Using the method of health management, with the improvement of campus environment, functional environment and humanistic environment as the main body and teachers and students as the main body, we provide scientific, healthy and professional guidance. The following are the ways and methods of maintaining college students' mental health.
Ways and means for college students to maintain mental health 1 For college students, the most fundamental way to maintain mental health is to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. In addition, we should learn some specific psychological adjustment methods and arts to improve our self-psychological adjustment ability.
1, improve the ability to adapt to setbacks
Setbacks are inevitable in a person's life. Don't bemoan why you are so unlucky. You will always encounter disappointment or failure. In fact, everyone will encounter setbacks, just big and small. Mencius once said: "Heaven will take great responsibility for Sri Lankan people, and it will be hard for them to work hard, starve their bodies and empty their bodies." In other words, if you want to do anything successfully, you must pay a price, and setbacks and failures are part of the price you pay. It is not terrible to encounter failure or frustration. The key is how you deal with setbacks. Don't be disheartened and depressed when encountering setbacks.
First of all, correctly understand setbacks. Setbacks are both objective and subjective. The impact of setbacks on people depends not so much on the setbacks themselves as on their evaluation and attitude. Therefore, faced with the same setbacks, some people are anxious, complaining and pessimistic, while others are calm, calm and optimistic. Therefore, only by correctly understanding setbacks can we overcome them. We should regard setbacks as the normal state, have a correct cognitive way of setbacks, and not generalize and exaggerate the consequences, but also see the positive effects of setbacks.
Second, enhance toughness. Frustration tolerance is one of the main signs of a person's mental health level. Also known as endurance and frustration tolerance, it refers to the individual's tolerance and tolerance for setbacks. People with strong tolerance for setbacks often have less reaction to setbacks, shorter time to feel setbacks and less negative impact on setbacks; And those who have poor resistance to setbacks are easily affected by setbacks and easily crushed by setbacks. A person's frustration tolerance is often influenced by many factors. It mainly includes physiological factors, life experience, ideological basis, personality characteristics, cognitive style, expectation level and psychological defense mechanism.
Third, improve the ability to adapt to setbacks. Anti-frustration is only a passive anti-frustration, which mainly plays the role of relieving stress, waiting for opportunities and maintaining normal psychological behavior. A more active and effective way is to directly adjust, change and eliminate setbacks, which is the ability to adjust setbacks. Its main features are actively adapting to frustration situations, consciously and effectively adjusting psychological contradictions, and constantly coordinating external environment and internal environment, which is conducive to individual development and improvement. This is a proactive method, which determines whether a person can grasp the environment, turn crisis into safety, turn defeat into victory, resolve difficulties and win the final victory. This is an important symbol of a person's mental health and personality.
2. Establish a scientific psychological defense mechanism.
The so-called psychological defense mechanism is a psychological adaptation mechanism to get rid of mental tension. By adjusting our own value system, we can change our cognitive and emotional responses to setbacks, thus reducing mental pain, maintaining self-esteem and achieving inner balance. There are two kinds of psychological defense mechanisms: positive and negative. Positive mechanisms such as sublimation and compensation often show a tendency of self-confidence, happiness and enterprising while buffering psychological setbacks, which can temporarily relieve people's pain and anxiety and help individuals overcome setbacks actively. Negative mechanism (modification, concealment, negation, fantasy, offset, etc.). ) is just a kind of self-deception, because the real problem is not solved, which can only make people escape from reality or fall into greater frustration or conflict situations, and excessive use may also lead to mental illness. Psychological defense mechanism is a very common psychological phenomenon in real life. It is not morbid in itself, but if it is used improperly or excessively, it will affect the individual's adaptation to the surrounding social environment and become abnormal. Whether a person uses psychological defense mechanism properly reflects a person's personality characteristics and mental health level. (For example, A Q's defense mechanism of "son beating Lao Zi". For college students, learning and being good at using positive psychological defense mechanism to deal with possible serious setbacks in order to achieve psychological balance and self-improvement is one of the important contents of college students' healthy personality development. But in essence, the function of psychological defense mechanism is passive and temporary, and it can only cure the symptoms, not the root cause. It is an attempt to alleviate psychological conflicts and reduce anxiety under the established frustration situation, so that people can better accept setbacks, rather than trying to change the situation that causes psychological conflicts and anxiety, so as to overcome setbacks and win success. Therefore, the use of psychological defense mechanism is not the fundamental way to solve the problem. It is important to establish a dialectical materialist view in thought, fully understand the significance of setbacks to life, and at the same time improve the level of mental health.
