The first chapter title
I. Multiple choice questions
1, psychological phenomenon is divided into (a)
A, psychological process and personality psychology B, cognitive process and personality psychology C, emotional process and personality psychology D, will process and personality psychology
2, psychological process including (D)
A, cognitive process, emotional process, behavioral process B, perceptual process, emotional process, behavioral process
C, sensory process, perceptual process, will process D, cognitive process, emotional process, will process
3. Personality psychological characteristics are formed and developed on the basis of (d) practice.
A, cognitive process B, emotional process C, will process D, cognitive process, emotional process and will process.
4. (3) Deeply study the basic theoretical problems of psychology.
A, general psychology B, developmental psychology C, theoretical psychology D, physiological psychology
5.(b) Studying psychology in various social fields in breadth.
A, social psychology b, applied psychology c, developmental psychology d, comparative psychology,
6, (f) is the psychological basis of the theory, mainly studying the basic principles of psychology and the general laws of psychological phenomena.
(e) It is a science that studies the occurrence and development of individual psychology.
(d) Whether psychological research is conducted under the control of the laboratory,
Is a branch of psychology that studies the social and psychological phenomena of individuals and groups.
(b) It is a branch of psychology, which studies psychological phenomena and behaviors. Based on physiological events and physiology in the brain, it tries to pass
The brain explains psychological phenomena for the activities of the central nervous system.
(1) It is a branch of psychology that studies the basic theory of animal behavior evolution and various behavioral characteristics of animals at different evolutionary levels.
A, Comparative Psychology B, Theoretical Psychology C, Social Psychology D, Experimental Psychology E, Developmental Psychology F, General Psychology
7. The psychology of further exploring and studying the specific phenomena and laws of psychological activities in various social fields is (C)
A, social psychology B, theoretical psychology C, applied psychology D, general psychology
8. The advantages of natural experiment method are (1)
A, reduce man-made, improve authenticity b, reduce man-made, reduce authenticity c, improve man-made, increase authenticity d, improve man-made and reduce authenticity.
9. The book Principles of Physiological Psychology is regarded by psychologists as a declaration of psychological independence.
A, Descartes B, Locke C, Feng Te D, Miao Lei
10 and (b) years, Feng Te established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig University, which was defined as the birth of psychology.
a、 1789 B、 1879 C、 1798 D、 1897
1 1, (a) known as the father of psychology or the first person in psychology,
A, Feng Te B, Locke C, Descartes D, Miao Lei
12. psychodynamic school was founded by (c).
A, Descartes B, Watson C, Freud D, Rogers
13, "the first major force in psychology" refers to (a)
A, psychoanalysis B, behaviorism C, cognitivism D, humanism
14, the symbol of behaviorism is 19 14. American psychologist (b) published Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology.
In the book, he is called the founder of behaviorism.
A, Rogers B, Watson C, Freud D, Maslow
Second, multiple choice questions
1, psychological phenomenon is divided into (a, c)
A, psychological process B, cognitive process C, personality psychology D, emotional process E, will process
2. Psychological process includes (c, e, g).
A, perception process B, perception process C, cognition process D, attention process E, emotion process F, behavior process G and will process.
3. Psychological characteristics of personality include (b, c, e).
A, cognition B, ability C, temperament D, emotion E, personality
4. Psychology can be divided into (A, D)
A, theoretical psychology B, developmental psychology C, general psychology D, applied psychology E, social psychology
5. The following belong to theoretical psychology (A, B, D, E)
A, general psychology B, social psychology C, educational psychology D, physiological psychology E, experimental psychology
6. The following belong to applied psychology (B, C, D, E)
A, social psychology B, educational psychology C, consulting psychology D, management psychology E, consumer psychology
7. Which of the following are the research contents of theoretical psychology (A, B, C, D, F)?
First, the nature of psychology; B, psychological methodology; C, physical and mental problems; D, psychological mechanism of learning; F, the physiological basis of psychology; And the origin of psychology.
8. The three characteristics of science are (a, b, d).
A, objectivity b, verifiability c, accuracy d, system logic e, descriptive.
9. (A, B, C) determines the natural science attribute of psychology.
A, the research object of psychology B, the historical origin of psychology C, the research method of psychology D, human sociality
The basic principles of 10 and (a, c) are the fundamental guiding ideology of psychological research.
A, dialectical materialism B, metaphysics C, historical materialism D, materialism E, mechanical materialism
1 1, the basic principles that psychological research must adhere to are (a, b, c, d),
A, objectivity principle B, systematicness principle C, development principle D, education principle E, cooperation principle
12, observation method can be divided into (a, b, c, e),
A, participatory observation and non-participatory observation B, on-site observation and situational observation C, long-term observation and short-term observation D, situational observation and control observation E, comprehensive observation and key observation
13, observation method to be effective, we must pay special attention to (b, c, d, e).
