Three checks and seven pairs of nurses' basic knowledge

1. Basic knowledge of oral nurses

2. Basic knowledge of being a nurse

Basic knowledge of oral nurses 1. What is the common sense of oral care?

Teeth play a very important role for everyone. As long as healthy white teeth not only make us eat delicious food, make people laugh better, but more importantly, increase one's self-confidence.

So how should we care for our oral cavity? Here I would like to introduce some oral care knowledge to you. Steps/Methods Brush your teeth for at least 2 minutes, at least twice a day, and change your toothbrush every three months.

Oral cancer is one of the most deadly cancers. People often ignore oral lumps or blisters, which may lead to serious problems such as oral cancer.

Therefore, no matter how small those signs are, you should seek medical advice as soon as you find them. Exercise can also cause dental problems.

Strenuous exercise may lead to dehydration and weaken the function of saliva in preventing oral diseases. In this way, the risk of tooth decay and bacterial accumulation will increase.

Oral cavity indicates general health. The mouth affects other parts of the body.

If there is gum problem, the prevalence of heart disease is four times higher than that of the general population. If the first molar is short, it sometimes hurts, indicating that there is something wrong with digestion.

Stop taking painkillers before going to the dentist. Some people often take aspirin and other drugs, but when pulling teeth, it will make you bleed a lot.

Gingival bleeding is very serious. Gum bleeding is an inflammatory symptom, and it is very likely that you have been infected.

Eating sugar does not necessarily lead to tooth decay. There is not much problem in eating sweets as long as they are cleaned up in time.

Besides, a balanced diet is the key to a healthy smile. For example, frequent skipping meals can lead to high oral acidity, which can lead to tooth decay and gum problems.

Tongue also has a health code. The bright red tip of the tongue indicates that there may be thyroid or heart problems: the yellow-green tongue is a liver or gallbladder problem: it is slightly grayish brown and usually has digestive system diseases.

2. What are the common knowledge of oral care?

1。

Brush your teeth for at least 2 minutes. Brush your teeth for at least 2 minutes, at least twice a day, and change your toothbrush every three months.

2。 Oral cancer is one of the most deadly cancers.

People often ignore oral lumps or blisters, which may lead to serious problems such as oral cancer. Therefore, no matter how small those signs are, you should seek medical advice as soon as you find them.

3。 Wipe off lipstick or lipstick before seeing a doctor.

Otherwise, it will rub on the doctor's gloves, even dirty teeth and gums, which will affect the doctor's color diagnosis. 4。

Exercise can also cause dental problems. Strenuous exercise may lead to dehydration and weaken the function of saliva in preventing oral diseases.

In this way, the risk of tooth decay and bacterial accumulation will increase. Many sports drinks contain unexpected sugar and acid, which may damage your enamel.

5。 Oral cavity indicates general health.

The mouth affects other parts of the body. If there is gum problem, the prevalence of heart disease is four times higher than that of the general population.

If the first molar is short, it sometimes hurts, indicating that there is something wrong with digestion. 6。

Stop taking painkillers before going to the dentist. Some people often take aspirin and other drugs, but when pulling teeth, it will make you bleed a lot.

7。 Gingival bleeding is very serious.

Gum bleeding is an inflammatory symptom, and it is very likely that you have been infected. 8。

Not all abrasives contained in toothpaste are harmful. Many people think that abrasives in toothpaste can damage teeth.

In fact, on the contrary, soft abrasives such as anhydrous silicic acid and papain contained in toothpaste can play a role in polishing and whitening teeth. 9。

Eating sugar does not necessarily lead to tooth decay. There is not much problem in eating sweets as long as they are cleaned up in time.

Besides, a balanced diet is the key to a healthy smile. For example, frequent skipping meals can lead to high oral acidity, which can lead to tooth decay and gum problems.

10。 Tongue also has a health code.

The tip of the tongue is bright red, indicating that there may be thyroid or heart problems; If the tongue is yellow-green, it is a problem of liver or gallbladder; Slightly grayish brown, usually accompanied by digestive system diseases.

3. What should I pay attention to in daily oral care?

First, brush your teeth every day. Use dental floss and tongue brush after brushing your teeth, and have regular oral examination and cleaning.

