The human body is a very complex giant system. In the study of TCM syndrome essence, it may be found that there are both high and low indexes in determining a syndrome variation index. This is not surprising. Generally speaking, low indicators should play a leading role in yin syndrome, and some high indicators are caused by low indicators. As long as the low index is solved, the high index will be adjusted automatically. or vice versa, Dallas to the auditorium For yang syndrome, generally speaking, high index plays a leading role, and low index is caused by high index. As long as the high index is solved, the low index can be adjusted automatically. Therefore, TCM syndrome differentiation is the first and most important. If the "syndrome" is wrong, it will lead to further deterioration of the disease due to the misuse of antibiotics during diagnosis. Microscopically, the high index is bound to be higher, and the low index is lower, which leads to the movement of the living body further deviating from the optimal order, thus aggravating rather than alleviating the symptoms. For example, the syndrome of yin deficiency and excessive fire seems to be a yang syndrome, but it is actually a false yang syndrome. In essence, it is caused by yin deficiency, that is, the movement of human life substances slows down or the corresponding material components decrease, some zang-fu organs function declines, some zang-fu organs function hyperactivity, accelerating the production of defective substances or trying to adjust the slow function. This is the adjustment function of the human body itself, spelling "equipment". At this time, yang syndrome is false. When Chinese medicine sees a doctor, it must nourish yin, first make up deficiency from the exterior, let the deceleration function return to normal first, and then reduce the hyperactivity function. If the cold medicine is misused at this time, it will force the yang to drop and weaken the hyperactivity function, which will inevitably lead to the further reduction of the human body's own regulatory function and aggravate the condition. This is very dangerous. The importance of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment is obvious. It is an arduous systematic project to re-understand traditional Chinese medicine with modern natural science knowledge. For the same individual and the same disease, there can never be different causes, and Chinese and western medicine can be completely integrated scientifically. It is possible to get their own expressions because of different cognitive methods or different angles, but no matter how different the contents of the expressions are, they must be interlinked in essence, scientific principles and material views. In the confluence of Chinese and western medicine, what we are looking for is this essential similarity, not a superficial fit.
Yin and Yang are the core of TCM, and the balance of Yin and Yang is the description of healthy individuals in TCM. The best self-steady state of the movement of living matter is the description of healthy individuals by natural science (including western medicine). The destruction of the balance of yin and yang, whether positive or negative, corresponds to the fast-paced (or component increase) or slow-paced (or component decrease) movement of the living body deviating from the optimal self-steady state. This is the natural scientific basis of TCM syndrome differentiation. Chinese and western medicine have found a combination point in the rhythm of life. From this point of view, under the guidance of the concept of movement, Chinese medicine adopts a comprehensive, inductive and dialectical method to treat diseases, which fully embodies the way of thinking of Chinese medicine to grasp things from the macro whole and the evolution process of diseases. This is the thinking characteristic of orientals. Guided by the concept of structure, using scientific principles and based on human anatomy, western medicine treats patients through microscopic analysis, which fully embodies the thinking mode of western medicine's microscopic demonstration. This is also the thinking characteristic of westerners. The confluence of Chinese and western medicine is essentially the confluence of macro-entirety and micro-analysis. The best self-steady theory of yin-yang balance and the movement of living matter in traditional Chinese medicine should be the ideal combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. Adjusting the research goal of TCM syndrome essence will surely make a comprehensive and solid demonstration of the theory that the balance of Yin and Yang in TCM is equal to the best self-steady state of life material movement. The scientific basis of dialectics of traditional Chinese medicine will be more and more abundant.
(2) Clinical application of the scientific basis of pulse diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine.
On the basis of the modern science of the basic theory of TCM, we use the analytical method of dissipative structure theory, combined with the study of the essence of TCM syndromes and pulse diagnosis and differentiation, and can use the corresponding univariate order parameter equation for theoretical analysis.
If Q-center is used to represent the heartbeat state sequence parameters of the orderly structure of human body, and dq-center /dt is used to represent the evolution of heartbeat sequence parameters with time, then the equation of heartbeat sequence parameters can be written as:
Dq center /dt=Q(Ac, A, Q center) (1)
Where Ac is a certain threshold, A is the control parameter, which can be regarded as the trigger level of heartbeat, and Q-center is the heartbeat state. Its evolution in time and space, its deviation from the optimal order and the interaction between systems are the basis of pulse diagnosis and syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine. Heartbeat is a symbol of life, and pulse diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine is the key to life. The judgment of pulse condition in TCM can be included in the description program of equation (1).
