1, Matters needing attention in raising meat pigeons
First, pay attention to the quality of pigeon breeding.
Whether breeding pigeons for production are good or not is the premise of every pigeon breeding enterprise and the foundation of pigeon farm. Excellent breeding pigeons have high immunity, disease resistance, endurance and hatching rate, and young pigeons grow fast, reaching more than 500 grams at the age of 25 days. If it is inferior pigeon breeding, the situation will be different and the economic benefits will be out of the question. Therefore, when importing, you must go to a licensed breeding pigeon farm to buy it, and you must distinguish breeding pigeons from commercial breeding pigeons to reduce the risk of introduction and improve the success rate.
B, pay attention to pigeon breeding technology.
Feeding management technology is the key to the success or failure of pigeon breeding industry. Whether it is an existing pigeon farm or a newly-built pigeon farm, if there is a lack of breeding knowledge and technology, science and technology cannot be updated, and the traditional and backward breeding methods can not produce good economic benefits even if they have excellent breeding pigeons. In this regard, it is necessary to learn and master technology before building and introducing farms. You need to learn through technical training or buying some books and periodicals on pigeon breeding. Never invite people who don't understand pigeon breeding industry and have no training to manage it, otherwise "tuition" will be a painful price.
C. pay attention to market risks.
At present, the pigeon market is in short supply, but it is wrong to say that there is no risk in the market. Pigeon consumer market, whether at home or abroad, has a demand standard. High-quality squab will certainly sell well when it enters the market, but if it is inferior squab whose quality is not up to the standard, then market risks will inevitably exist.
D, pay attention to introduce the price.
The price of breeding pigeons is determined by the quality, month, year and sales service of breeding units. Pigeons with good varieties and excellent service are naturally expensive. However, the excessive introduction price will affect the future capital operation. Because breeding pigeons generally need to be replaced after five years of use, plus bank interest and unpredictable business risks, if the principal is not recovered within two or three years, it may lose money. Therefore, when introducing pigeons, we should also pay attention to the quality of pigeons, introduce breeding pigeons of different months and ages, and reduce the upfront investment cost.
2. Early preparation for raising meat pigeons
First, pigeon farm preparation:
Pigeons are afraid of humidity, sweltering heat and animal injury. In order to facilitate management and epidemic prevention, pigeon farms with conditions should be selected in dry, well-ventilated, well-lit, convenient transportation, pollution-free and noise-free places. There are many types of pigeon houses, including double cages, single cages, group cages, open sheds, etc., preferably facing south or southeast.
Pigeon farms without conditions can be transformed by using old factories and warehouses according to local conditions. After successful breeding, there will be an economic base for further development.
B, pigeon coop preparation:
Pigeons are sold in the pigeon coop market. For small farmers' pigeon farms, they can buy galvanized nets to make their own. The self-made pigeon coop is 180 cm long, 50 cm high and 60 cm deep. It is divided into three small rooms with nets in the middle, and each room can support 1 pair. The spacing of the bottom net is 1 cm, and the spacing of the lower half of the back net, the partition net and the side net is 1.5 cm. The spacing between the front screen and the top screen can be larger.
Pigeons have troughs, water cups, eggs, sand cups and so on. , can be purchased in sets, can also be made of cans and bottles.
C, pigeon breeding technology preparation:
Improving the reproductive rate, survival rate and first-class product rate of meat pigeons is the key to ensure the success of pigeon breeding. This needs to solve the talent problem of pigeon breeding technology in advance, whether it is external training or internal training. If it is internal training, it is necessary to arrange personnel or go to a regular pigeon breeding farm for training. If you don't have the conditions, you need to buy a large number of professional pigeon books, newspapers and magazines for self-study, or you can often check the "Technical Digest-Meat Pigeons" section of this website to improve continuously.
D, preparation of pigeon beverage:
Pigeons have no gallbladder, mainly plant feed, and like to eat granular substances, such as corn, rice, wheat and beans. This requires the preparation of materials according to local crop resources. However, the variety and quality of raw grain are inconsistent, the feed stability is poor, pigeons are picky eaters, and the nutritional components are often incomplete and unreasonable, which affects the production of meat pigeons. Therefore, conditional pigeon farms should have the idea of buying pellet machines and making their own pellet feed for meat pigeons. You can also buy professional pigeon feed in the market.
