Chinese name: Ivy
Scientific name: Hyderabad spiral
Nicknames: Ivy, Ivy, Gu Teng, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Scolopendra.
Family: Araliaceae.
Genus; The genus Ivy.
Distribution: Europe, Asia and North Africa. In China, it is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu and the south of the Yellow River basin to South China and Southwest China.
Morphological characteristics: perennial evergreen climbing shrub, original ecology attached to the trunk of broad-leaved forest or wet rock wall of valley. Roots grow on the stems to climb other things, and young leaves and inflorescences are covered with star scales. The petiole is thick, and the branches and leaves of the grapes are slightly triangular and palmately shaped. The fruits, seeds and leaves of ivy are poisonous. The leaves are fragrant and beautiful, so you can watch them at home.
Ivy cultivation management is simple and extensive, but it needs to be planted in moist soil and ventilated places. Transplanting can be carried out in early autumn or late spring, and pruning is needed after planting to promote branching. Many places in the south are planted in the shade of gardens, allowing them to crawl naturally on the ground or rockeries. There are many potted plants in the north. Potted plants can be tied with various brackets for traction and shaping. In summer, it is raised under a shade shed, and in winter, it is put into a greenhouse for wintering. Indoor air humidity should be kept, not too dry, but the basin soil should not be too wet.
Propagation method of ivy:
1. Propagation with seeds, cuttings and layering.
1) seed propagation: after the fruits are ripe, they are harvested, piled up for ripening, soaked in water, rubbed, washed and dried in the shade, then sown or stored in wet sand. Sow in the spring of the next year, and cover with 1cm soil after sowing, and cover with grass to keep moisture. When the seedlings are unearthed, they will be placed in the shade. After transplanting or fixing seedlings in the next spring, cultivate large seedlings.
2) Skid-mounted propagation: cuttings with air roots are the easiest to survive in the growing season. After the cuttings are inserted, the plastic film arch shed is used for shade, and the space temperature is kept at 80%-90%, but the bed soil should not be too wet to prevent the cuttings from rotting, and they can take root in about 30 days.
3) layering propagation: it is carried out in spring and autumn, and it is easy to take root after annular cutting of buried soil with wavy layering method.
4) The temperature should be appropriate. Ivy likes warmth, and the suitable temperature for growth is 20℃-25℃. It is afraid of heat and not cold. Therefore, when placed indoors for maintenance, attention should be paid to ventilation and cooling in summer, and the room temperature should be kept above 10℃ in winter, and the minimum should not be lower than 5℃.
Symbolic meaning: Ivy has a very auspicious meaning in ancient and modern China and abroad. In China, ivy means longevity and eternal youth. In Europe and America, it means getting married. In Christianity, ivy is a symbol of eternal life.
Cultivation method of ivy:
1 The temperature should be appropriate. Ivy likes warmth, and the suitable temperature for growth is 20℃-25℃, so it is best to keep it indoors. In addition, attention should be paid to air circulation and temperature suitability in summer, and the lowest temperature in winter should be kept at 5℃. Of course, it can generally be kept at 10℃.
2 light should be moderate. Only in this way can the leaves be consistent in shape and bright in color. But also avoid direct glare, because if there is too much glare, it will cause sunburn.
3 the right amount of water. See wet and dry in the growing season (that is, the pot soil should not be too wet or too dry). If there is too much water, the roots will rot and leaves will fall. Especially in winter, when the temperature is low, it is especially necessary to control watering, as long as the basin soil is kept slightly moist.
4. Rational fertilization. When planting ivy at home, the pot soil can be mixed with humus soil or charcoal soil 1/4 river sand and a small amount of bone powder, and 1 double pancake fertilizer can be applied for 2-3 weeks in the growing season. Generally, fertilization is not required in Xia Dong season, so be careful not to choose nitrogen fertilizer when applying fertilizer. When applying fertilizer, we should also be careful not to stain the leaves, so as not to cause them to burn.
