Tobacco and lung health knowledge

Tobacco and lung health knowledge _ The harm of tobacco There are many hazards of smoking, which not only devour the health and life of smokers, but also pollute the air and endanger others.

1. Lung diseases: 38 kinds of toxic chemicals are released when cigarettes are burned, among which tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine, dioxins and irritating smoke are harmful components. Cola oil is harmful to the mouth, throat, trachea and lungs. Tar in tobacco smoke is deposited on the villi of lung, which destroys the function of villi, increases phlegm and causes chronic diseases of bronchus, such as tracheitis, emphysema, cor pulmonale and lung cancer. According to statistics, the proportion of smokers suffering from lung disease after 60 years old is 74%, while the proportion of non-smokers suffering from lung disease after 60 years old is only 4%, which is a shocking figure.

Second, cardiovascular diseases: carbon monoxide in cigarettes reduces the oxygen content in the blood, causing hypertension and other related diseases.

Smoking will contract coronary artery, reduce or block supply, and lead to myocardial infarction. Smoking can increase adrenaline, make the heart beat faster, increase the heart load, affect blood circulation, and lead to more than 20 diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, sudden death syndrome, decreased respiratory function and stroke.

Third, smoking causes cancer: The study found that smoking is the fastest and richest way to produce free radicals. Each cigarette will produce at least 654.38+10,000 free radicals, which will lead to cancer and many chronic diseases.

Recently, a 50-year study was conducted on 35,000 smokers at Tidcliffe Hospital in Oxford, England. The results show that lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, liver cancer, oral cancer and sinus cancer are "significantly related" to smoking. Why smokers catch a cold easily is because the activity of lymphocytes in the human body decreases, leading to cancer. In view of the three major factors leading to smoking and cancer, the sooner you quit smoking, the better. Fourth, smoking can also lead to osteoporosis and early menopause. Smoking can make men lose their sexual and reproductive functions.

Smoking in pregnant women will lead to premature delivery and underweight of the fetus, and the probability of miscarriage will increase. Smoking makes teeth yellow, which makes bad breath easy. Smoking harms people, and the harm of passive smokers is five times that of smokers.

For the health of you and your family, you should quit smoking as soon as possible.

Fifth, the harm of smoking to intelligence. Smoking will affect people's attention. Some people think that smoking can refresh the mind, eliminate fatigue and inspire, which is totally unreasonable. Experiments show that smoking seriously affects people's intelligence and memory, thus reducing the efficiency of work and study.

Smoking is harmful to nothing. 53% of children in China smoke passively, which is even more harmful and prone to pneumonia, bronchitis, severe asthma and other diseases. If the current smoking situation continues, children's intellectual development, families and individuals who smoke will pay a huge price.

Tobacco and lung health knowledge _ Smoking is harmful to health information. Smoking is harmful to health information Tobacco smoke contains at least three dangerous chemicals: tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide. Tar is a mixture of several substances, which will be concentrated into a viscous substance in the lungs. Nicotine is an addictive drug, which is absorbed by the lungs and mainly acts on the nervous system. Carbon monoxide reduce that ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to the whole body.

A person who smokes/kloc-0.5 to 20 cigarettes a day is four times more likely to die of lung cancer, oral cancer or laryngeal cancer than a nonsmoker. The possibility of dying of esophageal cancer is four times that of non-smokers. The risk of dying from bladder cancer is twice as high; The risk of dying of heart disease is twice as high. Smoking is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and chronic lung disease itself will increase the risk of pneumonia and heart disease, and smoking will also increase the risk of hypertension.

Harm of various organs: The smoke of mouth and throat smoke (especially the tar contained in it) is a carcinogen-that is, it can produce cancer in the tissues it contacts, so cancer may occur in any part of the smoker's respiratory tract (including mouth and throat).

Nicotine in the heart and arteries can make the heart beat faster and blood pressure rise. Tobacco smoke may be due to carbon monoxide, which seems to promote the accumulation of atherosclerosis. This condition is one of the causes of many heart diseases. Heavy smokers are much more likely to die of a heart attack than non-smokers. Most smokers in the esophagus like to swallow a certain amount of cigarettes, so the digestive tract (especially esophagus and pharynx) is at risk of cancer.