This is the modern scientific basis of TCM pulse diagnosis. Seeking the concrete form of the equation (1) will be an important topic in the scientific research of basic theory of modern Chinese medicine. We look forward to the cooperation between medical scientists and biophysicists.
Here we can use the pulse condition of pregnant women as a concrete example to analyze. The accurate judgment of Chinese medicine on pregnant women's pulse condition is often regarded as one of the signs of Chinese medicine's magical discrimination ability. In fact, from the perspective of modern science, the composition of pregnant women's pulse is completely the superposition of fetal pulse and mother's pulse. That is, the q center in equation (1) should be
Q Heart =q Fetal Heart +q Maternal Heart (2)
Generally, the fetal heart rate is relatively high, while the pregnant woman's heart rate is much lower. The superimposed waveform of Q fetal heart +q maternal heart must have a sliding process from high to low. This is the scientific principle of the formation of pregnant women's pulse condition. If the two kinds of pulse conditions are synthesized on the computer, the change of pulse conditions will be consistent with the judgment of pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicine. This provides an important modern scientific basis for TCM clinic.
Traditional Chinese medicine is a systematic medicine, and pulse condition is an order parameter, that is, a measure of the order degree of individual life. It is obviously scientific for Chinese medicine to judge the location and cause of human diseases through the changes of pulse conditions.
(3) The application of the theory of optimal steady state of human body in clinical syndrome differentiation of hyperactivity of liver yang.
We can also give a concrete example, such as hyperactivity of liver yang, which is a typical yang syndrome according to the diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine summarizes its pathological mechanism as follows: liver qi stagnates and turns into fire over time. Excessive liver fire or heat spreading to the gallbladder; Or fire inflammation seedling orifices; Or fire burns meridians and damages blood vessels; Or the fire is full and disturbing the air; Or overheating, damage to body fluids. The main symptoms are headache, dizziness, bitter taste, impatience and irritability, red eyes, burning pain in flank and abdomen, vomiting blood and bleeding. Whether it is the description of pathological mechanism or the description of external symptoms by traditional Chinese medicine, the syndrome of hyperactivity of liver yang obviously belongs to a fast-paced macro whole.
Does the analysis of microscopic pathological physical and chemical indexes still have the above conclusions? The article "Serological and Cytological Study on Hyperactivity of Liver-yang Syndrome" published by Mr. Xiaoyin Chen and others in journal of traditional chinese medicine, Liaoning Province, 200 1 No.4 gave us a clear answer.
Three groups of physical and chemical indexes were tested.
1, the concentration of Na+ and Ca+ in red blood cells of each group (mmol/L, x s), compared with the healthy control group ※ P < 0.05; Compared with the deficiency of liver and kidney syndrome group △ P < 0.05.
2. Compare the results of serum calcium in each group (mmol/L, x s), and compare with the healthy control group. ※P & gt； 0.05; △ P> compared with liver and kidney deficiency group; 0.05。
3. Compare the results of Na+, K+, ATPase, Ca2+ and -ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane in each group (mmol. Pi (pi), mg- 1/h, x s), compared with the healthy control group. ※P < 0.05； Compared with the deficiency of liver and kidney syndrome group △ P < 0.05.
It can be seen from the test results that the concentration of Na+ and Ca+ in the hyperactivity of liver yang group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group, and the activity of erythrocyte ATPase was significantly decreased, and the determination of serum Ca was not statistically significant. Mr. Xiaoyin Chen's explanation is: "Patients with hyperactivity of liver yang mainly show hyperfunction of sympathetic adrenal medulla, and the contents of NE and E in peripheral plasma increase." This is a fast-paced manifestation of physiological function deviating from the normal state (order). It is this fast-paced deviation that activates more free radicals. "Free radicals in the body can attack not only unsaturated fatty acids, but also membrane proteins, especially enzymes on membranes, thus reducing the activity of enzymes." That is to say, the enzyme activity in Table 3 is obviously low, which is caused by hyperfunction of sympathetic adrenal medulla. However, with the decrease of ATPase activity, the membrane operated abnormally on Na+ and Ca+, and the intracellular Na+ and Ca+ concentrations increased. Na+ and Ca+ are deposited and the cell membrane is stiff, which easily leads to diseases such as hypertension, thrombosis and stroke. Therefore, hyperfunction of adrenal medulla, increase of free radicals, and increase of Na+ and Ca+ concentrations in the body are microscopic physical and chemical indicators showing the fast-paced deviation of physiological functions of positive diseases such as hypertension and stroke.