The role of ivy:
First, the greening effect of ivy
Ivy is often planted on outdoor walls, but it is also planted indoors. Hanging cultivation, combination cultivation and green carving cultivation are adopted. Ivy is a woody evergreen vine with strong greening effect. Parthenocissus tricuspidata has developed adsorptive aerial roots, dense branches and leaves, evergreen all the year round, resistant to pruning and suitable for modeling. Whether it is placed indoors or outdoors, it is very eye-catching.
Second, the medicinal function of ivy
Ivy as a whole plant is used as medicine. Ivy can treat patients with rheumatic joint pain, low back pain, traumatic injury and hepatitis. The main functions of ivy are expelling wind and promoting diuresis, promoting blood circulation to reduce swelling, calming the liver and detoxifying. Ivy, the same plant, has a calming effect. Another ivy contains soap alkaloids, which can inhibit the growth of fungi.
Third, the ecological function of ivy.
The newly renovated house will contain harmful gases such as formaldehyde. Keep ventilation after renovation. But ivy has the function of greening the environment, and it can play an ecological role if planted at home. Slowly absorb the formaldehyde emitted by the newly renovated house.
3. The light should be moderate. Only in this way can the leaves be consistent in shape and bright in color. But also avoid direct glare, because if there is too much glare, it will cause sunburn.
4. Fertilization. Applying 1 times pancake fertilizer every half month in peak season or spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves will make the leaves more beautiful. However, it should be noted that the leaves should not be polluted when applying liquid fertilizer, so as not to cause the leaves to burn.
3. Watering method of ivy cultivation
Ivy likes wet soil and high air humidity, and is resistant to water and drought. After the growth resumed in spring, the soil in the basin remained moist. Ivy should be kept moist during the growing season. Because the indoor air humidity is relatively low, it is necessary to regularly sprinkle water on and around the ivy leaves to increase the air humidity. After the temperature drops in late autumn, slowly reduce the watering times and let the soil dry. When the temperature is low in winter, it is best to dry the basin soil.
Ivy likes humidity. During the growing season, the basin soil should be kept moist, and foliar water should be sprayed every day to make the air humidity reach 50% ~ 60%. Watering times should be reduced in winter, but it should not be too dry.
Matters needing attention in ivy cultivation:
(1) can be planted when the branches stop growing. It is best to use loose fertile soil mixed with garden soil, humus soil and sand for potted plants, 1-2 years to change pots 1 time. Keep the basin soil moist during the growth period, and often spray water on the leaves and surrounding ground to improve the air humidity; If you do indoor activities in winter, you can spend the winter above 3℃ and put it in a well-lit place, pay attention to ventilation and reduce watering times.
(2) Newly planted plants should be pitted after germination in spring to promote their branching. Perennial plants should be pruned to cut off dead branches, weak branches and pests.
(3) Spray the leaves of Parthenocissus tricuspidata regularly to avoid the yellow tip of the leaves caused by air drying.
(4) If it is placed on the windowsill or several seats to make the vines droop, it will appear disorganized and the ornamental value is not high. In the indoor garden, it can be used as a wall beautification material, and a thin rope can be pulled to the wall for them to wind and climb. If it is a single pot decoration, the racket should be tied with bamboo grates or No.8 lead wires, and the stems and vines should be evenly distributed on the racket by manual traction for modeling, and pruning should be strengthened to prevent the disorder caused by multi-layer winding of the stems and vines. There are many kinds of beats for climbing potted ivy, which can be played according to personal hobbies. Common racket forms are spiral, cylindrical, spherical, fan-shaped and so on.
(5) The cold tolerance of ivy is relatively strong, and the general family room can safely overwinter. Water less in winter and stop topdressing. Put it near the south window to let them see more sunshine. In a room without heating equipment, if the leaves fall off because of low temperature, as long as the stems and vines are not frozen, there is no need to take care of them. After the warm spring next year, do a strong pruning to make the dormant buds at the lower part of the vines grow new vines, and then tie them, so that the plants can be updated/kloc-0 times a year, and the size of the plants can be controlled within a certain range for indoor furnishings.
