First, the form of handwritten newspaper, the layout of handwritten newspaper is folded in half from the middle into one or two editions. Need a title, a title and a tail. Reasonable layout and symmetrical typesetting design. The handwriting is standard and beautiful, all written with a bead pen or pen. Second, the content of handwritten newspaper is rich and varied, both in and out of class; It can be not only Chinese knowledge, but also the content of other disciplines such as physics, culture, mathematics and English. It can not only focus on knowledge accumulation, but also involve learning methods and finding solutions to difficult problems; You can review old knowledge and preview new content. Specific requirements: The contents of general tabloids are drawn up in line with the teaching content and progress, and each issue is required to have a clear title, and the key contents are determined every two weeks. The primary and secondary are distinct, and the layout is novel and lively. Third, the specific steps 1, explain the meaning and stimulate interest. The significance of running handwritten newspapers well lies in: cultivating practical Chinese abilities such as reading, writing, listening and speaking, and realizing students' subjective development in Chinese learning. By guiding students to use their hands and brains, we can promote Chinese learning, cultivate students' interest in learning Chinese and improve their ability to use Chinese. Enhance students' independence, initiative and creativity. Let students realize that Chinese is a basic tool. Regarding the importance of learning Chinese, the outline clearly points out: "Chinese is a basic tool for study and work. Chinese is the basis of learning other subjects. Learning Chinese well is not only a necessary condition for learning other subjects well, but also has a far-reaching impact on future work and study. " This is a clear orientation of Chinese subject in the syllabus. From these two words, we can fully understand the importance of learning Chinese well. However, in real life, how many cases of study and work have been affected because the language is not up to standard? Some students are good at science, but they fall behind in Sun Shan because of their poor arts. Some people like math, but they can't do anything about complicated application problems. Some people do very well to sum up their experience, but they can't say one, two or three. Keep learning from middle school, college entrance examination to work; From the summary of work and study to the transmission and exchange of a large amount of information in social work, it is inseparable from the tool of Chinese and depends on this foundation. So how can we lay a good foundation and master this tool from now on? By having a Chinese class every day? It is not easy. At present, we are not allowed to spend too much time learning Chinese. So, is there any way to combine in-class and extracurricular activities? How can Chinese learning and other subjects promote each other? At this time, the students are very active, and some are thinking with flashing eyes; Others look forward to the teacher's answer with expectant eyes. At this time, I didn't say the answer, but took the opportunity to ask, "Do you want to be an editor reporter?" ? At this time, the students all said, "Think"! At this time, I told him (her) the idea of running a newspaper: "You can not only try to be an editor and a reporter by running a handwritten newspaper, but also be an editor-in-chief and design your own typesetting. This is a very challenging activity. I believe that as long as you insist on writing handwritten newspapers, you will not only improve your Chinese learning level, but also exercise and improve your comprehensive abilities such as typesetting and design. " At this time, the students are eager to try, and a question mark seems to flash from their expectant eyes. What is a handwritten newspaper? How? Can I do it well? 2. The typical guiding enthusiasm has been mobilized. The next task is to give specific instructions on how to do handwritten newspapers. My approach is: (1) Let the students make a handwritten newspaper independently, and do the topic selection, materials, design and copy by themselves. You can refer to Learning Daily and Beijing Daily, and you can also use your imagination. The time will be completed in two weeks. (2) Select a few collected handwritten newspapers, guide them carefully, and let them revise them repeatedly. After repeated revisions, the handwritten newspaper basically meets the requirements, so I showed the advantages of each newspaper to my classmates in the form of comments, and explained the basic format of handwritten newspaper in detail during the comments, and then went back to practice. After such repeated practice, the students basically mastered the method of running a newspaper. (3) The handwritten newspaper should be specific and standardized. After most students mastered the basic format of handwritten newspaper, I made further requirements in order to improve the quality of handwritten newspaper. The title of handwritten newspaper should be clear, focused and novel. Draw up an eye-catching title according to the central content. For example, "mainly to review old knowledge, it can be drafted as a review guide, and if it is the content of Chinese studies, it can be drafted as a journal of China, striving for novelty." B, the layout is reasonable. Reasonable layout mainly refers to symmetrical layout, clear priorities, criss-crossing plates and reasonable illustrations. The whole layout should give people a beautiful and comfortable feeling. C, writing should be standardized. Writing must be done with a pen or ballpoint pen. The handwriting should be clear, the stroke order should be standardized, and the size should be appropriate (it is advisable to be able to see clearly about three meters). 