2, all kinds of bonsai flowers on the balcony at home, often clean the room, often bask in the quilt, keep the air in the family environment fresh and pleasant.
3. Reduce noise pollution, and try to lower the volume when talking or playing a tape recorder.
4. Properly dispose of wastes, classify domestic garbage and reasonably discharge domestic water.
5. Protect wild animals and plants, do not eat wild animals, and protect ecological balance.
6. Advise family members, relatives and friends not to smoke and burn garbage at will, maintain family health and keep the environment clean.
7. Plastic bottles, waste paper, etc. After collection, it is sold to waste collection stations to reduce waste discharge.
8. Take good care of pets kept at home, prevent neighbors from resting and fecal pollution, and maintain a harmonious living community and environment.
9. Taomi water can be used to water flowers or wash vegetables and flush toilets.
10. Put the waste batteries into the recycling bin or send them to the recycling bin after collection.
Save electricity, protect resources and reduce pollution.
Electricity is something that every primary school student comes into contact with every day, and it is also an indispensable thing in our daily study and life, but now its consumption is amazing. Therefore, every move when using electricity should start with saving.
In China, power generation mainly depends on burning coal, and the coal on the earth is limited. According to the current consumption rate, the global coal will be consumed within 250 years. After that, we will have no coal for our future generations.
Saving electricity means saving coal and directly contributes to reducing air pollution. Because acid rain is formed by burning coal, it can strongly corrode buildings, acidify soil and water, lead to reduced grain production and death of plants, fish and shrimp. According to calculation, the annual economic losses caused by acid rain in southwest and south China alone amount to 654.38+0.4 billion yuan.
Saving electricity can slow down global warming. Because of the large amount of carbon dioxide emitted by coal combustion, it blocks the heat from the ground from radiating to the outside of the sky like a cover, resulting in the greenhouse effect. If the earth's temperature rises, it will cause drought or flood and melt icebergs. If all the icebergs on the earth melt, countries and islands with lower altitudes will disappear.
Living today, we are bound to enter the next century. Many of them are vulnerable to global warming. 65,438+035,000 children in 65,438+092 schools in Germany vowed to reduce the harmful gases that cause the greenhouse effect in their communities by 65,438+00%. They put on energy-saving lamps, refused to use air conditioners, gave up cars and chose bicycles. After seven months of hard work, they achieved their goal.
In a blink of an eye, we have entered a beautiful June, which is a great opportunity to plant trees and green the country. In order to create a good green home and protect the ecological environment, I suggest that students:
Love nature, love flowers and trees, and protect animals.
Carry out tree planting and green protection activities.
Actively publicize environmental protection and let environmental awareness enter thousands of households.
Now through various media, people are more and more aware of the existence of environmental and development problems. Many people have heard of the disappearance of tropical rain forests, acid rain, ozone layer destruction, global warming, sharp decline in biodiversity, poverty, refugee flows, food crisis and other issues. But for many people, these things happen in distant places, not in the local environment.
However, careful observation reveals that many of these problems occur locally, even on campus. Students and teachers in schools are consumers of resources. At the same time, as community members and present or future citizens, teachers and students are also responsible for community development and contribute to the sustainable development of the community. If the road of sustainable development is compared to a runway, then there are no spectators outside the runway, and everyone is an athlete. The problem of environment and development is not only a matter for the government, but also a matter for everyone and individuals.
Environmental protection knowledge is one of the necessary qualities for talents in 2 1 century. In order to make teachers and students deeply understand and understand the importance of environmental problems and improve their environmental knowledge, awareness, skills, attitudes, values and behaviors. According to the "Environmental Education Action Program" issued by the State Environmental Protection Bureau, the State Education Commission and Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, and the instructions of the higher authorities, combined with the actual situation of the school, in recent years, the middle schools in the development zone have carried out the activities of creating green schools in an all-round way. Take environmental education as a major event in the school, always make unremitting efforts, and truly integrate the understanding of environmental education into the hearts of teachers and students.