Articles used for oral care should be disinfected before they can be used by patients, and the principle of aseptic operation should be observed. The operation should be light and meticulous to keep the oral mucosa intact and avoid unnecessary damage.

The cotton ball used must be clamped to prevent the cotton ball from staying in the patient's mouth. And be careful that the cotton ball is not too wet to prevent the solution from being inhaled into the respiratory tract.

To do oral care, we should pay attention to the changes of oral melting film, such as congestion, inflammation, erosion, ulcer, swelling, abnormal color change of tongue coating and so on. Reference: Digou Dental Materials and Equipment Network for reference.

4. Dental nurses

First, the professional quality that stomatology nurses should have.

(1) has a high sense of responsibility and compassion for patients. When patients enter the consulting room, they should take the initiative to greet them warmly, guide them to sit down, adjust the position and lighting of the chair, and quickly prepare the required instruments and materials and X-rays according to the needs of treatment.

(2) be familiar with this professional knowledge. You must be familiar with the causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention methods of common frequently-occurring diseases in undergraduate courses, so as to actively cooperate with the treatment and impart preventive health care knowledge to patients at any time.

(3) Be familiar with the performance, operation steps, precautions and maintenance knowledge of modern oral medical equipment and instruments.

(4) Seriously study the knowledge of four-handed operation. Combined with the characteristics of each major, master the four-handed operation skills skillfully, and truly achieve high.

Efficient and high-quality service for doctors and patients.

Second, the basic knowledge of stomatology that oral nurses should have

(1) knowledge of hospital infection control

(2) Medical and health regulations

(3) medical crisis management

(4) Service etiquette

(5) Introduction to oral anatomy.

(6) Introduction to Oral Histology

(7) Tooth morphology and occlusal physiology

(8) Common oral diseases

(9) Common dental diseases

(10) Introduction to Preventive Stomatology

(1 1) Contents and methods of oral health education

(12) Use and maintenance of common dental equipment

Third, theoretical knowledge.

primary nurse

1. Familiar with oral basic structure, oral physical examination, oral anatomy and physiology, oral and maxillofacial general examination, oral infection prevention and four-handed operation technology.

2. Master the occurrence mechanism and nursing points of common symptoms of oral diseases such as toothache, gingival bleeding, dental caries, pulpitis and periapical periodontitis, periodontal disease, oral mucosal disease and tooth defect.

3. Master the mechanism and nursing points of common symptoms in stomatology, prosthodontics, orthodontics, children's teeth, implant dentures and maxillofacial surgery.

Fourth, nursing skills

primary nurse

1. Understand the names, uses and disinfection of commonly used instruments in dental clinics, such as various hole-making needles, curettes, bottom materials, glass plates, metal mixing knives, cement fillers, etc.

2. Master amalgam filling instruments, resin filling instruments, inactivation instruments and pulp capping instruments to prepare pulp pulling treatment instruments.

3. Familiar with the application and nursing of orthodontic patients with movable appliance and fixed appliance.

4. Familiar with the characteristics of model making technology and model trimming technology in specialized nursing.

Basic knowledge of being a nurse 1. Key points of basic nursing knowledge

The formation of nursing: 1, early human care-regardless of doctors and wizards; 2. Medieval nursing-the hospital was founded by nuns; 3. Renaissance-it became an independent aristocratic profession; 4. Religious Reform-dark period; The basic tasks of nursing are: relieving pain, preventing diseases, restoring health and promoting the material environment of healthy hospitals; Space, temperature, humidity, ventilation, light, sound, decoration; Among them, the distance between beds shall not be less than one meter, and curtains shall be provided between beds when necessary.

General ward temperature 18~22, neonatal and elderly ward temperature should be kept at 22~24. The humidity of the ward should be 50%~60%.

Opening the window and ventilating for 30 minutes can achieve the purpose of replacing indoor air. During the day, the ideal noise intensity of the hospital should be kept at 35~45 decibels. Nurses should do "four lightness" in their work, that is, speak lightly, walk lightly, operate lightly and open and close doors lightly.