A, each time should be as long as possible; b, there should be a clear observation purpose; c, record d at any time; e, use modern means; each time should not be too long.
14, the experimental method is to study the relationship between (a, b) and the changing law on the premise of keeping other factors unchanged.
A, independent variable B, dependent variable C, human brain D, objective world
15, the experimental methods can be divided into (a, d)
A, laboratory experiment method B, scene experiment method C, participation experiment method D, natural experiment method
16, which aspects (a, b, c, d) should be mainly controlled in laboratory experimental research,
A, experimental situation B, control subjects C, control experimental stimulus D, and control subjects' reaction.
17, survey methods can be divided into (b, c, d, e),
A, general survey and special survey method B, general survey and special survey method C, fact feature survey and consultation survey D, structured survey and unstructured survey E, interview method, email questionnaire method and telephone survey method, etc.
18, the shortcomings of the survey method are (b, c, d).
A, it is difficult to get a lot of first-hand information in a short time. B, the respondent may deliberately not give a true answer.
C. Validity of the loss data of the closed problem D. The wording of the problem is not easy to determine
19, the general research methods mainly include (a, b, d).
A, experimental research design B, statistical processing of data C, sampling method D, logical thinking method
20. The history of psychological development is divided into (a, c).
A, brewing stage B, turning stage C, establishment stage D and development stage
2 1, Feng Te's historical contributions to psychology mainly include (a, b, d).
A, establish psychology B, establish experimental psychology C, publish Principles of Physiological Psychology D, and establish a professional team of psychology.
22. Freud divided human consciousness into (A, B, C).
A, consciousness B, pre-consciousness C, subconscious D, post-consciousness
23. Freud's early theories include (A, B, C).
A, subconscious theory B, dream interpretation C, universality theory D, instinct theory E, personality theory
Third, the judgment question
Psychology is a science that studies human behavior.
Psychology is the function of human brain, and it is the response of human brain to internal psychological activities.
3. In the psychological process, cognition and emotion are the foundation, and will is the driving force to transform cognition and emotion into behavior.
4. Psychological characteristics of personality include ability, temperament and perception.
5. Psychological process is formed and developed on the basis of personality psychological characteristics, which in turn affects the development of personality psychological characteristics.
6. It is applied psychology that reveals the law of the relationship between various psychological phenomena and between psychological phenomena and reality.
7. Psychology is a natural science discipline.
8. Psychology studies people. People are social, so psychology is a subject of social science.
9. Dialectical materialism philosophy provides a foundation for psychology.
10. Psychological research provides a basis for dialectical materialism philosophy by revealing the relationship between psychological phenomena and the objective world, so that people can consciously establish a scientific world outlook and outlook on life.
1 1. Psychology can be separated from philosophy because of the development of philosophy itself.
12. When conducting psychological research by observation, once there is an opportunity for observation, the observation time should be as long as possible.
13, experimental method is based on the purpose of research, control or create conditions to study the psychological activities of the subjects caused or changed.
14. In the study of experimental methods, the factor causing the change is the dependent variable.
15. There is no need to borrow instruments when studying psychological phenomena by observation.
16, the case study method takes the case as the research unit, not the group as the unit.
17, and the investigation method is to directly investigate the whole research population.
18, the research object of the survey method can come from volunteers.
19. In the survey method, the sample situation can only represent the overall situation if everyone in the whole population has equal chances of being drawn.
20. Introspection is a way to find answers to psychological questions by relying on introspection of one's own or others' conscious experience.
2 1, Aristotle's Theory of Soul, in a sense, may be the oldest psychological monograph.
22. Aristotle played an important role in the process of separating psychology from philosophy and becoming an independent discipline.
23, 1879, German Feng Te published the world's first book on psychology at the University of Leipzig, marking the birth of psychology.
24. Locke's book Principles of Physiological Psychology is regarded by psychologists as a declaration of independence of psychology.
25. Humanistic psychology advocates taking anyone as the research object, emphasizing human value, nature and dignity.
26. From the viewpoint of behaviorism information processing, it studies people's advanced psychological process, and emphasizes that people's existing knowledge structure plays a decisive role in their own behavioral process and cognitive process.
27. The rise of psychoanalysis is called the first revolution.
28. The rise of humanism is called the second revolution.
29. The experimental method is to study the relationship between dependent variables and independent variables and their changing rules on the premise of excluding other factors. Interviewee: kekelvcha | Level 1 | 2010-12-2719: 56
College psychology examination questions
Noun interpretation
Forgetting Rule P7: The process of forgetting is not balanced. At the initial time of memory, people forget quickly, then gradually slow down, and almost never forget after a period of time.