3. The evaluation of the exhibition stimulates interest and promotes improvement. In order to continuously improve the quality of handwritten newspapers and further stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, I insist on carefully reading and commenting on each issue to select the best exhibition. Comment. Comment principle: mainly praise advantages. Comments: From form to content, from the overall layout to the layout design of each plate, from material selection to writing. Running a handwritten newspaper reflects a student's comprehensive ability, which can not be improved by one or two sessions of practice, and there is a gradual process. In this process, the teacher's patient guidance and enthusiastic encouragement are the driving force to overcome difficulties and persist in doing it. So in the comments, I did not hesitate to praise every progress of the students, every exquisite pen, there is really nothing to praise. As long as I handed it in on time, I also praised it. In this way, students can listen to teachers' comments with a peaceful and happy mind, learn from others' strengths, appreciate their own progress and plan how to improve their newspapers. On display. Exhibition principle: choose the best among the best, taking into account different levels. After two or three reviews, students learn from each other's strong points and practice seriously. In future manuscripts, there are many good works with beautiful forms and substantial contents in each issue. For these works, I will not only seriously comment and praise them, but also exhibit them in class for everyone to observe and learn. Some students, although their works are not very good, tried their best. We also give these works appropriate exhibition opportunities. The general exhibition range is 1/2 or 1/3. Too little will give most students a feeling of longing, which will affect their enthusiasm. Too much and lack of demonstration will easily make the exhibition a mere formality. Handwritten newspaper is one of the forms for middle school students to carry out extracurricular activities. Students directly participate in the whole process of editing, writing and production, which is deeply loved by students. Whenever there are major festivals, we will express them in various forms, or wish or celebrate or sing, such as welcoming New Year's Day, May 4th, July 1st and National Day. Recently, the "First National Handwritten Newspaper Competition for Primary and Secondary School Students in 2003" was held jointly by the Education Information Research Center of Central Education Institute and China Education Information Research Association. Many students actively participated in it and achieved certain results. Here, I want to talk to you about the design and production methods of handwritten newspapers, which can be roughly described from these three aspects: first, the steps of beautifying the design; The second is the performance of header, illustration and tail flower; Third, edit and copy the production process. First, beautification and design The beautification and design of handwritten newspapers mainly include: layout design and header, title flower, illustration, tail flower and lace design. 1. Layout is an important part of a good handwritten newspaper. To design a good layout, we must pay attention to the following points: (1) Make clear what the main content of this issue is, and choose a meaningful header (that is, register). Generally, the header should be designed in the most eye-catching position; (2) Read through the edited or written article and calculate its word count, and edit it according to the content and length of the article (that is, typesetting). Generally, important articles are placed in a prominent position (that is, on the front page); (3) pay attention to the combination of long and short articles interspersed with horizontal and vertical rows to make the layout clean and lively; (4) attention should also be paid to typesetting: the arrangement of words should be mainly horizontal and supplemented by vertical, the line spacing should be greater than the word spacing, there should be gaps between articles, there should be gaps between articles and edges, and there should be about 3CM blank edges around the paper. In addition, newspapers should always be kept clean and tidy. 2. Headlines play a direct role, which must closely follow the theme and vividly reflect the main idea of handwritten newspapers. Registration should have a positive, healthy and meaningful name. Headers are generally determined by theme graphics, header text and geometric color blocks or laces, or serious or lively, or square or round, or elegant or colorful. Attention should be paid to the design of the header: (1) the composition should be stable, the picture structure should be