What is cholera? What kind of disease does it belong to?

A fatal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae infection. Cholera is an acute diarrhea disease, which is caused by unclean seafood. The peak of this disease is in summer, which can lead to diarrhea, dehydration and even death within a few hours. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae, usually Vibrio cholerae serotype O 1, but in 1992, a new serotype O 139 caused an epidemic. Vibrio cholerae exists in water, and the most common cause of infection is eating water contaminated by patients' feces. Vibrio cholerae can produce cholera toxin and cause secretory diarrhea, even if it stops eating, it will continue to diarrhea. Washing rice-like feces is a feature of cholera. During the period of 18 17 ~ 1923, there were six worldwide pandemics in Asia, Africa, Europe and America. Cholera was introduced to China in 1820 (the 25th year of Qing Jiaqing), and has been prevalent for nearly 100 times since 1948, and all six world pandemics have spread to China. The three stages of cholera epidemic are described as follows. ① source of infection. It's patients and carriers. The proportion of Eirto cholera in mild patients is greater than that of classical cholera. There are three kinds of carriers: healthy carriers, latent carriers and post-illness carriers. The bacteria elimination time of healthy carriers is short, generally less than 7 days. The incubation period is mostly in the last day or two and lasts for a short time. There are two cases of carrier bacteria after illness: carrier bacteria in the recovery period within 3 months after the clinical symptoms disappear, carrier bacteria in the recovery period within one week for most patients, and chronic carrier bacteria (continuous discharge of bacteria for more than 3 months), which is rare and may be related to gallbladder or biliary tract inflammation. ② Transmission route. It is very complicated, which is transmitted by water and by the excrement (urine, feces) of the carrier. Food, hands and flies can also spread cholera. Prevention (1) infection source management: set up intestinal clinic, find isolated patients in time, make early diagnosis, early isolation, early treatment and early report, and keep contacts under observation for 5 days, and the isolation can only be lifted after three consecutive times of defecation. (2) cut off the route of transmission: strengthen health propaganda, actively carry out mass patriotic health campaigns, manage water sources, diet, dispose of feces, eliminate flies, and develop good health habits. (3) Protect susceptible people: actively exercise and improve disease resistance, and be vaccinated with cholera vaccine. A new oral recombinant B subunit/cell cholera vaccine was introduced in 2004.