3. Develop a happy habit and be an optimist.
Many of us think that if we are healthy and successful and everyone likes you, we will be happy. In fact, only if you stay happy will we be more successful, healthier and more popular. Unhappy people are always waiting for happiness, but most of this happiness will come to nothing. When we solve a problem and achieve some success, we are not happy, but we should keep a happy attitude and make it a habit. If you are unhappy, it is not that you have no reason to be happy, but that you have not formed the habit of being happy. We should have a pair of hearts that are good at finding happiness and feeling happiness.
4. Explore your own potential
The biggest treasure of this case
There is a 25-year-old girl in Saudi Arabia who is very beautiful. However, she was "dumb" for 20 years for unknown reasons. Repeated treatment is ineffective. One day, the matchmaker brought an ugly old man 25 years older than her. The girl's father forced her to marry him. In desperation, the girl said the first sentence in 20 years: "I would rather die than marry him!" " "The girl's deafness was cured.
According to the complete records of the Ministry of Medicine of China, in the Ming Dynasty, there was a girl who suffered from a strange disease. After yawning, her upper limbs could not be put down, so her family had to ask a doctor for treatment. I saw the doctor looking at the patient and saying that the Dantian point under the navel must be baked with Artemisia argyi to cure the disease. After that, she began to untie the girl's nepotism. The girl was ashamed and covered with her hands, and both her upper limbs were unconsciously put down.
In a sense, this belongs to the medical field. But this is not without enlightenment for life. As long as a person is in a specific environment and then stimulated, it will often arouse a mysterious force in the human body and completely relieve the original symptoms. In fact, many scientists who study human potential have pointed out that 90% of human abilities are dormant and have not been explored and developed. Some experts even say that in fact, 95% of people's abilities are not used in life and work.
People are very easy to be content with the status quo, and our inertia is the biggest obstacle to progress. Once we walk into this dead end, we rarely get out. Some people don't know their potential all their lives. If we give ourselves a brand-new try, a little more courage, a little more courage, maybe you will find a brand-new yourself. You can not only do it, but also do it well.
5. Learn interpersonal communication and tolerance.
People are social people, and communication is the inherent need of life development. When a person's communication needs are not met, he will feel depressed, and even have bad psychology such as loneliness, emptiness, depression, inferiority and fear. Serious performance will come from my isolation, escapism, self-abandonment, or conflict and confrontation with the outside world, and even lose confidence and courage in life. College students in their youth have a stronger demand for this kind of communication. Many students have this experience. Being with friends and engaging in a meaningful or interesting activity can relax the nervous mood, brainstorm, gain enlightenment, make people relaxed, happy and efficient, and make life colorful. As the famous American psychologist Rogers said: "As long as we can create an atmosphere of sincere coexistence, mutual understanding and mutual respect, miracles will happen. Everyone can gradually realize their full potential from rigidity to flexibility, from static to dynamic, from dependence to autonomy. " Bacon said: "if you tell a friend happiness, you will get two happiness;" And if you pour out your sorrow to a friend, you will be split in half. "People who are good at communication are often healthy, happy and successful. In interpersonal communication, people's self-confidence is often influenced by others' evaluation to varying degrees, and various psychological obstacles are often related to lack of self-confidence. Therefore, it is very important to maintain self-confidence in communication and learn not to care too much about other people's comments. If a person's self-confidence can only be established by others' self-affirmation, then he not only has no real self-confidence, but also is easily shaken when encountering difficulties. The reason why some college students lack self-confidence in interpersonal communication is often not their real lack of ability, but because they are too sensitive and care too much about other people's comments. But because I am too sensitive and care too much about other people's comments. They are often bound by the evaluation of others, so that they can't think clearly and express freely, and they are timid in interpersonal communication. Therefore, college students should learn to make a comprehensive and objective analysis of their own and others' evaluations. Cultivate true self-confidence.