(fast first, then slow: forget quickly first, then forget slowly) (forget more first, then forget less: forget more first, then forget less)
Personality tendency P 10: It is the dynamic system in personality and the most active factor, which has a directional and braking effect on other psychological activities including personality psychological characteristics.
Ability P 1 1: It is a psychological feature that directly affects the efficiency of activities and enables them to be successfully completed.
The development of human individual completely repeats the process of human evolution.
Adapt to P29: Change the subject's actions to adapt to the changes in the objective environment.
Self-awareness P48: refers to the individual's self-awareness, which is a multi-dimensional and multi-level complex psychological phenomenon. It consists of three psychological components: self-awareness, self-experience and self-control.
Avoid conflict P6 1: approach-avoid conflict. When a person has two contradictory motives of attraction and repulsion for a goal, there will be a motive struggle between inclination and repulsion.
Speech information P86: refers to information that can be expressed in words, and has mastered the names or facts of things stated in words or propositions.
Conceptual assimilation P90: The process of directly revealing the essential attributes of new concepts to students in the form of definitions, so that students can use appropriate concepts in their cognitive structure to understand new concepts, and thus grasp the meaning of new concepts.
Migration P 100: The influence of one kind of learning on another kind of learning, the former is positive migration, and the latter is reverse migration.
Learning motivation P 105: Psychological tendency to arouse and maintain students' learning activities and make them point to learning goals.
Reliability P 128: refers to the reliability of the measurement results, that is, the consistency of the results obtained by multiple measurements in one test and the accuracy of the results obtained by one measurement.
Individual difference evaluation P 136: Compare the test scores of the same student with different abilities in the same subject field or between different subjects, so as to understand his advantages and disadvantages, or compare his scores at different times before and after, so as to understand his progress.
Halo effect P 150:. (Also known as stereotype effect, or general effect) When a person has a good impression or a bad impression on someone, he generalizes everything from point to surface and thinks that everything is good or bad for this person, forming a certain stereotype, just like the halo of the moon, which magnifies the light of the moon.
Stereotype (social stereotype) P 15 1: Due to social influence, a relatively fixed view of a person or a certain type of person is generated, which is also called stereotype effect.
Conformity P 166: refers to the phenomenon that individuals give up their opinions and opinions because of the pressure of the group and show consistency with the majority in cognition or action.
Equity theory P207: It was put forward by American psychologists in 1960s. According to this theory, employees' work motivation is not only influenced by the absolute remuneration, but also by the relative remuneration (the comparison between their own income and others' income).
Short Answer Questions
The essence of psychology P2:
(1) Psychology is the function of the brain;
(2) The dependence of psychology on objective reality;
(3) Subjectivity and initiative of people's psychological reflection;
(4) Social constraints on people's psychological reactions.
General characteristics of perception P5:
(1) perceptual selectivity; (2) the integrity of perception;
(3) Understanding of perception; (4) the constancy of perception.
The general characteristics of psychological development P3 1:
(1) stage; (2) continuity; (3) sequence; (4) connectivity; (5) differences.
Factors affecting psychological development P32:
Genetic quality is the biological premise of individual psychological development;
Social living environment and education are the decisive factors of psychological development;
Practical activities and subjective initiative are important conditions for psychological development.
The motive force of psychological development P36:
In the process of children's and teenagers' active activities, the contradiction between the new needs generated by the requirements of society and education and their original psychological level is the internal cause or internal contradiction of children's and teenagers' psychological development, and also the driving force of their psychological development.
Characteristics of college students' emotional development P44:
Emotions and emotions are colorful, complex and diverse;
Emotional and emotional instability, excitability, with obvious polarity;
Emotion and emotional expression are implicit, decorative and expressive;
Clear emotional state of mind;
Love has gradually become an aspect of emotional experience;
Advanced emotions are becoming more and more mature and stable, and gradually become a part of personality characteristics.
Types of motivation conflict P6 1:
(1) Two-way conflict; (2) Avoidance-avoidance conflict; (3) avoid conflicts; (4) Double avoidance of conflict.
The main factors affecting concept learning P90:
(1) Experience and intelligence; (2) Essential features and irrelevant features; (3) Positive examples and negative examples; (4) Variation and comparison.
The process of creative learning P97:
(1) preparation stage; (2) incubation stage; (3) the open stage; (4) Inspection stage.
Cognitive structure transfer theory and its teaching enlightenment;
Theory: Ausubel-The characteristics of cognitive structure are usability, solidity and clarity.
