1, the position and function of the text
Winter in Jinan is the second text of Unit 3 in the first volume of junior middle school Chinese. It is a landscape prose by Lao She, a famous modern writer and people's artist, beginning with 193 1, to express his feelings by describing the beautiful winter scenery in Jinan.
According to this unit, on the basis of repeated reading, appreciate the beauty of natural scenery, feel the feelings between the lines, understand the meaning and function of words in the context, try to figure out wonderful words, sentences and paragraphs, practice intensive reading skills and make appropriate excerpts. As well as the description of the scenery in this paper, the language is accurate and vivid, and more metaphors and personification techniques are used to integrate feelings into the scenery and express the author's distinct impressions and feelings. The most vivid descriptions are the third and last paragraphs. The expression of the author's feelings is also unique and unusual. He did not express his feelings directly, but attached his love and praise for Jinan winter to the description of the scenery without trace. Therefore, it is particularly natural and sincere, and I have an understanding of infection. I have determined the teaching purpose and teaching difficulties of this article.
2. Teaching purpose
1) Knowledge objective:
A, understand the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery, and express his praise for Jinan, the treasure land of the motherland.
B, clarify the hierarchical structure of this article.
2) Ability objectives:
Cultivate students' ability to use rhetorical devices such as metaphor and personification.
Cultivate students' analytical and comprehensive abilities.
3) moral education objectives:
Cultivate students' thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland.
3. The focus and difficulty of the textbook
The teaching focuses on the use of rhetorical devices such as metaphor and personification, and the methods of scenery description, as well as understanding the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery and his praise for Jinan, a treasure of the motherland. Focus on paragraphs 3 and 5. The difficulty in teaching is the author's writing style of combining scenes.
Second, teaching methods.
1, according to the characteristics of the text and the actual situation of students, in order to stimulate interest, guide questions and guide induction for teaching.
According to the new Outline of Problems in Teaching, it is pointed out: "The teaching process should highlight students' practical activities, guide students to actively acquire knowledge, train scientifically, and improve their Chinese ability in an all-round way. "According to the objectives and contents of this course, starting from the knowledge base and development level that students have mastered, I use a variety of teaching methods to mobilize students' initiative, and teach by stimulating interest, guiding questions, and guiding induction. Let them express their opinions, communicate with each other, inspire each other and argue with each other under the guidance of teachers, so as to stimulate them to actively acquire knowledge and cultivate healthy emotions.
Firstly, stimulate students' interest in learning this article, then guide students to read the essay beautifully and think about the problems raised in the reading process. Finally, appreciate the text in the teacher's appropriate guidance, induction and summary to understand the author's feelings in this article.
2. Use audio-visual means such as audio-visual platform and recording to expand teaching capacity.
In teaching, I use audio-visual means such as audio-visual platform and recording to enrich the teaching means and expand the teaching capacity; This not only attracts students' attention and stimulates their enthusiasm for learning, but also promotes the understanding and consolidation of knowledge through direct perception, which conforms to the principles of consciousness and intuition in pedagogy.
This article is both literary and beautiful, suitable for reading aloud, and introduces reading aloud into teaching.
"Problems needing attention in teaching" points out: "In Chinese teaching, ... we should pay attention to accumulation, perception, edification and cultivation of language sense." This essay is a landscape essay with both literariness and aesthetic feeling, which is suitable for reading aloud. Therefore, reading teaching is introduced into the analysis of short passages, so that students can understand the beauty of scenery and objects in the articles through repeated reading.
Third, study the guidance of law.
Teaching is a bilateral activity between teachers and students. I follow the teaching idea of "teacher-oriented, student-centered, questioning as the main line" to guide the learning method, and adopt subjective thinking, group discussion and feedback practice.
In the process of guidance, we should first arouse the enthusiasm of students to participate in classroom learning, and then let students think, analyze and discuss independently according to a series of problems closely related to teaching, so as to solve the problems and consolidate the after-class problems after text appreciation. From perception to understanding, from sensibility to rationality, from study to school, students not only learn knowledge, but also improve their ability.
Fourth, teaching ideas
This article is an important reading and speaking text, with concrete knowledge and substantial content, and there are many things to master. Therefore, I arrange three classes in my teaching. My teaching assumption is that in the first class, I will initially understand the content of the article, understand the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery, and express my praise for Jinan, a treasure of the motherland. In the second class, we analyze the language and fully feel the author's feelings by learning rhetorical devices such as metaphor and personification. In the third class, compare this article with Zhu Ziqing's Spring to understand the characteristics and functions of prose. This case only shows the first category.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) teaching program
first kind
Teaching points:
A, understand the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery, and express his praise for Jinan, the treasure land of the motherland.
