1. Let students understand the role of chemistry in human progress.
2. Let students know why they want to continue studying chemistry in high school.
3. Stimulate students' interest in learning chemistry and understand the learning methods of chemistry in senior high school.
4. Cultivate students' patriotism by understanding China's achievements in chemistry.
Teaching process:
[Introduction] In high school, chemistry is still a compulsory course. Chemistry-the key to human progress is quoted from the speech of Professor Seeburg, a famous American chemist and Nobel Prize winner in chemistry. Perhaps we still know little about the meaning of this sentence. I believe that after learning this lesson, we will agree with Professor Seeburg and have a new understanding of chemistry.
Chemistry has gone through the prehistoric practical technical stage to the modern chemical stage represented by atomic and molecular theory, and the modern chemical stage represented by the theory of material structure based on modern science and technology.
Early chemistry was only a practical technology, and in this respect, China was at the forefront of the world. Two of China's four great inventions are achievements in chemistry. China's porcelain burning technology is world-famous. Exquisite bronze products are rare in the world, and these technologies have played an important role in the progress of mankind in the world.
Under the extensive exploration of medicinal chemistry and metallurgical chemistry, the atom-molecule theory has emerged, which makes chemistry enter the door of science from practical technology. Under the guidance of this theory, people have discovered a large number of elements, and at the same time revealed the fundamental law of the material world-the periodic law of elements. With the establishment of modern material structure theory, the secrets of the material world have been further revealed, and a large number of synthetic substances have appeared.
China chemists have also made outstanding contributions. The synthesis of bovine insulin is the first time in the world to synthesize bioactive protein by artificial method, which has taken the first step for human beings to explore the secret of life.
The development of chemical theory promote that development of synthetic chemistry. The infiltration of chemistry and other disciplines has promoted the development of materials, energy and other sciences.
Materials are the material basis for human survival and development, and have always been an important milestone in human progress. The Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age were all marked by materials. Without semiconductor materials, there would be no computer technology; Without special materials with high temperature resistance and high strength, there would be no space technology; Without optical fiber, there would be no modern communication; If there were no synthetic materials, would today's life be so colorful?
【 Question 】 Besides synthetic materials, what other problems in human society need to be solved by chemical methods?
Fossil energy is limited, so chemistry is needed to improve combustion efficiency and develop new energy. Protecting the environment for human survival requires chemistry; Improving crop yield and solving the problem of eating need chemistry; Maintaining human health is inseparable from chemistry. It is not difficult to see that chemistry plays an irreplaceable role in social development.
[Question] How to use chemical knowledge to study and solve practical problems?
[One-minute speech]: Students are required to give a one-minute speech on the role of chemistry in social development according to the materials provided in this class and their own experiences.
[Transition] Chemistry is so important to the development of human society, how should we learn chemistry well?
[Explanation] In addition to attaching importance to chemical experiments and mastering the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry, it is very important to attach importance to the training of scientific methods. The scientific methods commonly used in chemical research include experimental method, model method and logical method.
In chemistry learning, we should get a lot of perceptual knowledge from experiments; Many conclusions should be verified by experiments; Many unknowns need to be explored by experiments; As an essential experimental skill in learning chemistry, it needs to be improved by doing experiments.
Under the current experimental conditions, it is impossible to see atoms directly with eyes. To study chemical laws, we must understand the structure of atoms, which requires the establishment of atomic models, through which we can imagine the real structure of atoms. Not only atoms but also molecules need it. The molecular model of bovine insulin in front is the crystallization of the sweat of many scientific and technological workers. Therefore, the model method is one of the important methods to learn chemistry.
Logical methods are widely used in scientific research. For example, according to the properties of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and other acids, the commonness of acids can be obtained by induction, and the properties of phosphoric acid can also be inferred by analogy. To sum up, we should pay attention to training scientific methods and improve the ability of analyzing and solving problems in senior high school chemistry learning. In addition, we should keep close contact with society and real life, be good at finding problems, asking questions, thinking diligently, reading extra-curricular books and gaining more knowledge. think
-Teaching purpose
1. Let students understand the role of chemistry in human progress.
2. Let students know why they want to continue studying chemistry in high school.
3. Stimulate students' interest in learning chemistry and understand the learning methods of chemistry in senior high school.
4. Cultivate students' patriotism by understanding China's achievements in chemistry. teaching method
Speech method, discussion method and audio-visual teaching method.
Teaching media
Television, player, projector, physical object.
teaching process
[Introduction] In high school, chemistry is still a compulsory course. Chemistry-the key to human progress is quoted from the speech of Professor Seeburg, a famous American chemist and Nobel Prize winner in chemistry. Perhaps we still know little about the meaning of this sentence. I believe that after learning this lesson, we will agree with Professor Seeburg and have a new understanding of chemistry.
[Projection] Photographs taken by nanotechnology.
[Explanation] The two words in the photo were "written" on the surface of silicon crystal by manipulating silicon atoms. The width of the word "China" is about two nanometers (1nm =1×10-9m).