Because the hyperactivity of liver yang reflects the fast-paced deviation of physiological functions, and the fast-paced movement of living things will inevitably produce redundant heat energy according to the laws of thermodynamics. Therefore, Chinese medicine believes that hyperactivity of liver yang will inevitably lead to the flood of internal fire, resulting in impatience, dizziness, headache, red eyes and other symptoms.
Syndrome of hyperactivity of liver yang is an intermediate syndrome of liver and kidney yin deficiency-hyperactivity of liver yang (hyperactivity of liver fire)-hyperactivity of liver wind, and the syndrome type develops. Yin deficiency of liver and kidney is its pre-syndrome, which should have the characteristics of yang syndrome of yin deficiency and fire flourishing. Table 1 illustrates this point. In the table 1, compared with the healthy control group, the concentrations of Na+ and Ca+ did increase slightly. If hyperactivity of liver yang leads to hypertension, then deficiency of liver and kidney yin (hyperactivity of fire) should be an early sign of hypertension and other diseases. The foresight of Chinese medicine may be reflected here, and some minor changes in the body can also be observed through physical signs. The scientific principle of preventing diseases in TCM is obvious 2. "No disease" is not a metaphysical disease, but a sub-ordered or sub-healthy life state. The hyperactivity of liver yang is further aggravated by the hyperactivity of liver wind. It should be said that the physical and chemical indexes of Na+ and Ca+ in table 1 will further increase, which further embodies the characteristics of yang syndrome. We look forward to the experimental conclusions of medical workers.
So far, in the above cases, modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine have a unified understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. It's just that Chinese medicine makes a diagnosis from the stability of the system through macroscopic observation, using the terminology of Chinese medicine, while western medicine makes a diagnosis from the "rake point" medical treatment through microscopic empirical analysis, using the terminology of modern science. Yin and Yang of TCM are interlinked with modern science.
Finally, let's look at an extreme example of imbalance between yin and yang. For example, if a person dies, according to Chinese medicine, it means that the yang is cut off. The contradiction between yang and yin and yang has disappeared, leaving only a corpse that has stopped all life activities and is similar to the thermodynamic equilibrium state. The rhythm of the movement form of life is slow to zero, that is, the order parameter is zero. The order of material movement is completely destroyed, Yin and Yang are completely out of balance, life stops, and the body on which Yin was born finally disappears. This is the simplest footnote of the theory of Yin and Yang in TCM and the theory of "the best self-steady state of life movement".
In a word, we can find a reasonable explanation for the syndrome of yin and yang mentioned in traditional Chinese medicine.
It can be seen that the theory of yin-yang balance, which has puzzled people for a long time, is another expression of the theory of "the best self-steady state of life material movement" Yin and Yang in TCM does not refer to any Yin or Yang substance in nature, and the concepts of Yin and Yang Can cannot be attributed to the conceptual system of material structure. Yin and Yang are the external manifestations of "the movement of biological substances deviates from the optimal self-steady state" through human body shape, and are state parameters derived from the concept of material movement. In the new traditional Chinese medicine, it is a scientific concept, not a philosophical concept. Specifically, the general yin syndrome is the best steady state in which the movement rhythm of biological substances is slower than the threshold, and the yang syndrome is the best steady state in which the movement rhythm of biological substances is faster than the threshold. Whether it is traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine, it is through some means, or internal or external factors, that the movement of living substances reaches the best orderly state of healthy people. Chinese and western medicine treat diseases in different ways, but their physiological principles are unified. Although Yin and Yang in TCM do not represent any specific substance, they have a profound material movement foundation. It is of great practical significance to understand the material movement basis of Yin and Yang in TCM to guide the clinical practice of TCM. The confluence of Yin-Yang and Five Elements contributed to the formation of China's traditional way of thinking and developed the theory of TCM, but it also increased the mystery of TCM. Today, the combination of the theory of yin-yang balance and the theory of the movement of living matter is expected to lead to the integration of eastern and western ways of thinking, which not only unveils the veil of eastern mysticism, but also endows western positivism with the ability of macro-analysis. At this level, its significance will be even greater. This will be the second milestone in the improvement and development of China's traditional thought.