The operating room should be decorated with green or blue to make patients feel quiet and trust! The interpersonal relationship in the hospital mainly includes: nurse-patient relationship, patient-friend relationship and patient-other personnel relationship. Bed unit refers to the furniture and equipment provided by medical institutions to patients during hospitalization. It is the most basic living unit for patients to rest, sleep, eat, excrete and treat.

The method of making the bed includes arranging spare beds, temporary empty beds, anesthesia beds and beds for bedridden patients. During the operation, the bedside table is about 20 cm, and the bedside chair 15 cm is removed. Nursing procedures for inpatients: go through admission procedures, carry out sanitary disposal, and escort patients into wards. Nursing care of general patients after admission: prepare bed units, welcome new patients, measure patients' temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and weight, measure and record their height when necessary, inform doctors to visit patients, assist in physical examination or treatment when necessary, and fill in admission cases and related nursing forms (fill in various forms of eyebrow column and hospitalization cases page by page with blue pen, record the first basic life disease and height and weight vertically between temperature sheets, fill in the diagnosis card of admission registration card, and use red pen.

Nursing care of emergency patients after entering the ward: prepare the bed unit, prepare the first-aid articles and medicines, cooperate with the rescue, and temporarily keep the accompanying staff for graded nursing; According to the severity of illness and the different nursing levels of patients' self-care ability, they are divided into four levels, namely, super nursing, first-class nursing, second-class nursing and third-class nursing. Nursing care of special care recipients; The patient is in critical condition and needs to be observed and rescued at any time.

(such as organ transplantation after severe trauma, complicated and difficult major surgery, extensive burns and serious medical diseases, etc.). ) the content of nursing; Arrange special personnel for 24-hour nursing, closely observe the changes of illness and vital signs, formulate nursing plans, strictly implement various diagnosis and treatment and nursing measures, fill in special nursing records in time and accurately, prepare medicines and medicines needed for first aid, do basic nursing well, prevent complications and ensure the safety of patients.

Primary health care; Applicable object; The patient is critically ill and needs absolute rest. (such as various major operations, shock, coma, paralysis, high fever, massive bleeding, liver and kidney failure and premature infants, etc.). ) nursing content; Patrol patients every 15~30 minutes to observe the changes of illness and vital signs; Make a nursing plan, strictly implement various diagnosis and treatment and nursing measures, and fill in special nursing records timely and accurately; Do a good job in basic nursing, prevent complications and meet the physical and mental needs of patients.

Secondary nursing, applicable object; The patient is seriously ill and can't take care of himself (such as those who are in stable condition after major surgery, the elderly, the infirm, the chronically ill and the children, etc.). ); Patrol patients every 1~2 hours to observe their condition; Nursing according to routine nursing: giving necessary life and psychological support to meet patients' physical and mental needs. Three-level nursing, applicable object; The patient's condition is mild and he can basically take care of himself.

(such as general chronic diseases, disease recovery period, preoperative preparation stage, etc. Nursing content: patrol the patient twice a day to observe the condition; Nursing according to routine nursing; Give health care guidance, urge patients to abide by hospital rules and regulations, and meet patients' physical and mental needs. Chapter IV Comfort and Safety Comfort; It means that the individual is in a state of relaxation, satisfaction, comfort, health and peace, and there is no self-feeling of anxiety and pain.

Uncomfortable; The physical and mental health of an individual is imperfect or defective, and his physical and mental needs cannot be fully met. Pain is the most serious symptom of discomfort. Nursing principles for patients with discomfort; Give priority to prevention and promote the comfort of patients; Strengthen observation and find out the cause of discomfort in time; Take effective measures to eliminate or alleviate discomfort; Trust each other and give psychological support.

Lying position; Classification of supine position; Active position, passive position and forced position. Change it at least every two hours.

