What does neonatal care include? The 1-4 weeks after the baby is born belongs to the neonatal period. During this period, the environment faced by the baby has changed greatly, and the physical development is not yet mature, which requires the careful care of parents. Let's find out what neonatal care includes.
What 1 does neonatal care include? First, the baby's living environment should be quiet, clean and sunny. The indoor temperature should be controlled at 24-25℃ and the humidity should be controlled at 55%-60%.
Second, pay attention to feeding methods. You shouldn't eat milk too fast or too fast to prevent breast overflow or suffocation. Teach your mother how to burp after breastfeeding.
Third, change diapers frequently and gently, and don't wake the baby, otherwise it may lead to poor sleep quality.
Fourth, clothes should be soft and loose, mainly cotton, and bedding should not be covered too much or caught cold.
Fifth, it is necessary to observe the baby's sleep time, defecation, and the number of breastfeeding, and formulate reasonable methods.
Newborn home care generally includes the following contents:
1, the indoor temperature is preferably 22℃-26℃ and the humidity is about 50%. Keeping the environment clean and hygienic, and keeping the environment in good light will help to find out the abnormal situation of children.
2. Wear soft and comfortable clothes, take a bath frequently, and change diapers or diapers frequently.
3. When feeding, the nipple, bottle and nipple of breast milk should be disinfected.
4. Pay attention to skin care, mainly in the mouth and navel. Clean the mouth with cotton swab dipped in water or baking soda every day, and disinfect the umbilical cord root and the position around umbilical wheel with 75% medical alcohol every day. If there are white spots, purulent substances or redness in the mouth or umbilical cord, it is recommended to seek medical advice.
5. Avoid cross-infection, especially for older children with infection at home, and avoid contact with newborns.
What does neonatal care include? 2. What are the key points of neonatal care?
One of the key points of neonatal nursing is to pay attention to the nursing of umbilical cord. Neonatal umbilical discharge of yellow water and purulent secretions, for umbilical inflammation. Umbilitis refers to the mucus and purulent secretion of the umbilical region of the newborn, accompanied by odor or redness of the skin around the umbilical fossa. Mild patients have normal body temperature and appetite except umbilical region.
In severe cases, there are symptoms such as fever and less milk. Normal umbilical secretion is cool and light yellow or rice soup color, slightly sticky. If the baby's umbilical secretion is thick and even accompanied by odor, it is mostly abnormal secretion.
To disinfect the navel, we must first get ready, a few cotton swabs and a bottle of 75% alcohol. Then wash your hands thoroughly. Before feeding the baby, be sure to rub the soap from the wrist to the fingertip for about 20 seconds to achieve the sterilization effect.
Take a cotton swab, dip it in 75% alcohol (if it is completely soaked, the effect is better), pull up the baby's umbilical cord by hand to expose the root (pulling up the baby's umbilical cord often can accelerate the fracture), then wipe it from the root to the top in turn, and finally apply it to the skin around the umbilical cord. Disinfect twice in the same way. If the baby's navel is dry and in good condition, you can put on diapers after completing the first three steps. However, if the baby's navel is infected, there is a bad smell or unknown secretion, it is necessary to find a doctor for treatment.
Neonatal care needs to be particularly meticulous and thoughtful, so parents should first understand all kinds of knowledge of neonatal care to cope with all kinds of situations that may occur in newborns.
What does neonatal care include? 3. Summer care of newborns.
The health and cleanliness of infants and young children have different emphases at different ages. For newborns (born -28 days), special attention should be paid to the care of umbilical cord, ears, buttocks and mouth!
Umbilical nursing
After the newborn is born, the cut umbilical cord will form a broken end, which usually takes 7- 10 days to grow well. However, bacteria are easily infected by decapitation, which may cause septicemia.
What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing? What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing?
The main nursing principle of umbilical cord is to keep it dry and try to avoid getting wet when taking a bath. When wearing diapers or wrapping diapers for your baby, you should also avoid covering the umbilical cord and exposing it.
Hip care
Parents should change diapers in time after the newborn urinates or urinates, but the change after urinating is often not timely, which has a great influence on the baby, especially in summer. If diapers are used for a long time, it will affect the ventilation of baby's buttocks.
What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing? What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing?
After the baby is wet, parents can find and replace it in time. When changing diapers, you should also clean your baby's buttocks with clear water to avoid symptoms such as red buttocks and diaper rash due to incomplete cleaning and airtight buttocks.
Ear care
Neonatal ear canal inflammation is also a special concern of novice parents.
There are many reasons for neonatal ear canal inflammation. On the one hand, it is very easy for newborns to spit milk, and it is easy to flow into their ears when it is serious; On the other hand, newborns cry for a considerable part of the time, but they don't turn over at this time, and tears easily flow into their ears. In addition, bathing with water at ordinary times may also cause ear canal inflammation.
What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing? What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing?
When bathing a newborn, parents should try to block the external auditory canal with their fingers to avoid water accumulation. When water is found, the external auditory canal and auricle can be cleaned with sterile cotton swabs. If it has flowed into the ear, it is recommended to go to the hospital. Parents should not operate by themselves to avoid hurting their babies.
