1, diet should be avoided
Appropriate: eat more coarse grains and crude fiber to prevent constipation from having adverse effects on the heart.
Avoid: control the intake of heat energy food and don't make your body overweight. Avoid eating too much animal fat and animal offal with high cholesterol. To control salt intake, it is best not to eat pickles, bean paste, sausages, bacon or eat less. Avoid alcohol, tobacco and irritating food.
2. Don't carry overweight items.
It is inevitable to bend over and hold your breath when lifting heavy objects, and its physiological function is similar to holding your breath hard, which is a common cause of myocardial infarction in elderly patients with coronary heart disease.
3. Relax.
Patients with myocardial infarction should maintain a happy life and a peaceful mind, and be able to treat everything calmly; Take part in appropriate sports activities, but avoid fierce competitions. Even if it is a competition, it should be aimed at exercising and increasing fun, regardless of winning or losing.
Step 4 Exercise moderately
Generally speaking, to achieve the purpose of exercise, we should do serious physical exercise at least three times a week, each time for not less than 20 minutes, but not more than 50 minutes. Exercise at first, such as raising your arms and stretching your legs. do gymnastics
Finally, do some relaxation activities, don't stop activities immediately, and don't sleep immediately after exercise, otherwise it will easily cause dizziness and be bad for your heart. Before taking part in physical exercise, we should first measure the tolerance of the body. transport
Don't exercise excessively, which will lead to a sharp rise in blood pressure, left ventricular fatigue and heart failure. The amount of exercise generally depends on age and health. If you are a person with normal cardiopulmonary function, you can root
According to the maximum heart rate limit after exercise. The specific calculation method is to subtract the age from 220 and multiply it by O.75. For example, if you are 60 years old this year, then (220-60) x 0.75: 120 times, if
Exceeding 120 times will have adverse effects on the body.
Step 5 take a bath
The water temperature is preferably equal to the body temperature. If the water temperature is too high, the blood vessels in the skin will obviously expand, and a large amount of blood will flow to the body surface, which may cause cardiac and cerebral ischemia. Bathing time should not be too long, and the bathroom is generally stuffy and unventilated. In this environment, people's metabolic level is high, and they are prone to hypoxia and fatigue, especially in elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Patients with severe coronary heart disease should take a bath with the help of others.
6. Pay attention to climate change.
Under the influence of severe cold or strong cold air, coronary artery spasm and secondary thrombosis can cause acute myocardial infarction. When the climate changes drastically and the air pressure is low, patients with coronary heart disease will feel obviously uncomfortable. Data show that low temperature, strong wind and rainy weather are one of the causes of acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, every time the weather is bad, patients with coronary heart disease should pay attention to keep warm, or take crown-expanding drugs appropriately for protection.
7. Do daily protection.
In the daily life of patients with coronary heart disease, various protective measures are very important. At the same time, it is necessary to understand and identify the premonitory symptoms of myocardial infarction and deal with them in time.
8. Take urgent measures.
Don't panic if you have premonitory symptoms of myocardial infarction. First of all, the patient should stay in bed immediately, keep quiet, avoid mental stress, take nitroglycerin under his tongue, or call a doctor immediately to make a diagnosis and treatment on the spot. At the same time, make a good delivery.
Preparations for going to the hospital. The traffic must be smooth and comfortable. Patients should avoid walking and be transported on a stretcher when the situation is relatively stable. Nitroglycerin and other crown expanding drugs can be used continuously or intermittently during transportation. Press the heart when the symptoms of ECG changes are serious.
Management of myocardial infarction. Some patients with acute myocardial infarction can be avoided, even if myocardial infarction occurs, the infarct area is small, the symptoms are mild, the complications are few, the recovery is easy, and the survival rate is obviously improved.
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9. Eat more beneficial natural herbs.
Black radish, pseudo-ginseng, acacia, chelidonium majus, dandelion, fennel, ginkgo (ginkgo), hawthorn fruit, hops, equisetum, Irish moss, lobelia chinensis, parsley, alfalfa and rose hips are all helpful to treat myocardial infarction.
10, the precursor of myocardial infarction
1. Pain
Pain is the most common and earliest symptom of myocardial infarction, and it is also the most prominent first symptom. The pain site, radiation site and pain nature are similar to those of angina pectoris in the past, but the degree is serious and often unbearable. The main manifestations are the posterior sternum or precordial region, and sometimes there is squeezing pain or contraction in the upper abdomen or xiphoid process. Often accompanied by sweating, fear, and a sense of dying. The duration is more than 30 minutes, which can be as long as several hours or longer. Rest or nitroglycerin can't relieve it.
2. Gastrointestinal symptoms
Gastrointestinal symptoms are also a manifestation of myocardial infarction symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms are mainly nausea and vomiting. Occasionally diarrhea and intractable hiccups are caused by stimulating phrenic nerve.
Step 3 skip it
Patients with myocardial infarction will suddenly have syncope, which is common in the early stage of acute inferior myocardial infarction.
4. Cardiac asthma
Common in extensive anterior myocardial infarction, and then began to appear a variety of serious arrhythmia. It mostly occurs within 24 hours after myocardial infarction, which is one of the important causes of early death.
5. Heart failure
Myocardial infarction can also lead to heart failure, mainly acute left heart failure, which can occur in the first few days of onset or in the improvement stage of pain and shock. The incidence is about 20%-48%, which is caused by the significant decrease of myocardial contractility and compliance after infarction. The patient has symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, cyanosis and irritability. In severe cases, pulmonary edema or right heart failure may occur, and jugular vein dilatation, liver swelling and edema may occur. Right ventricular myocardial infarction can start with right heart failure.
arrhythmia
Arrhythmia is also a symptom of myocardial infarction. Arrhythmia caused by myocardial infarction does not have chest pain or obvious pain, but begins with various serious arrhythmias. It mostly occurs within 24 hours of onset and is one of the important causes of early death.
7. Symptoms of cerebral ischemia
The symptoms of myocardial infarction are cerebral ischemia: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness or unconsciousness. Diffuse cerebral ischemia is mostly caused by the decrease of cardiac output after myocardial infarction, which is more common in elderly patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis.
8. Systemic symptoms
The symptoms of systemic myocardial infarction are mainly fever, accompanied by tachycardia, leukocytosis and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which is caused by the absorption of necrotic substances.