In the activities of creating green schools, schools always attach importance to environmental education for students, advocate green civilization in schools and families, and implement environmental protection actions. While doing a good job in popularization, we should pay more attention to connotation and insist on instilling environmental awareness and environmental ethics in students in moral education, scientific and technological activities, team activities, social practice and other fields. After several years of exploration and practice, we have achieved good results and accumulated some experiences worth popularizing.
Give full play to the role of the classroom as the main channel, make use of all available conditions, let students effectively master the environmental protection content in the textbooks of various subjects, and cultivate their environmental awareness.
Attach importance to "green" propaganda
At present, the urgent task of environmental education in a sense is to educate students to "learn to be human" and let them have a "green mind". In order to make students have "green" consciousness as soon as possible, the school actively creates a good public opinion atmosphere, organizes students to consciously participate in planned environmental protection practice activities, and urges students to improve their environmental awareness and moral level as soon as possible.
First of all, the school has increased investment in environmental protection. Libraries and reading rooms subscribe to a large number of books, newspapers and periodicals with environmental protection propaganda content every year. The audio-visual education center of the school has special environmental protection video materials. Each class's computer is equipped with environmental information software, and students are regularly organized to watch it after class, so that students can understand the current environmental situation and learn environmental protection knowledge, so as to protect the environment with their own actions. In addition, the school also has a special environmental protection window to publicize environmental protection knowledge to students regularly to cooperate with the school's environmental education work; The Youth League Committee of the school takes the blackboard newspaper as the front position to publicize environmental protection, and often organizes the blackboard newspaper appraisal with environmental protection knowledge as the theme among all grades to promote "green" into the class through the appraisal; The "Voice of Campus" radio station opened the column "You, Me, Him, Global Village". Whenever environmental protection activities such as Arbor Day, Bird-loving Week, World Water Day, Earth Day and Environment Day come, they actively promote environmental protection and call on all classes to carefully write environmental protection broadcasts according to the theme of the festival. In addition, the school also set up environmental protection placards on campus, such as energy saving and emission reduction, green consumption, environmental shopping, improving the environment and saving the earth. Through the development of these activities, let students start from "I", start from small things, and pay attention to the environment everywhere.
Environmental protection anniversary
International Wetlands Day
February 2nd is International Wetlands Day. According to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat signed by 197 1 in Ramsar, Iran, wetlands refer to "permanent or temporary swamps, peatlands or static or flowing waters, or fresh water, brackish water or saline water bodies, including water bodies less than 6m at low tide". Wetlands play an important role in protecting biodiversity, especially the survival and migration of birds.
World Water Day
1993 65438+1October 18, the 47th UN General Assembly made a resolution to designate March 22nd as World Water Day every year. The resolution invites governments to carry out some specific activities on this day according to their national conditions to raise public awareness. Starting from 1994, the China Municipal Government changed the time of "China Water Week" to March 22 -28 every year, so as to highlight the theme of "World Water Day" in the publicity activities.
World Meteorological Day
1960, the World Meteorological Organization designated March 23rd as "World Meteorological Day" to arouse public attention to meteorological issues.
The World Earth Day
1969 senator Gaylord Nelson of Wisconsin proposed to hold a lecture on environmental protection in American universities. Soon, dennis hayes, a student of Harvard Law School in the United States, extended Nelson's proposal to hold large-scale community environmental protection activities in the United States and selected1April 22, 970 as the first "Earth Day". On that day, more than 20 million people in the United States, including members of Congress and people from all walks of life, took part in this grand environmental protection activity. Throughout the country, people shouted slogans of environmental protection, marched, assembled, made speeches and publicized in the streets and on campus. Subsequently, the influence expanded and surpassed the national boundaries of the United States, and received positive responses from many countries in the world, eventually forming a worldwide environmental protection movement. April 22nd is also becoming a global "Earth Day". On this day every year, various forms of mass environmental protection activities are carried out all over the world.
World No Tobacco Day
1987 The World Health Organization designated May 3 1 as "World No Tobacco Day" to remind people of the harm of cigarettes to human health.