Fertilization method of ivy cultivation;
In the spring and autumn growing season, dilute liquid fertilizer should be applied every 2 ~ 3 weeks, and nitrogen fertilizer should be avoided for mosaic varieties to avoid the fading of patterns and patches on leaves, and fertilization should be stopped in winter.
Ivy likes chemical fertilizers, mainly nitrogen fertilizers. But too much nitrogen fertilizer is easy to grow wildly, which is not conducive to the beautiful plant shape. When phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are insufficient, the stripes on ivy leaves are easy to fade. Seedlings can be topdressing 10 times of decomposed liquid fertilizer every 15 days in the growing season, and mixed with 500 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Topdressing mixed liquid fertilizer/kloc-0 every 30 days. If the formed plants are not fertilized daily, they can be sprayed with 1000 times urea solution 1-2 times in Huang Shi. When applying decomposed liquid fertilizer, slowly irrigate it along the basin with a fine nozzle watering can, and don't splash the fertilizer liquid on the leaves, otherwise it will easily burn the leaves.
Types of ivy:
Ivy can be divided into China Ivy, Japanese Ivy, Golden Heart Ivy, Western Ivy, Canary Ivy, Leather Ivy, Silver Edge Ivy, Snow Ivy and so on.
China ivy climbs walls and rocks. Many plants are planted in front of the building in the south, which is an excellent plant material for three-dimensional greening, and there are also many potted plants in the north. Because of the variety of shapes and colors, leaves are often used as hanging plants, hanging on halls, corridors and scaffolding, and can also be erected to decorate the corners of living rooms and conference rooms. Small plants can be used as table decorations. Different species and varieties can also be exhibited as special exhibitions, which is unique.
Ivy (scientific name: Hedera helix, English name: Common ivy), also known as Ivy, Ivy, Gu Teng, Chrysanthemum morifolium, centipede. Its stems are alive, and its roots can climb other things. Young leaves and inflorescences are covered with stellate scales, and the leaves are stipitate and thick. The leaves of grape branches are slightly triangular and palm-shaped. But stems and leaves can also be used as antiperspirants and antipyretics. [Source request] The leaves are fragrant and beautiful, and you can watch them at home.
The story of the Ivy League:
The flower language of ivy is never part, which is said to come from a touching love story. Evie is a kind and beautiful girl, and John is a handsome and strong teenager. They are a happy couple, blessed by relatives and friends. After the grape harvest this year, John decided to marry his beloved Evie. He works harder every day, watering and weeding the vineyard. Evie sings with him every day to make him happy. Evie's song is so crisp and sweet that every day when she starts singing, all the birds will stop and listen quietly!
One day, the king went out hunting and rode through the vineyard. He was deeply intoxicated by Evie's moving singing. He followed the song and found that she was the most beautiful girl he had ever seen. He immediately decided to marry Evie as his bride. The king ordered the guards to take Evie back to the castle. In order to prevent John from taking revenge, he also took John back to the castle.
The king locked Evie in the tower on the west side of the castle and imprisoned John in the tower on the east side. Although Ivy refused to be the queen of the overbearing king, the king's orders could not be changed. He ordered a royal wedding to be held the day after tomorrow, and John would be hanged that day.
A kind woman secretly told the news to Evie. Evie was anxious, afraid and sad, and cried all night on the tower alone. When the sun rises in the east again, she looks at the East Tower surrounded by golden sunshine and sings softly as before. It was quiet in the morning, and the song floated through the castle into John's ear. Although Evie's songs are light and thin, they are as loud as thunder in John's ears. Evie is very determined.
Everyone who loves each other is a sacred unicorn, but I can still feel the harmonious heartbeat. That night, Evie quietly jumped down from the window. The goddess of the earth saw the double suicide of the faithful lovers, and she accepted their bodies with open arms. Then, something amazing happened! An ivy grows in the East Tower and the West Tower respectively. The stems and leaves of these two kinds of ivy grow rapidly, covering the ground and crawling all over the walls. Their vines twined, their branches staggered and their leaves overlapped, and two castles were built overnight. People can't tell which one originated in the West Tower and which one grew in the East Tower.