E, pigeon epidemic prevention preparation:
Meat pigeons have strong disease resistance, but with the rapid development of pigeon breeding industry, pigeons are introduced and traded frequently, and the incidence of diseases is increasing day by day. Antibacterials, disinfectants, anthelmintics and other drugs that need to be preserved.
F, pigeon introduction preparation
Before introduction, it is necessary to fully understand the source of breeding pigeons and master the basic knowledge of breeding pigeons. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of purchasing by units with seedling management qualifications, the principle of comparing service with quality and price, and the principle of purchasing nearby to ensure the quality, price and structure of breeding pigeons. Newly-built pigeon breeding farms should be gradually introduced, and the scale and structure of pigeon breeding should be gradually expanded and optimized.
3. Pigeon breeding management technology;
Pigeons from hatching to 28 days old are collectively called squab in some areas * * * Pigeons from birth to 10 days old are called * * *.
Two hours after the squab came out of the shell, the mother pigeon began to blow the squab with her beak, and two hours later, the squab began to feed the pigeon with milk. At this time, young pigeons are small and weak, and it is easy to die. We must strengthen management. First, observe carefully and pay attention to avoid being trampled to death or frozen to death by breeding pigeons. If the young pigeon can't eat pigeon milk for 5-6 hours, it is necessary to find out the reason in time * * * Feed the young pigeon with artificial pigeon milk if necessary * * *. It is found that when parents are not breastfeeding, they can find breeding pigeons for foster care at the same time, and some parents can avoid feeding single pigeons, thus improving production capacity.
After 3 ~ 4 days of age, the pigeon's eyes slowly open, its body gradually becomes stronger, its feathers begin to grow, its food intake gradually increases, and its digestive ability is enhanced. At this time, homing pigeons should often feed their young pigeons, sometimes as many as ten times a day, so the amount of feed supplied to homing pigeons should be sufficient and the nutrition should meet the needs. At this time, the amount of feces discharged by young pigeons increases, which is easy to pollute the nest. Change bedding and forage in time every day to avoid diseases.
10 day old, young pigeons grow many new feathers and can walk by themselves. The heat preservation time of young pigeons was shortened by parents, and the food fed by parents changed from pigeon milk to semi-pellet feed. A few young pigeons have not fully adapted, and often have indigestion and crop infection. In this case, you should take some yeast tablets or stomach medicine in time to help digestion. & ltP & gt
Pigeons 15 days old have basically the same feathers and can move freely. You can grab the nest and spread a piece of 20 cm× 20 cm cloth in the cage to let it adapt slowly without spraining its foot. At this time, the feed given by parents is granular, which is the same as the feed they eat, and most parents have started laying eggs again, so they have no intention of feeding the young pigeons, so they should be artificially fed during this period.
After 20 days of age, the squab is full of feathers and can move in the cage, but it can't completely peck by itself. You still have to rely on the pigeons, but you can take the initiative to beg for food from the pigeons. At this time, the mother pigeon will force it to eat independently. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen management and increase the supply of high-protein feed to meet the needs of young pigeons. Pigeons can weigh 500-750g at the age of 25-28 days and can be sold. * * * Young pigeons at this time are called young pigeons.
4. Feeding technology of squab:
From leaving the nest at the age of 28 to transferring to a group, it is best to achieve "three invariants" where conditions permit: in-situ feeding, original breeder feeding and keeping the original feed unchanged, which can promote the normal growth and development of young pigeons. Pigeons under 2 months old are difficult to raise from parent pigeon to independent life, so it is necessary to strengthen feeding management, pay attention to heat preservation and ventilation, strengthen the supply of sanitary sand and feed nutrition, and increase the disease resistance of the machine to make it grow and develop normally. At this time, we should do "three look and three check": "three look" means looking at the dynamics, the amount of food, and the feces; The "three checks" are to check whether we have eaten feed, whether we are overcrowded, and whether we have been bitten. Those who can't eat feed can be fed separately, those who are bitten and injured can be cared for in time, and those who are aggressive can be fed separately. If it is crowded, it can be raised in groups. Pigeons begin to molt at the age of 2 months, so protein feed should be appropriately added in the feed to promote feather renewal. Add 5% hemp seed to feed, andrographis paniculata or gentian to health sand, and add a small amount of antibiotics to drinking water in a planned way to prevent respiratory diseases and paratyphoid fever. In the meantime, special attention should be paid to the hygiene of cages and utensils, and they should be cleaned and disinfected on time. At 3 ~ 4 months, the secondary sexual characteristics began to appear, and the activity ability became stronger and stronger. At this time, it is necessary to eliminate the fittest, raise males and females separately, or forcibly pair them in cages to exterminate homing pigeons and ensure their normal growth and development.