World Environment Day
In the 1960s and 1970s, with the deepening of environmental protection movements in various countries, environmental problems became major social problems, and some environmental problems that crossed national boundaries frequently appeared, and environmental problems and environmental protection gradually entered the life of the international community. 1972 From June 5th to June 6th, 16, the United Nations held a conference on human environment in Stockholm. Government representatives and non-governmental people from 1 13 countries jointly discussed the contemporary environmental problems in the world and the strategies for protecting the global environment, and formulated the "action plan" for protecting the global environment proposed in the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment and article 109. Seven * * * identical viewpoints and 26 * * * identical principles were put forward to inspire and guide people all over the world to maintain and improve the human environment, and it was suggested that the opening day of this conference should be "World Environment Day". 1972 10 10 In October, the 27th United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution to designate June 5th as "World Environment Day". According to the major environmental problems and hot spots in the world, the United Nations formulates the theme of "World Environment Day" every year. Every year, the United Nations system and governments around the world carry out various activities on this day to publicize the importance of protecting and improving the human environment. At the same time, the United Nations Environment Programme issued an annual report on the state of the environment and held an international conference to commend the "top 500 in the world".
World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought
Since the increasingly serious global desertification is threatening human survival, from 1995, June 17 every year has been designated as "World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought".
world population day
1July 987 1 1 marked by the birth of a Yugoslav baby, the world population exceeded 5 billion. 1990, the United Nations designated July 1 1 every year as World Population Day.
International ozone layer protection day
1987 September 16, 46 countries signed the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in Montreal, Canada, and began to take concrete actions to protect the ozone layer. The United Nations set up this memorial day to arouse people's awareness of protecting the ozone layer and take concerted action to protect the earth's environment and human health.
World Animal Day
Italian missionary Saint Francis advocated "Thanks to the animals that give love to human beings" on 100 years ago 10. In order to commemorate him, people designated 65438+10.4 as "World Animal Day".
World food day
With the rapid growth of population, food in the world is becoming more and more scarce. From the year of 198 1, the two dates of 10 and 16 are designated as "World Food Day" every year.
international day for biological diversity
The Convention on Biological Diversity entered into force on February 29th, 1993. In order to commemorate this significant day, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution to designate the annual International Biodiversity Day as 1995.
Harm of acid rain
Acid rain usually refers to acidic precipitation with a Ph lower than 5.6, indicating the pH index.
Acid rain (acid rain usually refers to acidic precipitation with PH below 5.6) is spreading in China, which is the third largest acid rain area in the world after Europe and North America. In 1980s, acid rain in China mainly occurred in Sichuan, Guangxi and Guangxi, represented by Chongqing, Guiyang and Liuzhou, with an area of 1.7 million square kilometers. By the mid-1990s, acid rain had spread to the south of the Yangtze River, the east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the vast areas of the Sichuan Basin, and the area of acid rain had expanded by more than 654.38+100,000 square kilometers. The acid rain areas in Central China, represented by Changsha, Ganzhou, Nanchang and Huaihua, have become the most polluted areas in the country. The annual frequency of acid rain in the central region is higher than 90%, and it is almost sour when it rains. The coastal areas of East China, represented by Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Fuzhou, Qingdao and Xiamen, have also become the main acid rain areas in China. Acid precipitation also appeared in parts of North China and Northeast China. During the period of 1998, more than half of the cities in China experienced acid rain, including more than 70% of the southern cities and northern cities, such as Xi 'an, Tongchuan, Tumen and Qingdao. Acid rain has set off a prairie fire in China, covering more than 30% of the country.
The harm of acid rain is various, including direct and potential harm to human health, ecosystem and building facilities. Acid rain will reduce children's immune function, increase the incidence of chronic pharyngitis and bronchial asthma, and increase the prevalence of eyes and respiratory tract in the elderly. Acid rain will also greatly reduce the yield of crops, especially wheat. Under the influence of acid rain, the yield can be reduced by 13% to 34%. Soybeans and vegetables are also susceptible to acid rain, which leads to the decrease of protein content and yield. Acid rain is also harmful to forests and other plants. It often turns the leaves of forests and other plants yellow, aggravates pests and diseases, and eventually causes large-scale death.