Teaching significance: "Teaching for transfer" is actually a problem of forming a good cognitive structure. To this end:
(1) Reform the content of teaching materials to promote migration. There must be a basic concept and principle with high generality, strong inclusiveness and strong explanatory function in the teaching material.
(2) Improve the presentation of teaching materials and promote the transfer. Textbooks should be organized and presented in accordance with the methods of "continuous differentiation" and "comprehensive integration"
Characteristics of college students' interpersonal communication;
(1) The urgency of communication motivation;
(2) The objects of communication are mainly peers;
(3) The communication is rich in content, diverse in forms and wide in scope;
(4) communication standards.
Principles of interpersonal communication among college students p156;
(1) The principle of equal respect; (2) the principle of mutual benefit; (3) the principle of credit; (4) the principle of compatibility.
The standard of mental health P 173:
(1) Normal intelligence; (2) Emotional stability and optimism; (3) voice will; (4) normal behavior; (5) Good interpersonal relationship; (6) Self-awareness is clear and you can accept yourself; (7) Harmony with social life.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory P200:
(1) physiological needs; (2) security needs;
(2) social needs; (4) respect for needs; (5) the need for self-realization.
The basic principle of university teachers' motivation P209:
(1) Three forces play a role at the same time;
(2) The combination of spiritual and material incentives;
(3) Adapting to the needs of university teachers.
Professional characteristics of teachers P2 19:
(1) Teachers' labor is model labor;
(2) Teachers' labor is complicated;
(3) Teachers' work is creative;
(4) the independence and teamwork of teachers' work;
(5) The long-term nature of teachers' labor;
(6) The simultaneous teaching and scientific research is a prominent feature of university teachers' work.
Teacher's role P224:
(1) the designer of teaching; (2) the instructor of learning; (3) imparting knowledge;
(4) Educators who set an example; (5) the leader of the student collective; (6) Partners and teachers;
(7) the coordinator of interpersonal relationship; (8) Psychological counselor.
What are the psychological functions of campus culture P257:
(1) infection function; (2) suggestive function; (3) Assimilation function; (4) Incentive function;
(5) Psychological adjustment function.
Composition questions:
Cultivation and stimulation of college students learning motivation;
Training methods of motivation:
(1) Education on outlook on life and learning purpose;
(2) Cultivate learning and professional interests;
(3) Creating problem situations;
(4) Take advantage of the situation and use the transfer of motivation.
Incentive method:
(1) Use the feedback of learning results;
(2) Introduce the competition mechanism, and carry out competitions and appraisal activities appropriately;
(3) rewards and punishments are used properly.
How to maintain and improve the mental health of college students? /ways and means of college students' mental health P 188;
First, school education management should meet the requirements of mental health: (1) Higher education should focus on promoting the healthy development of college students in morality, intelligence, physique and aesthetics; (2) Education must meet the requirements of mental health; (3) School life management and campus environment should be conducive to students' mental health.
Second, guide college students to pay attention to mental health in their study and life: (1) publicize and popularize mental health knowledge; (2) Educating students to pay attention to brain health; (3) Strengthen self-cultivation and cultivate good personality characteristics; (4) Adjust emotions reasonably and treat setbacks correctly.
Third, strengthen psychological counseling and psychotherapy.
Psychological quality of teachers/On the good psychological quality that university teachers should possess. P227
First, the teacher's emotion: love education, love students and love their own subjects, which is the first basic psychological quality of teachers.
Second, teachers should have the will quality:
(1) Clear purpose; (2) Decisiveness and firmness in dealing with problems; (3) Resolute, calm, patient and self-control when solving contradictions; (4) Abundant energy and tenacious perseverance.
Third, teachers' general ability and educational ability:
1. General abilities include (1) keen observation; (2) Good memory; (3) Good thinking quality; (4) rich imagination; (5) Pay attention to quality.
2. Educational ability includes (1) the ability to organize teaching; (2) Language expression ability; (3) Educational wit (good at guiding the situation; Good at improvisation; Good at the right medicine; Be good at mastering proper limit) 3. Education and scientific research ability.
Fourth, the personality characteristics of teachers: (1) objective self-awareness; (2) noble moral quality and correct life values; (3) Good personality.
The basic way of teachers' growth and development P242
First, observation and analysis;
Second, microteaching (also known as microteaching);
Third, teaching decision-making training;
Fourth, teachers improve their teaching ability through reflection.
1. reflective components: (1) cognitive components; (2) key elements; (3) complaints from teachers;
2. The link of reflection: (1) specific experience stage; (2) observation and analysis stage;
(3) Re-generalization stage; (4) Active verification stage.
3. Several methods of reflection: reflection diary; Detailed description; Exchange and discuss; Behavioral research