow: there are four specific links:
(1) Listen to the fire alarm and lead the subject teacher to say, "Listen, kid, what's that noise? What happened? (Play the sound effect of fire fighting) Let's take a look. " Use the alarm sound to lead to the next link, which plays a role in attracting jade and connecting the preceding with the following.
(2) Learn to discuss ways to save yourself. Now, facing the fire, all children can think of is to call 1 19 and cover their nose and mouth to escape. But in the face of a little fire, do you want to call 1 19 and run away immediately? Maybe your escape will bring more disaster. On the contrary, if children master the method of dealing with small flames, they can put out the fire in the bud. This is not only the improvement of knowledge and skills, but also an effective means to protect life and property. So in this class, I designed a small experiment to let children explore ways to put out small flames with things provided by teachers. 1. Explore ways to put out small flames. The teacher asked, "What would you do if you found a small piece of paper or plastic bag burning and lit a small flame in your life?" Organize children to discuss, here we allow wrong methods and arguments, the teacher does not deny, and ask some children to conduct small fire-fighting experiments with the items provided by the teacher. The teacher concluded that when the fire is small, wet towels, water and sand can be used to put out the fire.
2. Learn to report the fire. The teacher asked such a question, "What should you do if there is a fire? Do you know how to report a fire alarm? Do you want to make it clear when you call the police? " After the children discuss freely, the teacher will analyze and summarize by playing the multimedia courseware "alarm demonstration". Be calm and don't panic when reporting a fire alarm. The most important thing is to find out the address of the fire. With these experiences, please let the children simulate the fire and consolidate it. 3. Explore ways to save yourself safely. The teacher continued to ask, "When the fireman's uncle didn't arrive, we should actively save ourselves and protect ourselves. Do you have any good ideas? " Organize children's discussion, and the teacher will go deep into it for direct guidance. According to the method of children's discussion, I provide courseware, "See if their ideas are the same as ours?" What are we thinking? What did we not expect? "This arrangement can give children more thoughts, and children can inspire and complement each other in interactive, open and exploratory discussions.
(4) Game-Self-help Winner I divide my children into boys ... >>
Question 6: Reflections on the teaching of "What to do in case of fire" In this class, the teacher used the jumping event of Shanghai Business School to arouse students' enthusiasm for learning and warn students that fire is very dangerous and useful. In case of fire, call 1 19, etc. The children spoke clearly and burst into happy laughter from time to time. The children in our class have a discussion about this problem.
During the activity, the children in this class learned about the origin of fire and actively expressed it in the activity. In the whole activity, children initially thought that fire was only harmful and not beneficial, but a few children thought that fire was also beneficial. So, in this section, we did some experiments, and the children learned that fire is both beneficial and harmful. In this link, children's language ability has been trained and their ability to summarize things has been strengthened. After learning a certain amount of knowledge, the children's experience is reflected in the game. They will play the role of firemen, play fire fighting games and try to build fire engines to play dress-up games. According to the age characteristics of children's favorite fairy tales, children's favorite stories are used to cultivate their awareness of safety and environmental protection, strengthen their awareness of fire prevention and stimulate their feelings of protecting the environment by letting them guess the cause of the fire in the stories, telling them how to prevent the fire and designing fire signs. After this activity, I let the children see and talk about fire extinguishers. On the basis of understanding fire extinguishers, I launched an escape drama activity. When the fire was raging and the smoke was misty, the children left the classroom in an orderly manner under my command and came to a safe place.
An activity class on "fire" was held. During the whole activity, the children's enthusiasm and involvement are quite high, showing that they can speak boldly and actively, and even some timid children actively participate in it. Therefore, children feel the danger of fire in a pleasant atmosphere and learn some fire prevention knowledge. What to do in case of fire. Escape drills make children's senses closer, their memories deeper, and their ability to cope with emergencies is cultivated. It's not enough to enhance the adult's awareness of fire prevention, but also need children to pay attention to prevention as soon as possible. There are many reasons why many people lack fire prevention awareness today. Perhaps the lack of the first lesson in fire education as a child is one of the reasons. During the activity, I feel that the teacher's ability to follow the child's interest and gain insight into the child's psychological world has also been gradually improved.
Question 7: What if there is a fire? Reflection: Call the police 1 19, cover your nose and mouth with wet towels or wet clothes, bend over and walk, remember not to jump off the building, take the elevator, and escape in an orderly manner to prevent trampling.
