Normal communication between subordinates and superiors should pay attention to the following points:
(a) familiar with the psychological characteristics of superiors, normal psychological communication.
Communication with superiors, like communication with others, requires psychological communication. The superiors are also human beings and have secular desires. If you are not familiar with the psychological characteristics of your superiors, you will not be able to communicate well and achieve emotional consistency. The working relationship between superiors and subordinates cannot be completely abandoned. Psychological closeness and mutual assistance between superiors and subordinates will reduce friction events and conflicts between them. On the contrary, emotional differences will inevitably lead to psychological collisions, thus affecting the working relationship. The passage "Touching Empress Zhao" in the Warring States Policy can well illustrate this problem. When Empress Zhao first came to power, Qin invaded and the situation was critical. Zhao asked Qi for help, but his youngest son was often taken hostage before sending troops. The queen mother is reluctant to let go often, and ministers have advised her to put national affairs first. As a result, the relationship between the monarch and the minister fell out. The queen mother said, "If there is a reply, I will spit it out!" The relationship between monarch and minister reached a deadlock. At that time, Zuo asked him to avoid talking about Chang 'an An Jun. He first talked about the health problems of the elderly, such as diet and daily life, to ease the tension, and then asked the Queen Mother to care about his youngest son, Shu Qi, which aroused the Queen Mother's emotional singing. The Queen Mother not only agreed, but also broke her face and took the initiative to talk about the Reiko Kobayakawa issue, and the relationship between the monarch and his subjects became harmonious. At this time, it is dangerous to point out that the descendants of Marquis "respect without work, pay without work". If the heavenly queen really loves Chang, she should be made a hostage in Qi State to relieve Zhao's danger and contribute to the country. Only in this way can we always gain a foothold in Zhao. The persuasion of this person's lover made the queen mother suddenly realize that she finally agreed to Chang Anjun as a hostage. Just think, if you don't master the psychology of Empress Reiko Kobayakawa, persuasion will not only fail, but you may also be humiliated by spitting in her face. Understanding and being familiar with the psychological characteristics of superiors is to better handle the working relationship, and there should be no personal motivation to please superiors. The work of leaders needs the support and help of superiors. In order to achieve the same goal of the organization, they sometimes have to make suggestions and exhortations to their superiors. Without good psychological communication, these suggestions and exhortations will not work. Social psychology research believes that communication frequency plays an important role in establishing interpersonal relationships. If you don't communicate with your superiors and take an evasive attitude, it is difficult to get their approval. Without consensus, mutual support, coordination and cooperation will be greatly affected.
(2) Obey the superior leadership and don't take the attitude of resisting or rejecting the superior.
Subordinate to superior is the basic organizing principle. Under normal circumstances, the decisions and plans of superior leaders cannot be completely wrong. Even if the superiors sometimes consider the overall situation and conflict with the interests of small units, they should obey the needs of the overall situation and should not resist not doing it. What's more, because some people have contradictions with their superiors, it is even more inappropriate for them to adopt a contradictory and exclusive attitude when they know that their superiors are right. Emotion can't replace reason. Leaders should not only deal with emotional factors, but also deal with problems rationally. This is not an effective way to improve the relationship between superiors and subordinates. When there are contradictions between subordinates and superiors, it is best to communicate with superiors. Even if there are mistakes in the work of superiors, don't cling to their shortcomings. Timely psychological communication will increase psychological compatibility and adopt an attitude of understanding, support and friendship.
(3) Dare to point out and make up for the mistakes of superiors, but don't necessarily use harsh words.
When making decisions, making plans and executing orders, superiors will inevitably make mistakes due to various restrictions. When you find a leader's mistake, don't please his superiors, help them spread it, and don't be afraid of his unhappiness and silence, but point it out in time so that the mistake can be corrected as soon as possible. Only in this way can the losses be reduced, otherwise the wrong decisions and plans will spread and develop, and one day they will not only harm the organization, but also harm themselves. Of course, it is not necessary to use harsh words to point out the mistakes of superiors. Some people think that "good advice is unpleasant to the ear, but good medicine tastes bitter and is good for the disease", but they don't know that if the purpose of treating diseases can be achieved, it would be better if good advice is unpleasant to the ear. Pointing out the mistakes of superiors is not necessarily about their own shortcomings, but that others are wrong, and sometimes the psychology of superiors may not be able to bear it. We might as well adopt a tactic of "taking a detour as a straight line" and take a circuitous route, which may get better results. Touched the Empress Dowager Zhao, without harsh words and harsh words from beginning to end, and successfully helped the Empress Dowager correct her mistakes in a harmonious and friendly atmosphere. His critical method is worth learning. It is pointed out that the mistake made by superiors should not be to spill the beans, but to consider how to make them accept it. Otherwise, the criticism is over, or complaints are made, which will not only have no positive effect, but will increase friction and conflict. For the mistakes of superiors, we should also advocate the spirit of "making up for Taiwan" and help superiors make up for their defects. We should not stand by and watch jokes, even satire. This negative communication attitude will make the relationship between superiors and subordinates tense and indifferent. If you have any good suggestions for your superiors' work, you should put them forward in time, and you should avoid using mandatory tone and method when making suggestions. Forcing your superiors to accept them often backfires.
(4) Put yourself in the superior's shoes, not in theirs.
It goes without saying that superiors should care, help and support subordinates. However, in interpersonal communication, especially in communication with superiors, subordinates often have emotional obstacles, that is, they put themselves in the shoes of their superiors in practical work, put forward requirements that are divorced from the subjective and objective conditions of reality, and "attack" if they fail to reach them. It is difficult for superiors to work. As a leader, if you can always think that you can't meet the requirements of your subordinates, you will understand the difficulties of your superiors and their difficulties, and don't add unsolvable problems to your superiors.
(5) Communication should be patient and stand up to setbacks and repetitions.
Inevitably, subordinates should make work suggestions to their superiors and be patient when making suggestions to their superiors. Generally speaking, superiors are better than subordinates, but the objective situation is not entirely the case. On some issues, it is normal for subordinates to have a higher understanding than superiors. Examiners have to read the articles written by Fan Jinzhong several times before they can "understand the taste", which sometimes happens at work. When the understanding of subordinates is higher than that of superiors, in order to win the support of superiors, we must have the spirit of not being afraid of setbacks and repetitions, explain our views to superiors repeatedly, and gradually let superiors understand the contents and benefits of new suggestions, so as to convince superiors and gain their support. Sometimes, because the superior does not understand, it may lead to accusations and criticisms. At this time, we must not be discouraged. You should bravely accept setbacks, misunderstandings and accusations and stick to it. If we lack the spirit of persistence, our good wishes will die in suffering. Stick to it, and sometimes there will be a "bright future" situation.