M), the smallest Chinese character in the world at present, shows that human beings have entered the era of manipulating atoms, and only a few countries such as China have mastered it at present. We should be proud of this.
[Transition] Chemistry has played a very important role in the history of human progress.
[Play video] History of chemical development
(If there is no video to see the text)
[Explanation] Chemistry has gone through the prehistoric practical technical stage to the modern chemical stage represented by atomic and molecular theory, and the modern chemical stage represented by the material structure theory based on modern science and technology.
[Projected blackboard book]
Practical technology modern chemistry modern chemistry
(metallurgy, gunpowder, papermaking) (atomic and molecular theory) (material structure theory)
[Explanation] Early chemistry was just a practical technology. In this respect, China was at the forefront of the world. Two of China's four great inventions are achievements in chemistry. China's porcelain burning technology is world-famous. Exquisite bronze products (see color pictures) are rare in the world, and these science and technology have played an important role in the progress of mankind in the world.
Under the extensive exploration of medicinal chemistry and metallurgical chemistry, the atom-molecule theory has emerged, which makes chemistry enter the door of science from practical technology. Under the guidance of this theory, people have discovered a large number of elements, and at the same time revealed the fundamental law of the material world-the periodic law of elements. With the establishment of modern material structure theory, the secrets of the material world have been further revealed, and a large number of synthetic substances have appeared.
China chemists have also made outstanding contributions.
[Projection] Structural formula of bovine insulin crystal and chlorophyll
[Explanation] The synthesis of bovine insulin is the first time in the world to synthesize bioactive proteins by artificial methods, which has taken the first step for human beings to explore the secrets of life.
The development of chemical theory promote that development of synthetic chemistry. The infiltration of chemistry and other disciplines has promoted the development of materials, energy and other sciences.
[Display] Rubber, synthetic fiber, semiconductor material and optical fiber.
[Explanation] These substances are called materials, and the meaning of materials should include two meanings: what is needed by human society can be used to make useful articles.
[Projected blackboard book]
[Discussion] What role do these materials play in social progress?
[Summary] Materials are the material basis for human survival and development, and have always been an important milestone in human progress. The Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age were all marked by materials. Without semiconductor materials, there would be no computer technology; Without special materials with high temperature resistance and high strength, there would be no space technology; Without optical fiber, there would be no modern communication; If there were no synthetic materials, would today's life be so colorful?
【 Question 】 Besides synthetic materials, what other problems in human society need to be solved by chemical methods?
[Video playback] The relationship between chemistry and society
[Discussion] Discuss the role of chemistry in the development of modern society by watching the video.
[Summary] With the development of modern society, chemistry still plays a very important role.
Fossil energy is limited, so chemistry is needed to improve combustion efficiency and develop new energy. Protecting the environment for human survival requires chemistry; Improving crop yield and solving the problem of eating need chemistry; Maintaining human health is inseparable from chemistry. It is not difficult to see that chemistry plays an irreplaceable role in social development.
[Question] How to use chemical knowledge to study and solve practical problems?
[Explanation] There are the following light energy conversion relationships in nature:
Chlorophyll has been synthesized in China. If we can simulate the function of chlorophyll, we can realize the following transformations under natural light:
The idea that the earth will become cleaner will surely succeed.
[One-minute speech] Students are required to give a one-minute speech based on the materials provided in this class and their own experiences: "The role of chemistry in social development.
[Transition] Chemistry is so important to the development of human society, how should we learn chemistry well?
[Explanation] In addition to attaching importance to chemical experiments and mastering the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry, it is very important to attach importance to the training of scientific methods. The scientific methods commonly used in chemical research include experimental method, model method and logical method.
In chemistry learning, we should get a lot of perceptual knowledge from experiments; Many conclusions should be verified by experiments; Many unknowns need to be explored by experiments; As an essential experimental skill in learning chemistry, it needs to be improved by doing experiments. Therefore, it is very important to observe and demonstrate experiments, group experiments and family experiments in the future chemistry study.
Under the current experimental conditions, it is impossible to see atoms directly with eyes. To study chemical laws, we must understand the structure of atoms, which requires the establishment of atomic models, through which we can imagine the real structure of atoms. Not only atoms but also molecules need it. The molecular model of bovine insulin in front is the crystallization of the sweat of many scientific and technological workers. Therefore, the model method is one of the important methods to learn chemistry.
Logical methods are widely used in scientific research. For example, according to the properties of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and other acids, the commonness of acids can be obtained by induction, and the properties of phosphoric acid can also be inferred by analogy.
To sum up, we should pay attention to training scientific methods and improve the ability of analyzing and solving problems in senior high school chemistry learning.
In addition, we should keep close contact with society and real life, be good at finding problems, asking questions, thinking diligently, reading extra-curricular books and gaining more knowledge. I believe everyone will learn chemistry well in the new school year.
homework
1. Make a material specimen.
[Internal Binding Package]