Functions and uses of amino acids. Amino acids are an important part of protein, and they are also essential nutrients for our human body. There are many amino acids in our daily life. Let's refer to the efficacy and use of amino acids.
The efficacy and use of amino acid 1 1 to synthesize tissue protein.
Protein is the first nutrient element in human life activities, and the basic unit of protein is amino acid. If there are no essential amino acids in human body, it will make the body unable to synthesize protein smoothly and affect the metabolic disorder of the body.
2, play a role in nitrogen balance
The total balance of nitrogen means that the daily intake of nitrogen is equal to that of feces, urine and skin, which is actually the balance of continuous synthesis and decomposition between protein and amino acids. If the intake of protein exceeds the body's regulatory capacity, the balance mechanism will be destroyed. If the body supplements too little protein, the protein in the body will continue to decompose, forming a negative nitrogen balance.
Step 3 turn into fat or sugar
α -keto acids produced by amino acid catabolism will be metabolized along the metabolic pathways of sugar or fat with different characteristics, and then new amino acids will be synthesized and converted into sugar and fat, or enter tricarboxylic acid for cyclic oxidation and decomposition into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.
4. Participate in the formation of enzymes
Amino acids are involved in the formation of enzymes, hormones and some vitamins. The chemical essence of enzymes is protein, such as pepsin. The components of nitrogenous hormone are protein or its derivatives, such as growth hormone and insulin. Some vitamins are converted from amino acids or combined with protein. Enzymes, hormones and vitamins play a very important role in regulating physiological functions and catalyzing metabolism.
5. Side effects of amino acids
It is reasonable to eat high-protein food and supplement amino acids properly, so there will be no side effects, but now there are many amino acid oral liquids and nutritional supplements on the market, and many people will buy them. The human body is not short of amino acids. What side effects can there be from excessive supplementation?
(1) leads to obesity.
Amino acids are suitable for patients with protein deficiency and weakness, such as liver failure and muscle weakness. Normal people are prone to obesity and other diseases if they are rich in nutrients and do not lack amino acids in their bodies.
(2) Increase the incidence of diabetes.
A high-protein diet will increase the incidence of diabetes, and amino acids are the basic unit of protein. Excessive use of amino acids will increase the risk of diabetes.
6. Suitable amino acid groups
1, chronic patient
This kind of patients mainly refer to patients with ulcers, trauma, burns, fractures and postoperative wound healing. In the healing process of these wounds, a lot of protein's participation is needed. Because protein is an important part of human muscles, bones and skin. Therefore, this kind of chronic patients, timely supplement of amino acids, wound healing, physical recovery.
2. People with poor gastrointestinal function
For essential amino acids, the human body cannot synthesize them and needs to take them from the diet. People with poor gastrointestinal function often can't absorb enough amino acids in things. Appropriate supplementation of amino acids can enhance physical fitness.
3, the elderly
Old people's physical function gradually declines, their metabolism slows down, and their absorption of amino acids will be greatly reduced, so they can supplement amino acids and increase nutrition.
4. People under great pressure
The pace of modern life is fast, and both work and life are prone to stress. People who are under too much pressure are in a sub-health state mentally and physically. Timely supplementation of essential amino acids can relieve physical stress and bring about a better mental state.
5. People with poor health
For people with poor physique, the best remedy is exercise. This is not allowed. Supplementing amino acids while exercising can not only supplement nutrition, but also repair the body and enhance physical fitness.
6, liver and kidney deficiency.
The five zang-organs and six fu-organs coordinate with each other. Liver and renal insufficiency will greatly weaken the detoxification function of human body, and then affect the absorption of nutrients by the whole human body. At this time, amino acid supplementation can provide energy necessary for life and maintain life operation.
Efficacy and usefulness of amino acids 2 When it comes to amino acids, people may think of protein. Amino acids are an important part of protein, which can keep the activity of protein. Amino acids are also essential in the nutrients that our human body needs, and there are many kinds of amino acids that human body needs. So, what are the essential amino acids for human body?
1, methionine
Methionine oil is called methionine, which is mainly involved in the composition of hemoglobin, tissues and serum, and promotes the functions of spleen, pancreas and lymph. When the human body lacks methionine, there will be loss of appetite, slow growth or weight loss, kidney enlargement, liver iron accumulation and other phenomena, which will eventually lead to liver necrosis or fibrosis.
2. Valine
Valine mainly acts on corpus luteum, breast and ovary. When valine is insufficient, the nervous system is prone to confusion, and patients with advanced cirrhosis are prone to liver injury and hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, branched-chain amino acids such as valine are often injected to treat diseases such as liver failure. In addition, valine can also be used as a therapeutic agent to accelerate wound healing.
3. Lysine
As one of the essential amino acids, lysine is of great significance in health care and clinical nutrition, especially in children's growth and development, recovery from illness and pregnancy and lactation. Lysine is usually considered as one of the important indexes of food nutritional value. Lack of lysine can cause physiological dysfunction such as dysplasia, anorexia, anemia and tooth dysplasia. Lysine is mainly used as a nutrient to increase appetite in children's nutritional recovery period.
