You can identify diseases by shoes.
Lateral wear of sole
Too much wear on the outside of the sole means too much pressure on the outside of the heel. Usually, due to high arch and knee-ankle varus, excessive weight tends to the outside of the foot, resulting in serious wear on the outside of the shoe. Walking in this way will easily lead to ankle sprain and injury, and uneven stress for a long time will also lead to increased cartilage wear of ankle joint and knee joint, which will aggravate the degeneration of ankle joint and knee joint and cause arthritis.
Suggestion: practice gait, correct incorrect gait, develop normal walking posture, and then correct the load line of lower limbs.
Internal wear of sole
Excessive wear on the inside of the sole indicates that the stress on the inside of the heel is too large, which may be caused by valgus of the knee and ankle or flat feet. When the knees and ankles are inverted and the arch of the foot is flat, the foot leans inward, and the load-bearing area moves inward when landing, resulting in serious wear on the inner side of the sole. Because the arch of the foot becomes smaller, the flexibility of the foot is obviously reduced, and the body's ability to cope with ground impact is reduced, which makes the calf muscles more tense due to overwork, and then frequent cramps and swelling of the medial ankle joint may occur. At the same time, long-term strong ground impact will accelerate the degeneration of ankle-knee joint and even spine, leading to ankle-knee joint pain, pelvic anteversion, low back pain and other problems.
Suggestion: Gait practice, correct improper gait, develop normal walking posture, then correct the load line of lower limbs, and put a comfortable insole with a certain thickness of elasticity in the shoes to make the pace more stable and relaxed.
Wear of lateral metatarsal bone of thumb
Wear of the lateral side of the big toe indicates that the lateral side of the big toe is under too much stress, which is mostly caused by hallux valgus and wearing high heels. When walking, such people will lift their heels prematurely and put too much pressure on their toes. Hallux valgus is common in the normal straight ankle joint due to congenital reasons or heavy load walking (such as wearing high heels). It is easy to lead to an increase in the incidence of corns, calluses, dead skin on the soles of the feet and bunions, and wearing high heels changes the strength line of the body, so it will cause low back pain, neck pain, knee arthritis, pelvic inclination and so on.
Suggestion: put soft insoles in shoes, avoid wearing narrow shoes and high heels, pay attention to rest when walking, massage to relieve calf muscles, relax achilles tendon and move ankles. If hallux valgus is serious, it can be corrected with braces, and a few serious cases may require surgical correction.
Wear it on your toes
If you can clearly see the impressions of the big and small toes on the upper, it means that the shoes are too small to match the feet. As a result, the contact area of toes is reduced, the toe adjustment ability and walking stability are obviously reduced, and it is easy to trip. At the same time, it increases the local pressure on the toes and the burden on the toes, which is easy to make the joints unstable and degenerate and deform prematurely.
Suggestion: Wear suitable shoes, that is, flat shoes with loose toes, so that the toes will not be crowded in the shoes and there is room for proper adjustment.
Wear of shoes
Most of them are caused by oversized shoes. When walking, in order to adapt to the oversized shoes, the toes will bend properly to drive the shoes forward. When landing, the shoe mouth will land first, and the foot will drag the shoe forward, causing the inner side of the shoe mouth to wear. Repeated walking friction can easily lead to heel blisters, plantar fasciitis, heel spurs and so on. Excessive exertion of the forefoot due to the dragging of the forefoot can also lead to muscle group injury and foot pain.
Suggestion: Choose the right size shoes.
Choose shoes according to foot type
The main concerns of general foot types are: toe size, toe length comparison, whether there is hallux valgus, toe width, arch height, heel width and shape, foot width and height, ankle-knee joint force line, whether there is varus, etc.
Common foot types mainly include the following three types:
1, Asian type: Most Asians have this type of foot, which is characterized by: the toes are obviously longer than the other four feet, the instep is wide and towering, and the heel is not round. Therefore, when choosing shoes, we should pay attention to whether the heel is suitable, otherwise the heel will easily slide in the shoes, damage the soles of the feet and walk hard.
2, quadrangular type: more common in the elderly over 65 years old, characteristics: the toes are basically the same length as the middle toes, and the toes are thick, and the little toes are easily crushed when wearing shoes. When choosing shoes, people with such feet should pay attention to the fact that their toes are not too narrow, and deny that they are easy to squeeze their toes.
3. European and American type: As the name implies, it is more common in Europe and America. Features: Long second toe, narrow and flat instep and smooth heel. Because the physical pressure is concentrated on the second toe, such people should choose shoes of half size or one size.
Judge whether the shoes fit.
The general principle is to choose the shoes that suit you according to the specific characteristics of your foot type, as follows:
1, the heel hardness is moderate, just enough to wrap the heel; But patients with sprained ankles can choose high-heeled shoes to help stabilize their ankles.
2. Press between the heel and the insole with your fingers, the hardness should be moderate, and there should be no obvious subsidence or obvious thinness.
3. Insert your finger into the toe to feel whether the shoes are wide and narrow, whether they fit your feet, and whether there is suitable space for toes to move. Leave a gap of about 1cm for women's shoes and about 2cm for men's shoes, so as to keep the proper adjustment ability of toes when walking.
4. Observe whether the ankle matches the shoe opening, the shoe opening should not be too wide or too narrow, and the shoe opening on the inside of the ankle should be lower than the outside.
5. The sole should be able to provide sufficient support for the arch, and there should be no contraction or relaxation in the center of the foot when walking.
6. Sole soles should be soft, comfortable and easy to bend, and it is easy to cause ankle muscle fatigue injury and pain and fatigue.
7. The toe part of the sole should have a certain range. If it is flat, it is easy to fall when walking.
8. It is the key to develop good walking habits and try to correct your bad gait.