(1) Environmental factors The environment has great influence on human health. Whether it is the natural environment or the social environment, on the one hand, human beings should enjoy its achievements, on the other hand, they should also accept the harm it brings. Nature has nurtured human beings, but at the same time it also produces, exists and spreads all kinds of harmful substances that endanger human health at any time. The abrupt change of climate, airflow and air pressure will not only affect human health, but even bring disaster to human beings. In the social environment, the change of political system, the development of social economy and the progress of culture and education are closely related to human health. For example, economic development brings waste water, waste gas, noise and waste residue, which is extremely harmful to human health. Bad customs and harmful ideology also hinder human health. Therefore, if people want to be healthy, they must make unremitting efforts to improve, beautify, purify and optimize the environment.
(2) Biological factors Among the biological factors, the most important factors affecting human health are genetic factors and psychological factors. Modern medicine has found that there are not only two or three thousand kinds of genetic diseases, but also the incidence rate is as high as 20%. Therefore, it is of special significance to attach importance to the influence of heredity on health. Psychological factors are closely related to the occurrence, prevention and treatment of diseases. Negative psychological factors can cause many diseases, and positive psychological state is a necessary condition to maintain and improve health. Medical clinical practice and scientific research have proved that negative emotions such as anxiety, resentment, sadness, fear and anger will make various systems of the human body dysfunctional, which will lead to insomnia, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, loss of appetite, menstrual disorders and other diseases. A positive and optimistic attitude can stand the test of victory and failure. In a word, mental state is a reflection of social environment and living environment, and it is an important factor affecting health.
(3) Lifestyle factors Lifestyle refers to a series of living habits, living systems and life consciousness formed by people under the long-term influence of certain culture, nationality, economy, society, customs and family. In the long process of human development, although it has long been recognized that lifestyle is related to health, various infectious diseases that endanger human life have always been the main cause of human death, and the influence of lifestyle factors on health has always been ignored. It was not until the 1960s (19) that people gradually discovered that among all the causes of death, the factor of acquired mode became more and more important. For example, from 65438 to 0976, 50% of the annual deaths in the United States were related to unhealthy lifestyles. It can be seen how important it is to develop good living habits for health.
Question 2: What are the main social factors that affect health? There are many factors affecting health, including environmental factors, biological factors, lifestyle factors and medical care services.
(1) Environmental factors The environment has great influence on human health. Whether it is the natural environment or the social environment, on the one hand, human beings should enjoy its achievements, on the other hand, they should also accept the harm it brings. Nature has nurtured human beings, but at the same time it also produces, exists and spreads all kinds of harmful substances that endanger human health at any time. The abrupt change of climate, airflow and air pressure will not only affect human health, but even bring disaster to human beings. In the social environment, the change of political system, the development of social economy and the progress of culture and education are closely related to human health. For example, economic development brings waste water, waste gas, noise and waste residue, which is extremely harmful to human health. Bad customs and harmful ideology also hinder human health. Therefore, if people want to be healthy, they must make unremitting efforts to improve, beautify, purify and optimize the environment.
(2) Biological factors Among the biological factors, the most important factors affecting human health are genetic factors and psychological factors. Modern medicine has found that there are not only two or three thousand kinds of genetic diseases, but also the incidence rate is as high as 20%. Therefore, it is of special significance to attach importance to the influence of heredity on health. Psychological factors are closely related to the occurrence, prevention and treatment of diseases. Negative psychological factors can cause many diseases, and positive psychological state is a necessary condition to maintain and improve health. Medical clinical practice and scientific research have proved that negative emotions such as anxiety, resentment, sadness, fear and anger will make various systems of the human body dysfunctional, which will lead to insomnia, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, loss of appetite, menstrual disorders and other diseases. A positive and optimistic attitude can stand the test of victory and failure. In a word, mental state is a reflection of social environment and living environment, and it is an important factor affecting health.
(3) Lifestyle factors Lifestyle refers to a series of living habits, living systems and life consciousness formed by people under the long-term influence of certain culture, nationality, economy, society, customs and family. In the long process of human development, although it has long been recognized that lifestyle is related to health, various infectious diseases that endanger human life have always been the main cause of human death, and the influence of lifestyle factors on health has always been ignored. It was not until the 1960s (19) that people gradually discovered that among all the causes of death, the factor of acquired mode became more and more important. For example, from 65438 to 0976, 50% of the annual deaths in the United States were related to unhealthy lifestyles. It can be seen how important it is to develop good living habits for health.
(4) The factors that determine health are very complicated, and health service is an extremely important factor. The World Health Organization classifies health care services into primary, secondary and tertiary levels, and realizing primary health care is the common goal of all countries in the contemporary world. Its basic content is:
① Health education;
(2) provide food that meets the nutritional requirements;
(3) Providing safe water and basic sanitation facilities;
④ Maternal and child health care and family planning;
⑤ Vaccinate;
⑥ Adopt appropriate treatment methods;
⑦ Provide essential drugs.
These undoubtedly provide a fundamental guarantee for human health.
