First, the damage of noise to the auditory mechanism
The direct harm of noise to human body is hearing loss. According to statistics, there are more than 70 million deaf people in the world today, all because of noise. Expert research has proved that indoor noise is the main cause of children's deafness. If you live in noise above 85 decibels, the deaf can reach 5%.
Second, the impact of noise on conversation and communication
Noise interferes with people's conversation and communication. Usually, the intensity of people's normal conversation is 60 ~ 70dB. When the ambient noise of the call is 60dB, the meaning of the other party can be clearly heard. When the noise exceeds 70dB, the mobile phone cannot be used.
Thirdly, the influence of noise on human physiology.
Noise has a serious impact on human physiology. Under the action of strong noise, the excitation and inhibition of cerebral cortex are unbalanced, leading to conditioned reflex, damaging the changes of cerebrovascular tension and EEG, and even causing exudative hemorrhage in severe cases. The physiological changes caused by noise can be recovered in a short time (within 24 hours), but if it is not recovered in time, it will form a firm excited focus, resulting in clinical symptoms such as headache, brain swelling, dreaminess, insomnia, palpitation, decreased neurobehavioral ability and general fatigue. Symptoms such as palpitation, irritability and memory loss may also occur.
Fourthly, the influence of noise on human psychology.
Noise makes people anxious, easily tired and upset, thus affecting people's attention and work efficiency, especially those complicated operations that require high concentration. Studies have found that noise exceeding 85 decibels can make people feel agitated, unable to concentrate on their work and reduce work efficiency. Noise can also cause fatigue, and high-frequency noise is more likely to cause fatigue.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) The influence of noise on people's normal life
Quiet is an important environmental factor for people's normal rest, sleep and social activities, but under the interference of various noises, quiet environment is becoming less and less. The noise level of the ideal sleeping environment is lower than 35dB. When the noise exceeds 50dB, about 65,438+05% people's normal sleep will be affected. Rest and sleep are necessary conditions for people to eliminate fatigue, restore physical strength and keep healthy, but noise makes people nervous and short of breath. Over time, they will get neurasthenia, manifested as insomnia, tinnitus and fatigue.
Six, noise damage to vision
Noise can also affect vision. Experiments show that when the noise intensity reaches 90 decibels, the sensitivity of human visual cells decreases and the reaction time to identify weak light is prolonged. When the noise intensity reaches 95 decibels, 40% people have dilated pupils and blurred vision, while when the noise reaches 1 15 decibels, the adaptation of most people's eyes to light brightness is weakened to varying degrees. Therefore, people who are exposed to noise for a long time are prone to eye fatigue, eye pain, dizziness and tears.
Prevention and control management?
The following three suggestions:
1. In order to protect people's hearing and health, the allowable value of noise is 75~90 decibels.
2. Ensure conversation and communication, and the allowable value of environmental noise is 25~50 decibels.
3. It is recommended to sleep at 35~50 decibels.
noise control
train noise
1. To reduce the noise of sound source, industries and transportation industries can choose low-noise production equipment, improve production technology, or change the motion mode of noise source (such as damping and vibration isolation to reduce the vibration of solid sound generator).
2. Reduce the noise in the sound transmission path, control the noise transmission, change the noise transmission path that has been emitted by the sound source, such as taking measures such as sound absorption, sound insulation, sound barrier and vibration isolation, and rationally plan the layout of cities and buildings.
3. When noise protection cannot be taken for the receiver or receiver in terms of sound source and transmission route, or acoustic measures still cannot achieve the expected effect, protective measures must be taken for the receiver or receiver. For example, workers who have been exposed to occupational noise for a long time can wear ear protection products such as sound-proof earplugs, earmuffs or helmets.
Preventive and control measures
1. Building soundproof forest
2. Move enterprises with serious noise pollution out of urban areas.
3. Prevention at the source to reduce the transmission process.