Acid rain and floating dust are the main air pollution in China. For more than ten years, the problem of acid rain has become more and more prominent due to the increasing emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. China is now the third largest acid rain area after Europe and North America.
Acid rain in China is mainly distributed in Sichuan Basin, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and other coastal provinces. In North China, acid rain deposition is rarely observed, which may be due to less precipitation, low air humidity and low soil acidity in the north. However, it is worth noting that acidic precipitation has also appeared in northern areas such as Houma, Beijing and Tianjin, Dandong and Tumen.
Acid rain is very harmful to forest plants. According to the domestic simulation experiment on the influence of 105 woody plants, when the pH value of precipitation is less than 3.0, it can cause direct damage to plant leaves, making them turn green and yellow and begin to fall off. The longer the leaves are exposed to acid rain, the more serious the damage. Field investigation shows that in areas where the PH value of precipitation is less than 4.5, a large number of yellow leaves fall off in Pinus massoniana forest, Pinus armandii forest and Abies fir forest, and the trees decline and die in pieces. For example, in areas with precipitation PH less than 4.3 in fengjie county, the annual average height growth of 20-year-old Pinus massoniana stands is reduced by 50%.
The impact of acid rain on forests is largely caused by the deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties. Under the action of acid rain, nutrients such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in the soil will be released and leached out with the rain. Therefore, long-term acid rain will leach out a lot of nutrients in the soil, resulting in a serious shortage of nutrients in the soil, thus making the soil barren. In addition, acid rain can release aluminum from stable state in soil, increase active aluminum and reduce organic complex aluminum. The increase of active aluminum in soil will seriously inhibit the growth of trees. Acid rain will inhibit the reproduction of some soil microorganisms and reduce the activity of enzymes, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil will be obviously inhibited by acid rain. Acid rain will also significantly increase forest diseases and insect pests. In Sichuan, the disease index of Pinus massoniana forest in severe acid rain area is 2.5 times that in no acid rain area.
The harm of acid rain to forests in China is mainly in the provinces south of the Yangtze River. According to preliminary investigation and statistics, the forest area harmed by acid rain in Sichuan Basin is the largest, about 280,000 hectares, accounting for 32% of the woodland area. The affected forest area in Guizhou is about 6.5438+0.4 million hectares. The research results show that only in the southwest of China, the forest productivity is reduced due to acid rain, and 6.3 million cubic meters of wood is lost, resulting in a direct economic loss of 3 billion yuan (calculated by market price 1988). According to the estimation of South China 1 1 province, the direct economic loss caused by acid rain can reach 4.4 billion yuan. Now most experts believe that the ecological value of forest far exceeds its economic value. Although there are still some disputes about the calculation method of forest ecological value, the calculated figures can not be generally recognized by the society, but the ecological value of forests exceeds its economic value, which is almost the same. According to these calculation results, the ecological value of forest is 2-8 times of its economic value. If calculated according to this ratio, the economic loss caused by acid rain to forest destruction is extremely huge.
What is halon?
Halon (transliteration of Halon) is the trade name of121kloc-0/and 130 1, which belongs to a class of chemicals called halon and is mainly used as a fire extinguishing agent. It can achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing by destroying the complex chemical chain reaction of combustion or explosion. Halon fire extinguishing agent is an ozone-depleting substance, which is widely used in fire fighting industry. When people use halon fire extinguishers for fire fighting or training, halon gas will naturally be discharged into the atmosphere. Halons contain chlorine and bromine. After being irradiated by sunlight in the atmosphere, free radicals of chlorine and bromine are decomposed. These chemically active groups combine with ozone, taking away an oxygen atom in ozone molecules, triggering a destructive chain reaction, destroying ozone, thus reducing ozone concentration and producing ozone holes. Halon's life span in the atmosphere is several decades, and its damage to stratospheric ozone layer will last for several decades or even longer. Therefore, the damage of halons to the ozone layer is enormous. Scientific research has proved that halon is one of the chief culprits in destroying the ozone layer.