Precursor of stroke in the elderly
1, fell for unknown reasons
Due to cerebrovascular sclerosis, cerebral ischemia and motor nerve failure will lead to ataxia and balance disorder, and it is easy to fall, which is also a precursor symptom of stroke.
2. Vague speech
When the blood supply to the brain is insufficient, the nerves of human motor function will fail. One of the common symptoms is that the speech is suddenly ineffective or unclear, or even unable to speak, but the duration is short, and the longest is no more than 24 hours, which should attract attention. There are also unexplained quarrels, slurred speech or tongue sticking out.
Step 3 be dizzy
The premonition of stroke in the elderly will repeatedly appear instantaneous dizziness, suddenly feel dizzy, see things rotate, and return to normal after a few seconds. It may be a transient ischemic attack, and rudeness is a precursor to stroke. Diagnosis and treatment should be made as early as possible to prevent stroke.
4. Numbness of limbs
In addition to cervical spondylosis and diabetes, the elderly should pay more attention to the abnormal feeling of numbness in limbs. If they are accompanied by symptoms such as headache, dizziness, top-heaviness, tongue swelling, or have a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes or cerebral arteriosclerosis, they should be alert to the occurrence of stroke, sudden attack or unilateral limb weakness and instability, and be careful to attack again after rapid relief.
5, eyes suddenly black
The most common precursor of stroke in the elderly is the sudden darkening of the eyes, that is, one eye suddenly darkens and can't see clearly, and it will completely return to normal after a few seconds or dozens of seconds. Medically, it is called monocular black, because retinal ischemia caused by cerebral ischemia is another signal of stroke, and dizziness, vomiting, narrowing of visual field or diplopia appear repeatedly.
How do the elderly prevent stroke?
1, pay attention to the weather
Seasonal and climatic changes will make hypertensive patients emotionally unstable, blood pressure fluctuate and induce stroke. At this time, it is even more necessary to prevent the occurrence of stroke.
Step 2 control diabetes
Stroke is a chronic complication of diabetes, that is, cerebral infarction complicated with cerebrovascular disease. Its pathology is due to poor long-term blood sugar control of diabetes, which leads to disorder of blood sugar and blood lipid and formation of atherosclerosis.
3. Prevention of arteriosclerosis
Cerebral arteriosclerosis can cause cerebral ischemia, brain atrophy or cerebral vascular rupture and bleeding, resulting in damage to brain functional areas and stroke. It may lead to hemiplegia, language disorder and other symptoms of brain dominance loss.
Atherosclerosis is mostly caused by bad eating habits, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other three high conditions, and there is less genetic disease history. The key to prevent atherosclerosis is to prevent hyperlipidemia and obesity.
Step 4 control high blood pressure
Hypertension is an independent cause of stroke.
Hypertension is closely related to the occurrence of stroke. Excessive blood pressure will lead to systemic arteriole spasm, and the arterial wall will be deformed due to ischemia. If the blood pressure fluctuates repeatedly, the cerebral vessels will twitch repeatedly, which can also cause punctate bleeding and brain edema, and then combine into blocks, resulting in massive bleeding.
Controlling hypertension is the key to prevent stroke. Patients with hypertension should take antihypertensive drugs on time according to the doctor's advice, and if possible, it is best to measure their blood pressure 1 time every day, especially in the stage of adjusting antihypertensive drugs to keep their blood pressure stable.
5, fruits and vegetables to prevent stroke
Fruits and vegetables contain oligosaccharides, which can reduce blood coagulation and prevent stroke.
Dietary fiber in fruits and vegetables can inhibit the increase of total cholesterol concentration, thus preventing arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disease and stroke.
Potassium in fruits and vegetables can protect blood vessels, lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol, dilate blood vessels and prevent cerebrovascular diseases.
Vegetables and fruits contain a lot of vitamin C, and the concentration of vitamin C in blood is closely related to stroke. The higher the concentration, the lower the risk of stroke.
Folic acid in fruits and vegetables can convert homocysteine into methionine in stroke patients, and reduce the concentration of cysteine in blood, thus reducing the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke.
What should I do after discovering that the elderly have a stroke?
Once you find a suspected stroke patient, you should contact the emergency center in time and keep the patient in a quiet supine position. Before the arrival of the doctor, we should pay attention to keep the patient's respiratory tract unobstructed, because patients with consciousness disorder will not only cough and spit, but also vomit easily, and the base of the tongue will shrink back, which will easily block the respiratory tract and endanger their lives. Keep the patient lying on the side of his head, and pay attention to negative pressure suction when vomiting due to excessive phlegm. Stroke patients are often unconscious, restless, convulsive or paralyzed, so that they fall out of bed, causing trauma and aggravating their illness. Therefore, it is very necessary to prevent them from falling.
In big cities, there are many rescue vehicles and spare parts, but traffic congestion will delay many treatment opportunities. In backward areas, inconvenient transportation is an important reason for delaying patients' medical treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to contact the emergency center in time to ensure that patients get treatment as soon as possible.
Treating cerebral infarction with a doctor as soon as possible is like cleaning the river, removing the thrombus blocking the arterial blood vessels and restoring blood flow. At present, the most effective and simple way to remove thrombus is to dissolve thrombus with drugs, which is called thrombolytic therapy. It is suitable for patients whose stroke is less than 6 hours and whose cerebral hemorrhage has been ruled out by head CT examination.
Thrombolysis has certain risks:
The main risks are cerebral hemorrhage and revascularization. Therefore, it is necessary for family members to sign an informed consent form and get consent before starting treatment. Although this procedure is cumbersome, it is still necessary at present. Regrettably, some family members often feel a great responsibility and dare not make a decision, thus delaying treatment. I once met a patient whose neighbors rushed him to the hospital. The general situation and timing of patients are also suitable for thrombolytic therapy. But when the doctor asked the patient's family for advice, the neighbors couldn't, and the brother and sister felt that they should listen to the patient's advice. However, his wife could not get to the hospital for some reason, and the only other family member was a 14-year-old daughter. When asking for her advice, her daughter cried with fear, and no one dared to make a decision. Due to the delay of treatment opportunity, it caused lifelong disability.
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