compact, the header design and expression should be concise, and the theme of handwritten newspaper should be reflected at a glance; (2) its characters should be large, with lines or letters, or color or black and white; (3) There are several design schemes for its position: first, if the typesetting design is two pages, it should be placed at the upper right; Second, if the typesetting design is full-page, it can be in the middle, on the left or on the right. Usually, they are designed at the upper part of the layout, not at its lower end. 3, the title title (that is, the title flower) is generally at the front of the article or combined with the article title map. When designing the title, pay attention to the title text, which is slightly larger. Decorative graphics should be based on the content and layout of the article. The title of the article should be smaller than the title body, but larger than the body. In short, we should pay attention to clear priorities. 4. Illustrations and end-flower illustrations are designed according to the needs of content and layout decoration. Good illustrations can beautify the layout and help readers understand the content of the article. Don't occupy too big a position in illustrations and credits, it is easy to appear empty and messy. Tail flowers are mostly designed for the needs of page beautification, mostly flowers or geometric patterns. Illustrations and transcripts are not necessary for all articles. The more the better, the more the better. 5. Lace is indispensable in handwritten newspapers. Some headers and headers can be designed with lace; Important articles are framed with lace; Articles can also be separated by lace; Some whole pages can also be separated up and down or left and right with lace. In the use of lace, straight lines or wavy lines are often used. Second, the performance of the title painting, illustration and tail flower The performance of the title painting, illustration and tail flower can be roughly divided into line drawing and color block painting. 1, line drawing requires concise and general images, accurate lines and clear priorities. Pay attention to certain steps when drawing: (1) generally draw the main line-determine the angle, direction and size; (2) Draw the scale, structure and perspective related to the diagram; (3) Describe the details, and draw the rhythm changes of lines in combination with body structure, composition and color; (4) Finally, arrange them to make the picture complete and unified. 2. In addition to accurate modeling, color block painting should also be good at dealing with the collocation and changing relationships of color blocks, which should be handled according to the needs of the object to make the layout colorful. When drawing, you can draw a pencil draft first (modeling is as accurate as possible), and then evenly apply large color blocks; Details after characterization; Finally, it is trimmed to make it more unified and perfect. Line drawing and color block drawing are usually used at the same time, which can be multicolored or monochrome. Whether it's line drawing or color block drawing, it's best not to draw only with a pencil. Graphics or text on a page cannot be cut and pasted. Third, the compilation and drawing steps of handwritten newspapers are important steps from conception to concrete implementation. There are two steps: one is the preparation stage, and the other is the preparation stage. 1, preparation stage. Mainly the preparation of various materials and tools. Specifically, it includes: drafting the registration of the current handwritten newspaper; Prepare a blank sheet of paper (the size depends on the need, such as half-open, four-open, eight-open, etc.). The handwritten newspaper competition organized by the Political and Educational Affairs Office is required to be the size of Jiangxi Daily, that is, half open); Edit and write relevant written materials (prepare more articles); Writing and drawing tools, etc. 2. Preparation stage. This stage is the main process of making handwritten newspapers. Roughly: layout design, copying process, beautification process. (1) Layout design: typesetting according to the length of the article, and drawing a grid or grid line (generally sketched with a pencil, and handwritten newspaper can be erased or not). (2) Copying process: refers to the writing of articles. Handwritten newspaper paper is mostly white, and carbon ink should be used for writing; Font should be running script and regular script, less cursive script and seal script; The size of the words should be moderate (in line with the usual reading habits). Don't be afraid if the handwriting is not very good. The key is to write neatly. In addition, there must be no typos in the article or title. (3) Beautifying process: After copying the article, you can draw illustrations, tail flowers and lace (it is not advisable to copy illustrations first) to beautify the whole layout. This process is the key to the layout effect of handwritten newspaper. The handwritten newspaper can be in black and white or in color. It can be comprehensive or thematic. The design requirements and steps of handwritten newspaper and blackboard newspaper are basically the same. Students, exercise yourself and draw a handwritten newspaper that belongs to you and everyone.
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