Fine hairs arranged in the airway of the lung usually expel hydrogen foreign bodies from the lung tissue. These villi will constantly sweep the particles in the lungs into phlegm or mucus and excrete them. In addition to causing cancer, chemicals in tobacco smoke will gradually destroy some villi and increase mucus secretion, so chronic diseases will occur in the lungs and bronchitis will be easily infected. Obviously, the "smoker's cough" is due to the impairment of the mechanical efficiency of lung cleaning, so the amount of sputum has increased.

Bladder cancer may be caused by inhaling carcinogenic chemicals contained in tar, which are absorbed by blood and then sampled in urine.

Tobacco smoke contains at least three dangerous chemicals: tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide. Tar is a mixture of several substances, which will be concentrated into a viscous substance in the lungs. Nicotine is an addictive drug, which is absorbed by the lungs and mainly acts on the nervous system. Carbon monoxide reduce that ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to the whole body.

Knowledge of tobacco and lung health [2] Tobacco dust China is the country with the largest number of people exposed to dust and pneumoconiosis in the world, with a wide range of exposure and strong effect on pulmonary fibrosis (pneumoconiosis). There are all kinds of mineral dust, marble dust, cement dust, coal dust, asbestos dust, welding dust and so on. Tobacco dust is also a common occupational hazard dust, but the proportion of people exposed to tobacco dust is low, and the typical cases of pneumoconiosis caused by tobacco dust are few, which makes the previous research on respiratory system damage caused by tobacco dust not fully understood. No matter in textbooks or investigation documents, there are few descriptions of the pathological characteristics and functional damage characteristics of respiratory system damage caused by tobacco dust. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the damage of tobacco dust to lung function. Based on this, we conducted this research.

Based on the investigation of occupational hygiene in the workplace, this project determines the dust workplace, monitors and evaluates the harm of tobacco dust in the workplace every year, and then tests, calculates and analyzes the lung function of workers exposed to dust, and compares the difference of lung function between workers exposed to dust and the control group.

The observation objects are distributed in the workshops and sections of tobacco leaf pretreatment and silk-making processes with high tobacco dust concentration. For many years, the dust concentration has been monitored between 6.5 mg/m3 and 38.2 mg/m3, and only a few points are lower than the national health standard (3 mg/m3).

More than 80% of the samples have dispersion less than 5 microns, and the content of free silica is less than 65438 00%.

Selected indexes of pulmonary function examination: forced vital capacity (FVC), 1 sec expiratory volume percentage (FEV 1%), maximum mid-expiratory mean flow (MMEF), expiratory flow at 50% and 25% vital capacity. The last four items are indicators of ventilation resistance, among which the last three items can sensitively reflect small airway resistance. The criteria for judging the abnormality of each index are %FVC, FEV 1% < 80%, %MMEF, %V50 and% V25 < 70%. The results showed that the whole lung function index in the dust exposed group decreased obviously, and the number of people below the normal standard increased obviously. With the increase of length of service, lung function gradually declined, and the lung function index accounted for the theoretical prediction value after exposure to 10 years or more showed significant statistical differences. Smoking and inhalation of tobacco dust have synergistic effect, and the lung function of smokers exposed to dust decreases even more. The influence of tobacco dust on lung function in women is greater than that in men. The decrease of pulmonary ventilation function is more obvious than that of vital capacity index, especially the decrease of small airway resistance indexes MMEF, V50 and V25. The obvious damage of lung function shows that the harm of tobacco dust is not limited to dust lung, but also has potential pathogenic effect.

Searched by Nanyang Science and Technology Information Center, there are few similar investigation documents. The breakthrough of this study lies in long observation period, objective and accurate monitoring data, large survey sample and many analysis and test items. Both measured values and relative values are used in the comparison, and the workers exposed to dust also compare and analyze smoking and non-smoking, so the final conclusion is more objective and reliable.

This study confirmed the damage of tobacco dust to lung function, revealed the characteristics and laws of damage, and put forward prevention and control strategies, which provided a scientific basis for strengthening the prevention and control of occupational diseases in tobacco industry in the future and played a positive role in the healthy economic development of cigarette and flue-cured tobacco industry. It has guiding significance for scientific and correct health monitoring and clinical internal medicine of tobacco dust practitioners. Take the lead in carrying out research on occupational hazards of tobacco dust workers in China.