Tolerance is not only a virtue, but also an important guarantee for successful communication and a manifestation of mental health. Tolerance is not only a generous tolerance for others, but also a tolerance for yourself. Don't be too demanding. Accepting oneself and others is an important principle of mental health.
6. Correct self-positioning
Inferiority, conceit, competitiveness, mutual comparison and blind competition are all inappropriate self-positioning. College students should try to avoid it. This is not only conducive to their own development, but also conducive to mental health. In addition, many freshmen have a bad habit, that is, they want to do many things at the same time, as if there are many things on their heads at the same time, waiting to be dealt with and completed. This is an important cause of psychological tension, anxiety and trouble. Some freshmen often feel that they have a lot to learn and do, but they don't know where to start. They are very anxious. This is a bad habit that is harmful to mental health. When we face many things, we will feel nervous, anxious and anxious. This feeling is not caused by study or work, but by our psychological state. The reason lies in the idea that I should finish things at once. Actually, you can only do one thing at a time. If we don't want too much, don't be too quick, focus on what we are doing and do it one by one, we will feel relaxed and full, and we will be able to do everything better without being in a hurry and anxiety. (role abandonment)
7. Be good at venting emotions
From the point of view of mental health, excessively suppressing one's emotions, especially bad emotions, will only aggravate emotional distress and is not conducive to mental health. Moderate catharsis can release unpleasant emotions, thus relaxing nervous psychology. But we should pay attention to moderation, otherwise it will not only affect ourselves, but also harm others.
Counting life
On the African grassland, there is an unremarkable animal called vampire bat. Very small, but it is the natural enemy of wild horses. This bat feeds on the blood of animals. When attacking a wild horse, it often attaches itself to the horse's leg, pierces the horse's leg with sharp teeth, and then sucks blood with its sharp mouth. No matter how wild horses jump and run, they can't get rid of this bat. Bats can easily attach themselves to wild horses and land on their heads until they are full and then fly away with satisfaction. Wild horses often die helplessly in rage, running and bleeding. When analyzing this problem, zoologists agree that blood-sucking bats absorb very little blood, which is far from killing wild horses. The death of wild horses is caused by their violent habits and rushing.
Ask questions in class. What does the death of the wild horse tell us? (Please answer 2-3 students)
Case analysis Wild horses don't know how to control their emotions in the face of small setbacks, but they are furious and rush, leading to their own death. In the face of setbacks, college students should learn to be rational and optimistic, learn to vent moderately, and don't indulge their bad emotions, otherwise their physical and mental health will be affected.
8. Have a little more sense of humor
A person who can treat others with humor can often turn unhappiness into happiness and bring happiness to others. Humor is a relief from tension. When encountering setbacks, difficulties or embarrassments, it is smart to use humor to resolve the dilemma and maintain psychological balance, which is also a high expression of psychological cultivation. College students should practice hard. Listen to cross talk more. "Look at many people, their hair turns white at a young age, which is why they don't like to listen to cross talk." -Hou linbao.
Ways and methods to maintain college students' mental health. Maintaining college students' mental health is the core content of college students' mental health education at present. Keeping healthy psychology is the content of psychological education that contemporary college students must attach importance to, and it is also the best way to prevent psychological abnormalities. Everyone lives in different environments and encounters different problems, so there is no one set of methods suitable for everyone. So the principles or methods described below are not necessarily important. It is important that you do it, because life is an art, and whether you use it well depends on your heart.