Question 8: Reflections on the teaching of large class students "What if there is a fire?" Social activities of large class "What if there is a fire?" He Peihong's goal: 1 Understand the basic knowledge of fire fighting and learn simple self-help methods in fire. 2. Establish fire prevention awareness and improve children's self-protection ability. Preparation: Picture, projector, TV, red cloth, wet towel and a toy pistol. Safety exit. Activity flow: 1. Show pictures that are prone to danger and problems. . Teacher: "The teacher brought you some pictures today. Please observe what the children are doing in the picture. What will happen if you do this? 1, the teacher shows the projector to show the pictures and let the children speak for themselves. 2. The teacher chose several introductions. The teacher concluded: children can't play with fire and candles. These behaviors are prone to fire. Now we are going to Tomb-Sweeping Day soon. Please remind parents to light candles and burn paper money in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Before we leave, we must put out the flames to prevent forest fires. Second, the small experiment "The candle went out". The teacher asked, "What happens when a lighted candle covers the cup?" The teacher answered after observing the experimental children. The teacher summed up: when the fire just started, it can be put out with rags, or covered with sand and soaked quilts to isolate the air from the fire. If there is a fire and there is no way to put it out, how can you protect yourself? According to experience, children talk about several ways to deal with fires. Show pictures according to children's stories. 1, alarm: don't panic after the fire. The fire alarm telephone number is119; Report the detailed address of the fire and get a clear answer from the fire brigade before hanging up. Teachers and children learn to call 1 19, and the teacher is the receiver. Ask children to clarify their position. 2. escape method. What else do you need to do besides calling the police? Don't take the elevator, the elevator, quickly find the safety exit and leave the fire. 3. How to stay away from the fire? (1) Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and cloth, bend over and touch the wall to evacuate. (2) When the floor is on fire, people should follow one by one when they are on the second floor, and don't go downstairs in a crowded way. (3) Turn off the gas or cut off the power supply. Prevent a bigger explosion. (4) Open the window and call for help with brightly colored cloth. (5) If the fire has burned your body, you should roll on the spot, jump into the water, or hold down the flame with heavy clothes, and you can't run. (6) Teacher's summary: When a fire breaks out, children should never panic. They should protect themselves and quickly find a safe exit to leave. Make it clear where you are when you call the police. They can't hang up until they get a definite answer from the fire brigade. Fourth, fire drills. Situation: Suddenly the alarm clock rang. The teacher panicked and said, "The child is in poor health. The kindergarten caught fire. Let's get out of the scene. "Remind children not to panic and find something that can help us leave. Teachers and children cover their noses and mouths with wet towels and wet cloth, and bend over to touch the wall to evacuate.
Question 9: "What should I do if I catch fire" teaching plan and the goal of reflection activities;
1. Let children know superficial fire prevention knowledge and self-help ability through games.
2. Cultivate children to speak their thoughts boldly and clearly in lectures and discussions.
Activity focus: How to avoid fire. Activity difficulty: How to protect yourself in case of fire. Activity preparation:
1. Collect fire cases and videos. 2. Audio tapes with the sound of fire engines and some activities of small red flowers:
I. Import 1. Play the tape. Listen, kids. What's that noise? What happened? (Fire) 2. Teacher, here is a video about the fire. Let's look at the scene at that time. (Children watch video) 3. The children talked about how it caused the fire. (Children can freely discuss their own experiences) 2. Ways to avoid fire and save themselves from fire:
1. Can children play with fire? What should we do?
2. If a child's favorite toy falls into the corner under the bed, can it be illuminated with matches? Why?
The teacher concluded: None of us can do this, and it is easy to cause a fire.
Ways for children to save themselves:
1, children, what should we do if we meet a fire? (Children can discuss freely and call the fire alarm number119; Leave the scene quickly and call for help at the neighbor's house; Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to avoid being choked by smoke; Take the safety exit, etc. Just now, the children's first thought was to call the fire alarm number "1 19". How should they dial "1 19" correctly? Now the teacher plays a fireman. Who will try to call? Teacher's summary: When we call the fire alarm, we must be clear about our home address, so that firefighters can quickly get to your home to put out the fire.
Third, the game of "Who will win today" Now let's play a game of who will win. I want to test you. How can children protect themselves in case of fire?
Divide the children into two groups. Whoever answers the question correctly will get a small red flower.
1, the oil pan is on fire. Can you directly cover the pan to put out the fire?
Teacher's conclusion: Covering the lid can isolate the air and make it stop burning.
2. When the smoke is heavy, should you cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and leave the fire scene? (right).
3. In case of fire, is there any way to leave the fire quickly and safely? (1, take the elevator 2, take the stairs) Teacher's summary: In case of fire, the elevator will break down or deform and cannot be used, so it is safer to leave the fire by taking the stairs.
4. When the fire smoke is very heavy, what methods should be used to escape from the fire? (1, stop running 2, bend forward) Teacher's summary: When there is a fire, most of the smoke gathers on it, so bend down and stick to the ground as much as possible.
5. What's the phone number of the fire alarm? (1 19)6. What should I do if the wire is on fire? (Turn off the main power switch. After the game, the teacher commented on the game results and showed the children the safe passage in our park.
Fourth, extended activities: escape drill, the teacher created a fire scene, when the teacher shouted "fire", the children quickly covered their nose and mouth with wet towels, bent down and ran out of the activity room in an orderly manner.