First, teaching material analysis:
According to the requirements of "Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standard" for junior high school jumping events, the standing long jump technique should belong to the compulsory range of Grade 4 (junior high school stage), which is the main teaching content of "Physical Education and Health" in junior high school and a compulsory item in junior high school physical education examination. This class mainly focuses on learning to jump with both feet, and also lays the foundation for junior high school physical education examination. In addition, learning the standing long jump can effectively develop physical qualities such as speed, coordination and strength, improve the functions of the nervous system and cardiovascular system, and cultivate students' spirit of courage, which has the value of fitness, competition and entertainment. Therefore, it plays an important role in junior high school physical education and health teaching.
The main teaching content of this class is the standing long jump, which I am going to complete with the auxiliary teaching material * * *. The two are arranged together because: first, according to the basic principles of students' all-round physical development, lower limb exercises to develop leg strength are developed; Second, according to the principle of reasonable arrangement of physiological load and psychological load, combined with the basic law of human adaptability, scientifically and reasonably develop students' physical functions. In addition, in the design of the whole class, I gamified and competed all the contents of the class, which not only reflected the guiding ideology of "health first", but also stimulated students' interest in participating in physical exercise at different levels, laying the foundation for lifelong sports.
Analysis of students' situation:
Because there are many only children, strong spirit of hard work and poor personality, students in our school are generally poor in physical fitness, poor in acceptance and poor in learning attention. Therefore, teaching content must be arranged reasonably when studying. However, most students come from towns. Their lively nature, strong imitation and curiosity, high enthusiasm for learning, courage to compete and strong desire for self-expression also provide powerful conditions for the good completion of teaching. If students want to devote themselves wholeheartedly and persistently to classroom teaching, they must choose the teaching methods and means that students are interested in. Therefore, in the standing long jump unit teaching, students' favorite situations should be adopted in each class, and students' psychology should be firmly grasped, so that they can actively participate in classroom teaching and play with learning and practice in situations, thus effectively achieving the teaching objectives.
Second, the teaching objectives:
1, cognitive goal: Through the study of this course, most students can initially master the technical movements of standing long jump.
2. Skill goal: develop students' jumping ability, coordination and sensitivity, and improve students' lower limb strength and standing long jump level.
3. Emotional goal: cultivate students' fighting spirit and lifelong sports consciousness, and enhance the sense of collective honor.
Third, the teaching emphasis and difficulty:
According to the knowledge system of the textbook and the basic law of the formation of motor skills, it can be determined that the key and difficult point of this class is to take off quickly and forcefully and expand the hip after flying. There are two main reasons for this determination: first, the quick and powerful take-off is the key to determine the performance of standing long jump, so it is the focus of this class, and I will solve it through quick and repeated take-off exercises in fierce competitions; Second, it is difficult for students to show their hips in the air because of their weak constitution, so it is the difficulty of this class. I will gradually increase the height and distance of the small mat in the game to solve it.
Fourth, teaching methods.
Make the whole teaching content gamified and competitive, make students willing and easy to participate, and achieve the teaching purpose in a relatively excited state. According to the age characteristics of students, they have the characteristics of strong perceptual thinking and poor rational thinking. Therefore, it is appropriate to apply demonstration in teaching and let students practice imitation more. Therefore, I mainly adopt the following teaching methods in this course:
1. game and competition participation method: all teaching contents are integrated into the game to improve students' interest in learning.
2. Enlightening and trying teaching method: According to the law of "practice-cognition-practice", before the explanation, let students take the initiative to explore, inspire students to innovate in practice, understand knowledge and improve themselves, which also embodies the basic principle of "learning before teaching".
3. Demonstration method: Using the characteristics of students' strong imitation ability, let students watch more demonstrations of beautiful movements in this class to stimulate students' interest in learning.
4. Guidance and error correction method: In the process of students' practice, the method of combining overall and individual guidance and error correction is used to guide students to learn standardized movements.
5. Praise method: make use of students' competitive psychology, encourage and praise more, find bright spots and improve students' initiative.
V. Studying law
According to students' characteristics and learning situation, I mainly adopt the following teaching methods:
1, horizontal group cooperation mode: students are grouped according to their own quality and technical ability self-evaluation and help each other in the group. Its purpose is to ensure students' interest in learning and real needs by choosing the difficulty independently, grouping freely and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
2. Boldly try to practice: under the guidance of teachers or peers, boldly try to do obstacle-crossing exercises. Its purpose is to enhance students' courage, build self-confidence through bold attempts, and find out the best method in the process of continuous attempts.