1. Know yourself and accept yourself.
Shallow self-knowledge, inability to locate oneself accurately and inability to accept oneself happily are the main reasons for psychological abnormality. Self-confident and self-reliant people have the most accurate positioning and comprehensive understanding of themselves. In fact, the latter three are not completely ignorant of themselves. They just treat themselves in a distorted form, that is, they can't accept themselves happily, and the root cause is inferiority. Only by accepting the true self, choosing suitable goals, seeking good methods, not flinching at will, not doing things beyond one's ability, and accepting oneself happily can we avoid psychological conflicts and emotional anxiety, and make people feel at ease and get healthy.
2. Face the reality and adapt to the environment
Being able to face the reality is the objective standard of mental normality. People with mental health can always keep good contact with reality. First, they can exert their best ability to transform the environment and make the external reality conform to their subjective wishes; Second, they can choose another goal or re-select methods to adapt to the real environment when they are beyond their ability. The biggest feature of psychopathy is to be divorced from reality or escape from reality. They may have beautiful ideals, but they can't correctly evaluate their abilities and ignore objective laws, so their ideals have become castles in the air. So I blame others or feel sorry for myself and escape from reality.
In real life, we should have the spirit of "going our own way and letting others talk". If we always follow the crowd, we will lose our autonomy and anxiety will arise. People live in reality, and there is no one who is not judged. The so-called "quality" of "character" is three mouths. In an unhealthy environment, the quality of personality is often said, so a man must have his own principles. If you always think about "am I worthy of others" and "what will others think of me", you will lose yourself. Look at the face of teachers and leaders, look at the faces of classmates and friends, please on all sides, but in the end you may be besieged on all sides.
On the other hand, we should also pay attention to our friends' suggestions. Self-righteous, go its own way, will only fall into a situation of being inseparable and being ignored. Confucius said, "He who knows shame is brave." The word "shame" is a cognitive word, which can be written in two ways: one is "shame", that is, when you hear others speak ill of you, you should stop your behavior; The other is "listening to your heart", that is, when you hear what others say about you, you should reflect on your behavior with your heart. If you can do this, you are "shameful", otherwise you are "shameless".
3. Make friends and be kind to others.
Being good at communicating with others is a necessary condition for mental health. Man is a gregarious animal. With the crowd, we can not only get help and information, but also let our suffering, happiness and troubles, sadness and no one comfort and talk. What will it taste like? As far as mental health is concerned, people also need friends. When getting along with people, we should have more positive attitudes or emotions such as respect, trust and joy, instead of negative attitudes or emotions such as hatred, jealousy, doubt, fear and disgust. Life is beautiful, and the ability is vented, shared and embodied, thus promoting self-improvement and maintaining psychological balance and health. Imagine: What does it feel like if a person meets a happy event and no one congratulates him? Getting along with others is good for mental health. The principle of getting along with others is to be worthy of others and yourself. Although we don't advocate people hitting your left face and sticking your right face in the past, we don't approve of people treating you as an enemy because of a small matter. Interpersonal relationships are complicated, so you must make friends in different degrees. For those who have been proved not to make friends, we might as well make friends with each other. We don't have to be jealous of evil, just pay attention to the appropriate distance. The so-called take a step back when something happens, and the sky is vast; Reward everything on merit, the road is narrow and the forest is deep. Please appreciate Zheng Banqiao's generosity of "losing is a blessing" and "being confused is rare"!
4. study hard and have a reasonable rest
Learning is the bounden duty of students and the foundation of future work. Academic achievement is also the embodiment of one's own value and one of the criteria for comparison with others. University study is intense and busy. If you don't adjust your mood for a long time, it will inevitably lead to psychological abnormality. Therefore, studying hard during school is also one of the ways to maintain mental health. College students should arrange their study and rest reasonably, so that rest can really become an opportunity to recover their physical strength, adjust their brains, increase their knowledge and gain health.
The maintenance of mental health mainly depends on oneself. To ensure mental health, we need to rely on our own confidence and perseverance. If we master the knowledge about mental health and psychological counseling, we can not only care and maintain our mental health at any time, but also correct our behavior at any time.
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