Common supine position; Supine position (supine position without pillow ~ anesthetized patient; Concave supine position ~ shock patients; Patient supine position ~ abdominal examination and catheterization; ), lateral position (* * *, * * check and cooperate with gastroscope, enteroscope and intramuscular injection to prevent pressure ulcers), semi-sitting position (patients after face and neck surgery, patients with dyspnea caused by cardiopulmonary disease, patients with inflammation after thoracoabdominal pelvic surgery, patients with weak constitution during recovery period), prone position (patients with heart failure, pericardial effusion and bronchial asthma attack). Abdominal pain caused by spinal surgery and flatulence), head low and feet high (pulmonary secretion drainage, duodenal drainage, premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy, traction of calcaneus and tibial tubercles), head high and feet low (traction-inversion during skull traction for patients with cervical spine fracture to prevent brain edema, patients after craniocerebral surgery), knee chest position (* * *, rectosigmoscopy to correct fetal malposition or subjective feeling that existing or potential tissue damage is harmful to the body. Pain is a danger warning that individuals are harmed; 2. Pain is a feeling of physical and mental discomfort; 3. Pain is often accompanied by physiological, behavioral and emotional reactions. Nursing evaluation of pain; Evaluation content; The location, time, nature, degree and manifestation of pain. The World Health Organization divides pain into four grades, namely; Level 0, painless; .

2. What basic knowledge do you need to master as a nurse?

Nurses should master the following five basic knowledge:

First, have certain cultural literacy, nursing theory and humanistic knowledge, as well as the basic knowledge of participating in nursing education and nursing research. Can be competent in nursing work, be brave in learning professional skills, and maintain a high level of nursing.

Two, have strong nursing skills, can apply the working methods of nursing procedures to solve the existing or potential health problems of patients.

Third, have a healthy psychology, cheerful and stable emotions, tolerance and openness, and a strong body. Work style is rigorous, implicit, positive, decisive, agile and realistic.

Fourth, pay attention to civility and politeness, use standardized language, have a kind attitude, be steady and dignified, dress neatly and be generous.

5. Have good medical ethics and integrity. Do not do illegal operations that violate moral conscience, do not do disloyal work, and safeguard professional reputation.

Extended data:

The nurse's job content:

1, do not operate illegally, wear labor insurance neatly, and implement basic and specialized nursing routine, nursing technical operation procedures and related rules and regulations.

2, to assist doctors to do a good job of consultation, counseling, consultation and treatment of patients and their families. Have a high degree of sympathy for patients, be considerate, caring, positive and enthusiastic, have a kind expression, speak softly, work patiently and meticulously, and answer questions without quarreling with patients.

3, implement the doctor's advice and nursing technical operation. Pay attention to patrol, observe the condition and infusion situation, and report to the doctor in time if any abnormality is found; Assist in the treatment of new, surgical, emergency and critical patients; Responsible for preparing and collecting blood, and escorting critically ill patients out for examination.

4, often go deep into the ward to communicate with patients, in order to obtain information about patients' condition, understand patients' doubts, solve patients' problems in time, and give psychological support and humanistic care.

5, strengthen the study of new knowledge of medicine and nursing, focusing on the relevant knowledge of undergraduate course room. Every patient's condition in this department is treated with drugs, just like the back of his hand, and he should be aware of it when checking, treating and nursing. Once an error occurs, it can be found early and judged accurately.

6, responsible for the management of medical documents and items, completes the inventory handover. After work, get ready for cleaning and the next day's work, and keep the working environment clean and beautiful. Timely report and reflect patients' opinions and requirements for hospital services, and make records.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-nurse

3. Basic knowledge that nurses need to master

Registration conditions for nurse qualification certificate:

1, full-time nursing midwifery course for more than 3 years.

2. Persons who have completed nursing clinical practice for more than 8 months in teaching and general hospitals and obtained corresponding academic certificates may apply for taking the nurse qualification examination.

The examination subjects are: professional practice and practical ability.

The examination contents include:

1, Professional Practice: The examination covers medical knowledge, basic nursing and skills related to health and diseases, as well as the clinical application ability of social and humanistic knowledge related to nursing.

2. Practical ability: The examination covers the clinical manifestations of diseases, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures, clinical application of nursing expertise and health education.

The knowledge you need to master includes basic nursing, pediatric nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing and so on, all of which are frequently tested.

4. What are the basic common sense of nurses?

The drug nurse should meet the following conditions:

(1) Master the basic knowledge of drugs, including pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.

(2) Master the correct administration methods and skills, and strictly abide by the principle of safe medication.