Oral care
The oral mucosa of newborns is very thin, and friction is easy to cause oral mucosal damage in children.
What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing? What should be paid special attention to in neonatal summer nursing?
If breastfeeding, the mother should make sure that the breasts, underwear and hands are clean. If the baby is artificially fed, the bottle and nipple should be disinfected and boiled regularly to prevent oral infection.
Eight points for attention in infant summer care
1. Breastfed babies should not be weaned in summer. It's best to wait until it gets cold in autumn before weaning. Because weaning in high temperature season is easy to cause indigestion, such as poor food storage, which is easy to cause diarrhea.
2, pay attention to calcium supplementation. Because the baby eats less, takes less calcium and sweats more in summer, it is easy to cause calcium loss and rickets.
Don't give your baby too many sweets and sweet drinks. Babies who eat too much sugar are prone to skin diseases such as boils and prickly heat.
4. Choose a safe and hygienic swimming pool. There may be many kinds of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella in an unclean swimming pool, which may easily cause diseases such as infantile diarrhea. If you want to take your baby swimming or swimming, it is best to give your baby eye drops one hour after meals to avoid cramps and indigestion.
5, the baby should pay attention to ventilation when living in an air-conditioned room, and measure the body temperature at least once a day.
6. Keep the room clean and eliminate all kinds of pests, but use pesticides with caution.
7. Let the baby wash his hands often and wash underwater for at least two minutes.
Try not to buy food and drinks from roadside stalls, and don't let your baby drink drinks with ice or juice.
Common misunderstandings of nursing in summer
No 1: Shave the baby's head.
Many parents think that babies should shave their heads in summer, especially boys. So you can always see many "little monks" on the street, so is it really appropriate for your baby to shave his head in summer? Experts pointed out that in summer, in addition to human breathing, the head can also expel heat from the body, and skin perspiration is the main way to expel heat, but it is not appropriate to shave your baby's hair too short or shave your head.
Once the baby is shaved, it loses the natural barrier of shading, accidental injury and mosquito bites, and all kinds of bacteria gather on the scalp, which greatly increases the chance of infection. The baby is bald, but the heat absorbed by the skin will increase, and the sweat discharged from the skin will be lost quickly, and it will not be able to dissipate heat through sweat evaporation. What's more, the bald baby's head is easily sunburned by strong light.
Babies don't need to wear socks in summer
In summer, parents usually wear small sandals for their babies, basically barefoot. They thought their baby would be cooler in this way, but it was really embarrassing for them.
At present, floor tiles or floors are basically laid at home, and air conditioning is also turned on in summer, so that the floor tiles will be cold. Baby's skin is delicate, so be sure to put on socks for the baby, which can play a certain role in keeping warm and preventing the baby from catching cold. Wearing socks can also prevent rough skin friction and children will feel very comfortable.
It will be cooler for babies to wear open-backed pants.
In summer, many parents let their children wear open-backed pants to cool them down. So the baby will be bright and happy? In fact, it is neither safe nor hygienic for babies to wear open-backed pants.
If the baby wears open-backed pants, their naughty little hands will inevitably be covered with bacteria, and the baby's small hands wearing open-backed pants will inevitably touch his lower body, which is easy to cause bacterial infection.
Wearing open-backed pants can also easily lead to the baby's lower body directly contacting external objects, such as benches, walls, toys, floors and so on. These places are also places where a large number of pathogens gather, which is not conducive to the baby's health. The baby's lower body is one of the weakest parts, and it is easy to get hurt. Without the protection of clothes or diapers, contact with external objects will hurt the baby.
Therefore, it seems convenient to open your pants, but for the sake of your baby's health and safety, parents can't let their children run naked.
Babies can also sleep on bamboo mats.
The weather is getting hotter and hotter, and the baby always sweats when sleeping. Many mothers began to consider buying a mat for their baby. Sleeping mats can be divided into straw mats, bamboo mats, hemp mats, bamboo fiber mats, cotton rattan mats, leather sleeping mats and so on. So which one is suitable for the baby?
Most mothers will choose ordinary bamboo mats. Bamboo mat is the coolest summer mat, and it will absorb more heat than other materials before the temperature rises, so it will make people feel cooler. But for the baby, the bamboo mat is too cold, and the air conditioner can easily make the baby catch cold. Moreover, some bamboo mats are rough in workmanship, which can easily scratch the baby's delicate skin.
Comparatively speaking, bamboo fiber mat and linen mat are more suitable for babies, because these two materials have good hygroscopicity, cool but not cold, and good sweat absorption effect.
No5: Wrap the baby as jiaozi when sleeping.
It's really comfortable to sleep with the air conditioner on at night in summer, but it's easy to catch a cold after sleeping. Mothers will let their babies wear thick clothes because they are worried about their health, so that they won't catch a cold. However, covering the quilt and wearing thick clothes, the baby's metabolism is strong, and it is easy to sweat and even collapse. Wear a vest or Chinese-style chest covering for the baby at night, and just wear a pair of thin shorts.
Babies often have anorexia in summer, and mothers will find that their babies don't grow so fast than in spring. Therefore, mothers should pay more attention to life and never let their babies get sick. There are many germs and frequent flu in summer. Finally, I hope all the babies can have a cool and pleasant summer.