B, clarify the hierarchical structure of this article.
Cultivate students' analytical and comprehensive abilities.
D, cultivate students' thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland.
Teaching methods: stimulate interest, guide questions, guide induction and read aloud.
Teaching tools: courseware
Teaching steps:
In this class, I teach according to the principle of "introducing new lessons-teaching new lessons-feedback exercises-induction and summary".
1, new lesson introduction: I will spot-check the assigned preview homework first to make clear the answers to new words; Then introduce the new lesson with concise words and introduce the author and his experience related to the text with courseware.
2, teaching new lessons: before teaching, let students read the text with questions, so that students can perceive the text, the questions are typed like this in the courseware:
A. Why is Jinan a "treasure land"?
B, Jinan is a place with mountains and water. The three mountains view and water color are written in the article. What are their characteristics? What does the three mountains view have to do with it? Which of the four scenic spots do you like best and why?
C. How does the author feel about winter in Jinan?
D. Can the title be changed to Jinan in Winter?
After reading the text aloud, appreciate the text around the above questions; In the process of appreciation, I combine questions and analysis of the text structure to guide students to read the paragraph 1-2 first, and discuss and answer two questions: 1, why is Jinan a "treasure land"? How did the author express it at the beginning of the article? 2. What kind of topographical features does this feature of Jinan come from in winter? (Clear: 1. By comparison, the general characteristics of Jinan in winter are: no wind, sunny and warm.
Compared with Peiping-there is no wind.
Compared with London-no fog (sunny)? } ? paradise
Compared with tropical areas-drug-free day (warm and sunny)
2. The topographical features of Jinan: "Jinan is surrounded by hills, with a gap in the north." It determines the characteristics of warm and sunny winter in Jinan. Let the students try to draw this kind of terrain and understand its characteristics. Teachers can summarize according to the topographic map drawn by students. ]
Then, ask questions to guide students to learn 3-5 sections, focusing on analysis (1, Jinan is a place with mountains and water. In this paper, the view of three mountains is written, and the color of water is also written. What are their characteristics? What does the three mountains view have to do with it? What's the difference between verse 3 and verse 5 in the writing order of scenes? 2. What are the similarities between Section 3 and Section 5 in expressing feelings and rhetoric? )。 In the analysis, students can not only understand the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery, but also express their admiration for Jinan, the treasure land of the motherland, and have a deeper understanding of the content of the text. They can also mention the metaphors and anthropomorphic techniques used by the author to prepare for the next class. (Students make it clear after discussion:
1, the mountain in bright sunshine-Wenjing; Snow-covered mountains-exquisite; The distant mountains outside the city-quietly elegant; The color of water-green. The first picture is more general, while the second and third pictures are more detailed.
Write mountain scenery: top-down order, mountain, peak, hillside, mountainside ...;
Write water color: bottom-up order, water, air and mid-air.
2. The author describes the mountains covered by Bo Xue in the third section and the water color in the fifth section, which reflects his love and praise for winter; They all use metaphors and personification. )
3. Feedback exercise: Ask students to read the text according to the teacher's teaching and their own notes, and then answer exercise 1 in their own words after class, so as to deepen students' understanding of the text and experience the author's feelings.
4. Summary: On the basis of students' practice, this paper summarizes the author's writing about northern winter, which is characterized by paying attention to "warmth" instead of "cold" and "beauty" instead of "strength". And answer with the student * * *: How does the author feel about the winter in Jinan? Can the title be changed to Jinan in Winter? In the answer, the students can understand that the author's love for Jinan's winter is everywhere and express his praise. The title cannot be changed. Because "Winter in Jinan" describes the winter in this specific area of Jinan; The purpose of Jinan in Winter is to praise Jinan in this particular season and consolidate the final text.
Second lesson
1. What are the well-used metaphors and personification sentences in this article? Find out and think about why they are well written. Which word is best used? Where are the good things? Appreciation of beautiful sentences focuses on the expressive function of adding words. )
Suppose you want to tell a person who has never been to Jinan about its beautiful winter. With reference to the text, what aspects will you talk about? What are the highlights? (Intention: It is mainly to guide students to grasp the content of the text as a whole, clarify their thinking, grasp the key points, find out what they think is wonderful, and train students' retelling ability. )
Tell everyone in the group or class what winter is like in your hometown, and then draw lessons from some writing methods of the text to write the most distinctive scenery in winter in your hometown, with unlimited words. This question trains students' oral and written expression ability. It is suggested that students learn from some writing methods of the text and grasp the characteristics of the scenery to write, with the aim of transforming the gains from reading into writing ability, which is the migration and deepening of reading. )