(3) Strict drug management, safeguard the rights and interests of users, and ensure safety and comfort.

(4) be familiar with the patient's condition, the purpose of medication, and observe the reaction after medication.

(5) Have a sense of responsibility. If in doubt, you should question the doctor's advice and refuse to provide unsafe drugs.

Strictly abide by the principle of safe drug use, give drugs according to the doctor's advice, and pay attention to observe the condition and curative effect. Drug therapy nurses should do the following:

(1) Patient: Be familiar with the condition, make clear the purpose of medication, and pay attention to the reaction after medication.

(2) Drugs: Be familiar with the dosage, efficacy, adverse reactions and compatibility contraindications of commonly used drugs in wards.

(3) strictly follow the doctor's advice.

Strict implementation of the check system, in case of doubt should be verified before implementation. Three tests: preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative. Seven pairs: bed number, name, drug name, concentration, dosage, method and time.

5. Common sense that nurses must know

Let me look around for you. It seems that this is more in line with your requirements. 1.2 emergency nurses should have the first aid ability. One of the characteristics of emergency department is that patients have sudden onset, rapid change and critical illness, mostly due to traffic accidents and accidental injuries. Therefore, time is life, so we must react quickly, race against time and deal with it in time to save the lives of patients.

1.3 emergency nurses should have good language skills. Emergency rescue often includes pre-hospital rescue and in-hospital first aid, so its work scope is large, the service population is complex, it involves many related departments and needs a lot of coordination work. Moreover, the situation is very urgent, so emergency nurses must have good language skills and communication skills in order to coordinate and organize large-scale rescue and accident handling.

2 emergency nurses should have the quality

2. 1 The physical emergency department has great responsibilities, heavy tasks, strong randomness, poor first-aid environmental conditions and great physical strength. When dealing with accidents such as large-scale car accidents and critically ill patients, it often involves carrying patients and requires strong physical strength. At the same time, in order to save patients, sometimes it takes a long time to fight. Therefore, without a strong body, it is impossible to do emergency rescue.

2.2 Political Qualities Emergency patients are often sudden and often have no family members or companions. In the process of rescuing and observing patients, only one nurse is present most of the time; There are also some patients who have no money and no owners. At this time, we need the dedication of nurses. Therefore, emergency nurses are required to have high political quality and moral cultivation, good medical ethics, lofty ideological realm, good prudence and independent spirit, and serve patients with full enthusiasm. Regardless of personal gains and losses, the patient's life is above everything else. Put the interests of patients and hospitals first.

2.3 Professional emergency patients are often in a dangerous condition and in a state of emergency, which requires our medical staff to have superb and skilled rescue skills; Able to respond sharply, operate skillfully, cooperate tacitly and methodically; Have a more accurate foresight. Therefore, nurses in the emergency department must constantly strengthen the study and training of business skills, insist on learning from the old age, and all work must be "stable, accurate and fast" in order to race against time and strive to improve the medical quality and rescue level. Master the basic knowledge and skills of pre-hospital first aid, and master the use and storage of rescue equipment; Familiar with the function, usage and precautions of commonly used rescue drugs, and have strong communication skills and skills.

In a word, emergency nurses must have good personal accomplishment and "people-oriented" service concept; We must have the spirit of selfless dedication, and we must have the idea that everything is for patients and everything is for life; There should be a spirit of not being afraid of hardship and fatigue and a professional ethics that patient safety is above all else.

6. What common sense do nurses have to know?

Three checks and eight pairs are the most important. Pay attention to communication attitude, use proper words, sweet talk to young people, be patient with old people and encourage children.

Eyes, eyes, mouth, hands and feet should be diligent. If you have any questions, check them. If you don't understand, be sure to ask.

Practice the operation technique more, check it again after operation, observe the critically ill patients more, don't be impatient when giving drugs and injections, repeat oral orders, remember the first aid knowledge well, and record clearly. These are all the experiences I got from my internship. Although it is not comprehensive, it is very helpful for me to speak with my mouth. No matter what I do, I will take you seriously, and generally there will be no problem. If the patient doesn't ask himself, I must check the doctor's advice and ask someone else.

Don't be so stressed, I believe you can do it well.