5. How to identify the sex of meat pigeon?
The first is the sex identification of young pigeons.
(1) In a pair of young pigeons in the same nest, the male young pigeons are always eager to eat, and they are strong and grow a little faster. ② After10 day old, male chicks are sensitive, their feathers stand up and they can peck people's fingers. ③ Male chicks are particularly lively and active, and often leave the nest basin first. ④ Male chicks have a stout head, a square rear view, a wide, thick and slightly short beak, a large and flat nose tumor, and a thick and firm foot, while female chicks have the opposite. ⑤ Generally, the tail of the last four main wings of male chicks is sharp, the tail gland is not bifurcated, and the foot bone is long and sharp, but the female is the opposite.
The second is the identification of the sex of adult pigeons:
① Male pigeons often actively chase female pigeons and make a "goo, goo" sound. ② The male pigeon is big, lively and aggressive, with a large nose tumor and strong feet. ③ When catching pigeons, the male pigeons strongly resisted, making a continuous "goo, goo" sound, and the instantaneous membrane flashed rapidly. (4) The neck feathers of male pigeons are thick and shiny, and they are loose when courting, and the tail feathers are often dirty; The neck of the mother pigeon is slender and soft, and the tail feathers are clean and tight. ⑤ The phalanges of male pigeons are narrow and tight, while those of female pigeons are wide and elastic.
6, pigeon breeding technology:
Pigeons gradually began to pair at the age of 5 months, and became sexually mature at the age of 6 months. Most of the main wing feathers of pigeons have been replaced to the last 1, which has basically entered the pigeon breeding period.
* * *1* * Preparation before spawning: spawn 8 ~ 10 days after pairing. At this time, if possible, it should be kept in cages or moved to a pigeon house with egg nests to prepare the egg nests, and the egg nests should be covered with 1 linen sheets to avoid breaking the eggs. It is necessary to check whether there are holes in the cage to prevent the interference of cats, dogs, snakes and rats or the invasion of ventilation and leakage, causing undue losses.
* * * 2 * * Do a good job in the management from spawning to hatching: ① Check whether there are abnormal eggs and broken eggs in time after spawning, and take them out in time if found. For newborn pigeons, always observe whether the egg nest is fixed and whether the two eggs are concentrated in the center and bottom of the egg nest. (2) Observe whether the new spouses are harmonious, whether they often jump around and peck at each other, resulting in broken eggs. For large pigeons, special attention should be paid to prevent them from pressing eggs, and more importantly, pigeons with malnutrition or bad eating habits should be prevented from pecking eggs. ③ Take pictures of eggs on time, deal with bad people in time, and take out eggs without sperm, dead sperm and dead embryos in time to prevent eggs from stinking and affecting the health of normal eggs and pigeons. If unfertilized eggs and dead embryos are found, we should find out the reasons and improve the management system.
* * * 3 * * Combine eggs at the same time to hatch in pairs: If there are 1 egg in the nest or 1 egg left after two photos, eggs at the same time should be combined to hatch in pairs to improve productivity.
***4*** Egg nests should be kept warm and clean, and double egg nests should be prepared. Pigeons should be kept warm after birth. Change linen * * * hay * * and wash the feces in the egg nest frequently to keep it clean and hygienic. When the young pigeon 12 days old, it should be put into an egg nest for standby, because at this time, the breeding pigeon begins to lay the second nest of eggs, and the second nest of eggs will be produced around 15 days. Breeding pigeons bear the dual tasks of breastfeeding and hatching. At this stage, it is necessary to carefully manage feeding, increase feed nutrition and increase feeding times to ensure the completion of the dual tasks of breeding pigeons.
* * * 5 * * Make a good registration record: Make a good record of pigeon production at any time to provide an important digital basis for future feeding management.