Action points of intransitive verbs, easily standardized wrong actions and correction methods;
Action points:
Pre-swing: open your feet left and right, shoulder width apart, and swing your arms back and forth. When swinging forward, straighten your legs. When swinging backwards, bend your knees to lower your center of gravity, lean forward slightly, and swing your hands backwards as much as possible. Key points: the upper and lower limbs are coordinated and the body leans forward slightly.
Take-off and take-off: push your feet to the ground quickly and forcefully, swing your arms slightly from back to front, jump forward and take off, and fully expand your body. Key points: the pedal should be fast and powerful, the leg pedal and the hand swing should be coordinated, and the aerial exhibition should be sufficient, emphasizing the instantaneous pedal action before the forefoot leaves the ground.
Landing cushion: abdomen tuck, leg lift, calf stretch forward, arm swing back forcefully, knee bend and landing cushion. Key points: grasp the timing of calf extension, bend your legs forward, swing your arms backwards, and don't fall backwards after landing.
Easy-to-standardize wrong actions and correction methods
The front pendulum is not harmonious. Solution: Repeatedly swing your legs before bending your knees, from slow to fast.
Fly too high or too low. Solution: It is very effective to correct such errors by using a certain height or a certain distance of the marking line.
Leg contraction is too slow or insufficient. Solution: Do the exercises of jumping abdomen repeatedly. Pay attention to the thigh against the chest instead of the calf against the hip, and the high-five action should be timely.
The landing is unstable, and the landing area of the legs is quite different. Solution: Do more take-off and landing at close range, and coordinate the arm swing. Set up markers on the ground, and step on the markers actively and consciously.
Seven. teaching process
1. Warm-up phase (start and preparation): It takes about 10 minutes. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Basic classroom routines (including greetings from teachers and students, announcement of class objectives and tasks, etc.). ). Then the game. Then there is unarmed exercise.
Design intention: The game will replace the boring running in the past, so that students can quickly adjust their mentality and enter an excited state psychologically and physically, not only exercising, but also quickly adjusting their attention.
2. Emotional development stage (basic part): It takes about 25 minutes. Based on the principle of entertaining, I am going to complete this link in two steps. One is to use the auxiliary exercises of jumping steps and standing multi-level long jump to improve students' interest and the essentials of lifting abdomen and legs in long jump. The second is to add one or two small mats in the standing long jump, so that students can jump quickly on the small mats at a certain height on the basis of ensuring the safety of students. Do a good job of basic experience first, and then the teacher will give appropriate explanations and demonstrations on the basis of students' experience, so that students can understand that only a fast and powerful take-off can guarantee the height of take-off, and ask the question: "How can a height jump further?" Then let the students choose the difficulty according to their own level, and let them play the second game "See who jumps far" with questions, and let the students jump on a small mat with a certain height and distance according to their own ability level. Finally, on the basis of discussion, each group sent representatives to demonstrate, explain the reasons and draw the conclusion that if you want to jump far, you must ensure a fast and powerful take-off and full extension of your body. Then enter the second competition, let student Qi Xin work together to win the first place, cultivate students' innovative ability, and strengthen what they have learned through the competition. Consolidating the knowledge learned not only conforms to the basic law of the formation of motor skills, but also solves the important and difficult points in this section.
Design intention: Make students understand the technical essentials of standing long jump by using auxiliary exercises, improve students' flying height by using small mats in teaching, and stimulate students' interest in learning. Most students prefer to have some challenging exercises, use games to consolidate technical movements and cultivate students' cooperative spirit and competitiveness.
4. Physical and mental recovery stage (end part): It takes about 4-5 minutes. The specific steps are as follows: ① Relaxation exercise (4X8 beat) ② Teachers comment on the situation of this class, encourage the bright spots found in the class, and enhance students' self-confidence. ③ Arrange the students on duty to retrieve the equipment, and cultivate students' good habit of hard work. Finally, the teacher and the students said goodbye politely.
Design intention: let students know the importance of relaxation exercises, let students relax physically and mentally from intense training, and let students learn how to relax each other. Encourage and praise students with language and improve their interest in learning, because interest is the best teacher. Finally, arrange for students to return their own equipment and cultivate their good habit of working hard.
5. The venue equipment used in this class is: track and field, 8 small mats, baton and ash tree.
Eight, predict the effect of class.
It is expected that the teaching goal will be basically achieved, and more than 90% of students can master the technical essentials of standing long jump; 40% students can master the movements skillfully and finish them gracefully.