4. Isoleucine
Isoleucine is essential to maintain the growth of adults, children and infants. Lack of isoleucine can cause skeletal muscle disorder, but when supplementing amino acids, isoleucine should keep an appropriate proportion with other amino acids. If the dosage of isoleucine is too large, it will produce nutritional antagonism and balance the consumption burden of other amino acids.
5, phenylalanine
After phenylalanine is ingested by food, part of it is used to synthesize protein, and part of it is converted into tyrosine by phenylalanine hydroxylase in the liver, and then converted into other physiologically active substances, which helps to eliminate the loss of kidney and bladder functions.
6. Leucine
Leucine is one of the eight essential amino acids to maintain human balance. Lack of leucine in children can cause idiopathic hyperglycemia, but blood sugar will drop rapidly after leucine supplementation. Leucine is suitable for liver diseases, anemia, poisoning and other diseases with impaired glucose metabolism and decreased bile secretion, so leucine can be used as a component of injections and various tonics.
7, tryptophan
Tryptophan can promote the production of gastric juice and pancreatic juice. Tryptophan can be converted into serotonin, an important neurotransmitter in adult brain, which can improve sleep time. When tryptophan is lacking, symptoms such as insanity, hallucination and insomnia will appear. 5- hydroxytryptamine can constrict blood vessels, and the body will release 5- hydroxytryptamine to stop bleeding after injury. Tryptophan is commonly used in medicine as an anti-nasal congestion agent, an antispasmodic agent and a gastric juice secretion regulator.
8. Threonine
Threonine can promote phospholipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in human body, and has anti-fatty liver effect. Threonine iron chelate has good anti-anemia effect. The content of protein in cereals is low, and the utilization rate of threonine in food protein is extremely low. Therefore, threonine is as important a nutrient as lysine. Threonine deficiency can cause anorexia, fatty liver, testicular atrophy and other symptoms, and the symptoms of threonine can return to normal.
9. Histidine
Histidine is an essential amino acid for growing babies, but it is not necessary for adults. Adults can synthesize histidine by themselves, but children under 10 can't. Only through the supply of food protein and the regulation of histidine's main function and metabolism can we reduce the acidity of gastric juice, prevent anemia and reduce vomiting and heartburn during pregnancy.
10, the role of amino acids
1, which can discharge toxic substances from human body and effectively reduce the harm caused by radiation and pollution. Eliminate metabolites in the body after strenuous exercise and accelerate mental and physical recovery.
2. The α -keto acid produced by amino acid catabolism will be metabolized along the metabolic pathways of sugar or fat with different characteristics, and then new amino acids will be synthesized and converted into sugar and fat to release energy for the body.
3. Amino acids constitute protein, which endows protein with a specific molecular structure and promotes the normal metabolism of the body. Different amino acids have different functions and are indispensable to the human body.
What side effects do amino acids have? Many people don't know. It is not only helpful to human body, but also harmful to human health. Therefore, when choosing amino acids, it should be carried out in moderation. It also has many functions for diabetic patients, such as placing acute hepatitis, so that all aspects of the body will not be hurt, which is also helpful.
Side effects of amino acids:
Amino acids are used for regulating blood sugar, dietotherapy for diabetes, preventing and treating liver dysfunction caused by acute hepatitis, and supplementing protein loss caused by physical weakness and various diseases after illness. But many people are still worried about the side effects of amino acids. The side effects of amino acids are detailed as follows.
One side effect of amino acids: obesity. Amino acids are suitable for patients with protein deficiency and weakness, as well as patients with liver and renal failure and muscle weakness. If they are normal people with rich nutrition, excessive protein or amino acids in their bodies will cause obesity.
The second side effect of amino acids: causing physical discomfort, not suitable for healthy teenagers and children with normal digestive ability. It is a three-point poison, and it is inevitable that various discomforts will occur after eating it.
Side effects of amino acids: A high-protein diet will increase the incidence of diabetic nephropathy. Amino acids belong to a high-protein diet, and excessive consumption can lead to diabetes. Pharmacological effects of various amino acids:
Amino acids have different metabolic effects on infants and adults. Using common amino acid infusion, the activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase in infants is low and it is easy to produce high phenylalanine. It also makes tyrosine insufficient;
Because cystathionine has low activity, it is easy to produce high methionine;
Histidine synthesis is slow and it is easy to produce secondary histidine.
High glycine content will lead to high blood ammonia.
Therefore, the dosage of phenylalanine, methionine and glycine should be reduced and the dosage of cysteine, tyrosine and histidine should be increased when infants use amino acid infusion to keep the plasma amino acid spectrum normal. This product adapts to the metabolic characteristics of infants, reduces the dosage of phenylalanine, methionine and glycine, and increases the dosage of cysteine, tyrosine and histidine to meet the nutritional needs of children.
Everything has two sides, and the good side is the opposite.
Through the above introduction, we have a good understanding of the side effects of amino acids, so when choosing, we should also choose in moderation, especially for patients with diseases, and we should not use them at will, otherwise it will do great harm to our health, and for diabetic patients, our diet should also be reasonably matched.