Blood routine report depends on key items.
Blood routine is the most common item in physical examination. Many people can't help but worry when they see that some of their test results are within the reference range, and some are marked with "↑" and "↓". Detection of abnormal reference values does not mean that there is a health problem. Routine blood tests, as long as the main indicators are normal, other secondary indicators are high or low is not a big problem. After getting the test sheet, we mainly look at four indicators: the total number of white blood cells, the total number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets.
Usually, the reference value of white blood cells is 7~ 10. When the value increases, it may be infected by virus. However, there is a significant decline, and the subjects should check whether they have autoimmune diseases. It is worth noting that when affected by radiation, the total number of white blood cells will also decrease or cause hematopoietic dysfunction.
Thrombocytopenia should be checked regularly. If it is significantly reduced for a long time, systemic hemorrhagic diseases such as leukemia may occur. At the same time, Dr. Liang reminded physical examiners that platelets are also affected by certain physiological conditions, such as female menstruation, so don't worry too much. The reference value of red blood cells is between 3.5 and 5.5. Please refer to hemoglobin and hematocrit when red blood cells decrease. If the three items are reduced at the same time, it means that the body may be anemic.
Urine routine results are influenced by many factors.
Urine routine can predict urinary tract infection, calculus, acute and chronic nephritis, diabetes and other diseases, and it is the most routine examination.
Dr. Liang pointed out that urine protein, urine sugar, urine ketone body, urine red blood cell, white blood cell and urine specific gravity are the main standards of urine routine, and other items can also be used as reference. On the urine test list, we often see some symbols. "+"means positive results ("++"and "++"mean different degrees) and "-"means negative results. A positive result is usually a sign of urinary system diseases.
Under normal circumstances, the reference value of urine routine is: urine pH 4.51~ 8; Urine specific gravity (SG)1.015 ~1.025; PROtein (Pro) is negative; Glucose (Glu) is negative; Ketone body (KET) was negative; Bilirubin negative; Nitrite (NIT) negative; Leukocyte (Leu) negative; Red blood cells (RBC) were negative. According to the standard comparison of the normal range, when the white blood cells on the urine test report are positive, it often indicates urinary system infection; When red blood cells in urine are positive, it indicates kidney calculi, tumor, acute nephritis, etc. May exist; The decrease of urine pH indicates that urine is strongly acidic. Consider whether you have diabetes, gout, chronic glomerulonephritis or taking acidic drugs. When alkaline, it can be seen in frequent vomiting and urinary system infection. The pathological increase of urea can be seen in kidney diseases, long-term diarrhea, severe vomiting, urinary calculi and so on.
The results of routine urine examination are sometimes influenced by diet, drugs, age and other factors, so occasionally individual indicators are found to be slightly elevated, which may not have clinical significance and can be rechecked. If it exceeds the reference value for many times in a row, it will attract attention. It is recommended to go to the Department of Nephrology for further examination and consultation.