Now prenatal care pays attention to prenatal care. Before you get pregnant, you should be prepared to get pregnant. When you are pregnant, you should check everything, especially the prenatal examination. Not only pregnant women, but also children, should find their own and baby's problems in time so as to deal with them in time. Let me introduce you to prenatal care.
Prenatal check-up must be in 1 check-up items.
(1) Blood routine;
(2) urine routine;
(3) blood types (ABO and RH);
(4) liver function;
(5) renal function;
(6) fasting blood glucose;
(7) Hepatitis B surface antigen;
(8) Treponema pallidum;
(9) HIV screening.
Items for future reference
(1) Hepatitis C virus screening.
(2) Anti-D titer (Rh negative).
(3)75g OGTT (high-risk pregnant women or those with symptoms).
(4) Screening of thalassemia (high-risk areas).
(5) Detection of thyroid function.
(6) serum ferritin (hemoglobin < 105g/L).
(7)PPD test (high risk pregnant women).
(8) Cervical cytology (those who were not examined before pregnancy 12 months).
(9) Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in cervical and vaginal secretions (high-risk pregnant women or those with symptoms).
(10) Detection of bacterial vaginosis (BV) (history of premature delivery).
(1 1) Maternal serological screening of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy in early pregnancy. Precautions: fasting; Ultrasonic examination to determine the gestational age; Determine the body mass on the day of blood drawing. In high-risk patients, chorionic villus biopsy or serological screening results can be considered in the second trimester before amniocentesis is decided.
(12) Ultrasonic examination. Ultrasound examination in the first trimester: to determine intrauterine pregnancy and gestational age, whether the fetus is alive, the number of fetuses or the nature of twins' villi, and the situation of uterine accessories. The thickness (NT) of posterior hyaline layer of fetal neck was measured by ultrasound at113 weeks +6. Check the gestational age.
(13) villus biopsy (pregnancy10-12 weeks), mainly aimed at high-risk pregnant women.
(14) ECG examination.
Prenatal health check-up during pregnancy II First prenatal check-up (pregnancy 6- 13 weeks +6)
1. Health education and guidance: (1) Understanding and preventing abortion. (2) Nutrition and lifestyle guidance (health, sex life, sports, travel, work). According to the pre-pregnancy body mass index (body mass index), suggestions on weight gain during pregnancy are put forward, as shown in table 1. (3) Continue to supplement folic acid 0.4-0.8 mg/d until the third month of pregnancy, and those who have the conditions can continue to take folic acid-containing multivitamins. (4) Avoid contact with toxic and harmful substances (such as radiation, high temperature, lead, mercury, benzene, arsenic, pesticides, etc.). ). (5) Use drugs with caution and avoid using drugs that may affect the normal development of the fetus. (6) Change bad habits (such as smoking, drinking and taking drugs). ) and lifestyle; Avoid high-intensity work, high-noise environment and domestic violence. (7) keep your mind. 2. Routine health care: (1) Establish a health care manual during pregnancy. (2) Ask about menstruation carefully, determine the gestational age and calculate the expected date of delivery. (3) Evaluate the high-risk factors during pregnancy, inform those who are not suitable to continue pregnancy, and terminate pregnancy in time; If the high-risk pregnancy persists, evaluate whether to refer it. (4) Comprehensive physical examination, including cardiopulmonary auscultation, measuring blood pressure and weight, and calculating body mass index; ; Routine gynecological examination (not done in the first 3 months of pregnancy); Fetal heart rate measurement (Doppler auscultation, pregnancy 12 weeks or so).
Items that must be checked:
(1) Blood routine; (2) urine routine; (3) blood types (ABO and RH); (4) liver function; (5) renal function; (6) fasting blood glucose; (7) Hepatitis B surface antigen; (8) Treponema pallidum; (9) HIV screening; (10) thalassemia screening (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing and other places); (1 1) Ultrasonic inspection. Ultrasound examination should be done in the first trimester to determine whether there is intrauterine pregnancy and gestational age, whether the fetus is alive, the number of fetuses and the situation of uterine accessories.
Reference items:
(1) Hepatitis C screening. (2) Anti-D titer test (Rh negative). (3) 75g OGTT (high-risk pregnant woman). (4) Detection of thyroid function. (5) Serum ferritin (hemoglobin < 1 10g/L). (6) PPD test (high risk pregnant women). (7) Cervical cytology examination (those who were not examined before pregnancy 12 months). (8) Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in cervical secretions (high-risk pregnant women or those with symptoms). (9) Detection of bacterial vaginosis (BV) (those with symptoms or a history of premature delivery). (10) Maternal serological screening of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy in the first trimester (pregnancy 10- 13 weeks +6). (1 1) Ultrasonic examination: The transparent layer (NT) of the neck was measured at113 weeks of pregnancy; Check the gestational age; Twin pregnancy determines the nature of chorion. High-risk patients can consider chorionic biopsy or amniocentesis. (12) villus biopsy (pregnancy 10- 13 weeks +6 weeks, mainly for high-risk pregnant women). (13) ECG examination.