Question 3: From what aspects do we understand the relationship between psychosocial factors and people's health and diseases? Main environmental factors, physical factors and formula factors (I) Discussion on the influence of environmental factors, environmental health on extreme self-environment and social environment. We should enjoy the surface, accept the harm, raise similar products, and spread all kinds of harmful substances that are harmful to health, such as the sudden change of climate, airflow and air pressure, which only affects human health and even brings disaster to human health. Social and economic development, cultural and educational progress are closely related to human health. For example, waste water, waste gas, noise and waste residue, which are closely related to economic development and human health, are harmful to customs and ideology. In order to be healthy, we must persist in improving and beautifying the environment. Purify the environment and optimize environmental work (2) Vegetables affect health. Modern medicine has found that there are only two or three thousand genetic diseases, and the incidence rate is as high as 20%. It is of special significance to pay attention to the influence of genetic health. The occurrence and prevention of vegetarian diseases are closely related. Negative vegetarian diseases can cause positive physiological states of many diseases and maintain the necessary conditions for improving health. The research of medical clinical practice department proves that negative emotional anxiety, resentment, sadness, fear and anger can cause the dysfunction of various systems in the body, leading to insomnia, tachycardia, hypertension, anorexia, menstrual disorders and other diseases. They are positive and optimistic and can stand the test of success or failure. The prime minister's state, social environment and environment reflect the important factors affecting health. (3) Formula refers to a series of habits and institutional consciousness influenced by culture, nationality, economy, society, customs and family. Although the cognitive process develops early, it is related to health. It was not until the19th century that all the formulas were gradually discovered due to the health effects of various life-threatening and direct death infectious diseases.
Question 4: Discuss the influence of social factors on health in combination with the theory of determinants of a healthy society. There are many factors affecting health, including environmental factors, biological factors and lifestyle factors (1). Environmental factors have a great influence on human health. Whether it is the natural environment or the social environment, on the one hand, human beings should enjoy its achievements, on the other hand, they should also accept the harm it brings. Nature has nurtured human beings, but at the same time it also produces, exists and spreads all kinds of harmful substances that endanger human health at any time. The abrupt change of climate, airflow and air pressure will not only affect human health, but even bring disaster to human beings. In the social environment, the change of political system, the development of social economy and the progress of culture and education are closely related to human health. For example, economic development brings waste water, waste gas, noise and waste residue, which is extremely harmful to human health. Bad customs and harmful ideology also hinder human health. Therefore, if people want to be healthy, they must make unremitting efforts to improve, beautify, purify and optimize the environment. (2) Biological factors Among the biological factors, the most important factors affecting human health are genetic factors and psychological factors. Modern medicine has found that there are not only two or three thousand kinds of genetic diseases, but also the incidence rate is as high as 20%. Therefore, it is of special significance to attach importance to the influence of heredity on health. Psychological factors are closely related to the occurrence, prevention and treatment of diseases. Negative psychological factors can cause many diseases, and positive psychological state is a necessary condition to maintain and improve health. Medical clinical practice and scientific research have proved that negative emotions such as anxiety, resentment, sadness, fear and anger will make various systems of the human body dysfunctional, which will lead to insomnia, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, loss of appetite, menstrual disorders and other diseases. A positive and optimistic attitude can stand the test of victory and failure. In a word, mental state is a reflection of social environment and living environment, and it is an important factor affecting health. (3) Lifestyle factors Lifestyle refers to a series of living habits, living systems and life consciousness formed by people under the long-term influence of certain culture, nationality, economy, society, customs and family. In the long process of human development, although it has long been recognized that lifestyle is related to health, various infectious diseases that endanger human life have always been the main cause of human death, and the influence of lifestyle factors on health has always been ignored. It was not until the 1960s (19) that people gradually discovered that among all the causes of death, the factor of acquired mode became more and more important. For example, from 65438 to 0976, 50% of the annual deaths in the United States were related to unhealthy lifestyles. It can be seen how important it is to develop good living habits for health.
Question 5: Why is the relationship between psychological factors and health getting closer and closer in contemporary society?
People's psychological structure changes with the change of social structure. The faster the development, of course, people can constantly change themselves to adapt, but at the cost of mental illness.
Mental health and physical health interact.
At the same time, many people's psychological problems will be alleviated unconsciously through some bad behaviors in daily life, resulting in a vicious circle of body and mind.
Question 6: How to understand the dialectical relationship between socio-economic factors and health? This involves the level of material construction and spiritual construction, the economic foundation determines the superstructure, and health is related to spiritual civilization!
Only when the social economy is developed can a country consider narrow medical and health investment. Broadly speaking, health can be divided into mental health and physical health. From a social point of view, health must be invested by finance. Therefore, when the economy is developed, the country will have the experience and ability to consider social construction in health!
Question 7: The relationship between society and health. Early research has convinced people of the relationship between social support and physical and mental health, but there is still controversy about the mechanism of social support. Some psychologists believe that social support has a universal gain effect. Regardless of whether an individual faces a stressful situation or not, high social support is always accompanied by a good physical and mental state (the main effect model of social support). On the other hand, some psychologists believe that social support will only play a role when people face high life pressure, so that people can avoid or be less affected by stress events and maintain and improve their health (buffer model). Under the guidance of these two theories, people have done a lot of research, but the results are inconclusive.
Due to the fierce conflict between the two theoretical viewpoints, people turned to the discussion of methodology. They found that different measurement methods of social support concept are the key to lead to two different conclusions. Using the whole structure measurement, the results often support the main effect model, while using the special function measurement, the results often support the buffer model.
At the same time, people discovered a new problem. Social support has always been regarded as an environmental variable. Whether it is structural measurement or functional measurement, there is the same assumption, that is, the social support obtained by individuals depends on the provision of environment, and has nothing to do with individual personality factors. But experience tells people that the quantity and quality of social support attracted by different individuals and their feelings and evaluations of social support are different. In view of this, many researchers began to introduce personality factors as independent variables into the study of social support and health, and made new progress.
Question 8: What are the social factors that affect health?
Social factors refer to
Because of the relationship between people
And affect people's health.